diff --git a/.deepsource.toml b/.deepsource.toml
index 5ffeda411..6431df05d 100644
--- a/.deepsource.toml
+++ b/.deepsource.toml
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ name = "python"
 enabled = true
 
   [analyzers.meta]
-  runtime_version = "3.x.x"
\ No newline at end of file
+  runtime_version = "3.x.x"
diff --git a/.idea/dictionaries/haroldmartin.xml b/.idea/dictionaries/haroldmartin.xml
index 7c49e3be1..704efb7b5 100644
--- a/.idea/dictionaries/haroldmartin.xml
+++ b/.idea/dictionaries/haroldmartin.xml
@@ -46,4 +46,4 @@
       <w>ytplayer</w>
     </words>
   </dictionary>
-</component>
\ No newline at end of file
+</component>
diff --git a/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml b/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml
index 105ce2da2..cc5462daf 100644
--- a/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml
+++ b/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
     <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
     <version value="1.0" />
   </settings>
-</component>
\ No newline at end of file
+</component>
diff --git a/.idea/misc.xml b/.idea/misc.xml
index a2e120dcc..ce8c2e7a9 100644
--- a/.idea/misc.xml
+++ b/.idea/misc.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project version="4">
   <component name="ProjectRootManager" version="2" project-jdk-name="Python 3.7" project-jdk-type="Python SDK" />
-</project>
\ No newline at end of file
+</project>
diff --git a/.idea/vcs.xml b/.idea/vcs.xml
index 94a25f7f4..5ace414d8 100644
--- a/.idea/vcs.xml
+++ b/.idea/vcs.xml
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
   <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
     <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$" vcs="Git" />
   </component>
-</project>
\ No newline at end of file
+</project>
diff --git a/docs/conf.py b/docs/conf.py
index 223bf7de4..7e016167b 100644
--- a/docs/conf.py
+++ b/docs/conf.py
@@ -5,38 +5,39 @@
 import sys
 
 import sphinx_rtd_theme
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../'))
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath("../"))
 
 from pytube import __version__  # noqa
 
 # -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
 
 extensions = [
-    'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
-    'sphinx.ext.autosummary',
-    'sphinx.ext.todo',
-    'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
-    'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
+    "sphinx.ext.autodoc",
+    "sphinx.ext.autosummary",
+    "sphinx.ext.todo",
+    "sphinx.ext.intersphinx",
+    "sphinx.ext.viewcode",
 ]
 
 autosummary_generate = True
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
-templates_path = ['_templates']
+templates_path = ["_templates"]
 
 # The suffix(es) of source filenames.
 # You can specify multiple suffix as a list of string:
 #
 # source_suffix = ['.rst', '.md']
-source_suffix = '.rst'
+source_suffix = ".rst"
 
 # The master toctree document.
-master_doc = 'index'
+master_doc = "index"
 
 # General information about the project.
-project = 'pytube3'
-copyright = '2019, Nick Ficano'
-author = 'Nick Ficano, Harold Martin'
+project = "pytube3"
+copyright = "2019, Nick Ficano"
+author = "Nick Ficano, Harold Martin"
 
 # The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
 # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
@@ -57,16 +58,16 @@
 # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
 # This patterns also effect to html_static_path and html_extra_path
-exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']
+exclude_patterns = ["_build", "Thumbs.db", ".DS_Store"]
 
 # The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
-pygments_style = 'sphinx'
+pygments_style = "sphinx"
 
 # If true, `todo` and `todoList` produce output, else they produce nothing.
 todo_include_todos = True
 
 intersphinx_mapping = {
-    'python': ('https://docs.python.org/3/', None),
+    "python": ("https://docs.python.org/3/", None),
 }
 
 
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@
 # The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
 # a list of builtin themes.
 #
-html_theme = 'sphinx_rtd_theme'
+html_theme = "sphinx_rtd_theme"
 html_theme_path = [sphinx_rtd_theme.get_html_theme_path()]
 
 # Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@
 # Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
 # relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
 # so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
-html_static_path = ['_static']
+html_static_path = ["_static"]
 
 # Custom sidebar templates, must be a dictionary that maps document names
 # to template names.
@@ -95,12 +96,12 @@
 # This is required for the alabaster theme
 # refs: http://alabaster.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html#sidebars
 html_sidebars = {
-    '**': [
-        'about.html',
-        'navigation.html',
-        'relations.html',  # needs 'show_related': True theme option to display
-        'searchbox.html',
-        'donate.html',
+    "**": [
+        "about.html",
+        "navigation.html",
+        "relations.html",  # needs 'show_related': True theme option to display
+        "searchbox.html",
+        "donate.html",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@
 # -- Options for HTMLHelp output ------------------------------------------
 
 # Output file base name for HTML help builder.
-htmlhelp_basename = 'pytube3doc'
+htmlhelp_basename = "pytube3doc"
 
 
 # -- Options for LaTeX output ---------------------------------------------
@@ -120,8 +121,11 @@
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
     (
-        master_doc, 'pytube3.tex', 'pytube3 Documentation',
-        'Nick Ficano', 'manual',
+        master_doc,
+        "pytube3.tex",
+        "pytube3 Documentation",
+        "Nick Ficano",
+        "manual",
     ),
 ]
 
@@ -131,10 +135,7 @@
 # One entry per manual page. List of tuples
 # (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
 man_pages = [
-    (
-        master_doc, 'pytube3', 'pytube3 Documentation',
-        [author], 1,
-    ),
+    (master_doc, "pytube3", "pytube3 Documentation", [author], 1,),
 ]
 
 
@@ -145,8 +146,12 @@
 #  dir menu entry, description, category)
 texinfo_documents = [
     (
-        master_doc, 'pytube3', 'pytube3 Documentation',
-        author, 'pytube3', 'One line description of project.',
-        'Miscellaneous',
+        master_doc,
+        "pytube3",
+        "pytube3 Documentation",
+        author,
+        "pytube3",
+        "One line description of project.",
+        "Miscellaneous",
     ),
 ]
diff --git a/pytube/__main__.py b/pytube/__main__.py
index 90ebb86f8..02de5f52e 100644
--- a/pytube/__main__.py
+++ b/pytube/__main__.py
@@ -7,12 +7,13 @@
 smaller peripheral modules and functions.
 
 """
-
 import json
 import logging
-from typing import Optional, Dict, List
-from urllib.parse import parse_qsl
 from html import unescape
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from urllib.parse import parse_qsl
 
 from pytube import Caption
 from pytube import CaptionQuery
@@ -20,10 +21,14 @@
 from pytube import request
 from pytube import Stream
 from pytube import StreamQuery
-from pytube.extract import apply_descrambler, apply_signature, get_ytplayer_config
-from pytube.helpers import install_proxy
 from pytube.exceptions import VideoUnavailable
-from pytube.monostate import OnProgress, OnComplete, Monostate
+from pytube.extract import apply_descrambler
+from pytube.extract import apply_signature
+from pytube.extract import get_ytplayer_config
+from pytube.helpers import install_proxy
+from pytube.monostate import Monostate
+from pytube.monostate import OnComplete
+from pytube.monostate import OnProgress
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -54,17 +59,23 @@ def __init__(
 
         """
         self.js: Optional[str] = None  # js fetched by js_url
-        self.js_url: Optional[str] = None  # the url to the js, parsed from watch html
+        self.js_url: Optional[
+            str
+        ] = None  # the url to the js, parsed from watch html
 
         # note: vid_info may eventually be removed. It sounds like it once had
         # additional formats, but that doesn't appear to still be the case.
 
         # the url to vid info, parsed from watch html
         self.vid_info_url: Optional[str] = None
-        self.vid_info_raw: Optional[str] = None  # content fetched by vid_info_url
+        self.vid_info_raw: Optional[
+            str
+        ] = None  # content fetched by vid_info_url
         self.vid_info: Optional[Dict] = None  # parsed content of vid_info_raw
 
-        self.watch_html: Optional[str] = None  # the html of /watch?v=<video_id>
+        self.watch_html: Optional[
+            str
+        ] = None  # the html of /watch?v=<video_id>
         self.embed_html: Optional[str] = None
         self.player_config_args: Dict = {}  # inline js in the html containing
         self.player_response: Dict = {}
@@ -109,11 +120,15 @@ def descramble(self) -> None:
             self.player_config_args = self.vid_info
         else:
             assert self.watch_html is not None
-            self.player_config_args = get_ytplayer_config(self.watch_html)["args"]
+            self.player_config_args = get_ytplayer_config(self.watch_html)[
+                "args"
+            ]
 
             # Fix for KeyError: 'title' issue #434
             if "title" not in self.player_config_args:  # type: ignore
-                i_start = self.watch_html.lower().index("<title>") + len("<title>")
+                i_start = self.watch_html.lower().index("<title>") + len(
+                    "<title>"
+                )
                 i_end = self.watch_html.lower().index("</title>")
                 title = self.watch_html[i_start:i_end].strip()
                 index = title.lower().rfind(" - youtube")
@@ -143,7 +158,9 @@ def descramble(self) -> None:
             self.initialize_stream_objects(fmt)
 
         # load the player_response object (contains subtitle information)
-        self.player_response = json.loads(self.player_config_args["player_response"])
+        self.player_response = json.loads(
+            self.player_config_args["player_response"]
+        )
         del self.player_config_args["player_response"]
         self.stream_monostate.title = self.title
         self.stream_monostate.duration = self.length
@@ -164,7 +181,10 @@ def prefetch(self) -> None:
             raise VideoUnavailable(video_id=self.video_id)
         self.age_restricted = extract.is_age_restricted(self.watch_html)
 
-        if not self.age_restricted and "This video is private" in self.watch_html:
+        if (
+            not self.age_restricted
+            and "This video is private" in self.watch_html
+        ):
             raise VideoUnavailable(video_id=self.video_id)
 
         if self.age_restricted:
@@ -282,7 +302,9 @@ def rating(self) -> float:
         :rtype: float
 
         """
-        return self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get("averageRating")
+        return self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get(
+            "averageRating"
+        )
 
     @property
     def length(self) -> int:
@@ -293,7 +315,11 @@ def length(self) -> int:
         """
         return int(
             self.player_config_args.get("length_seconds")
-            or (self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get("lengthSeconds"))
+            or (
+                self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get(
+                    "lengthSeconds"
+                )
+            )
         )
 
     @property
@@ -303,14 +329,18 @@ def views(self) -> int:
         :rtype: str
 
         """
-        return int(self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get("viewCount"))
+        return int(
+            self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get("viewCount")
+        )
 
     @property
     def author(self) -> str:
         """Get the video author.
         :rtype: str
         """
-        return self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get("author", "unknown")
+        return self.player_response.get("videoDetails", {}).get(
+            "author", "unknown"
+        )
 
     def register_on_progress_callback(self, func: OnProgress):
         """Register a download progress callback function post initialization.
diff --git a/pytube/captions.py b/pytube/captions.py
index 1aeccc21c..53f2c013b 100644
--- a/pytube/captions.py
+++ b/pytube/captions.py
@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@
 import os
 import time
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ElementTree
-from typing import Dict, Optional
-from pytube import request
 from html import unescape
-from pytube.helpers import safe_filename, target_directory
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pytube import request
+from pytube.helpers import safe_filename
+from pytube.helpers import target_directory
 
 
 class Caption:
diff --git a/pytube/cipher.py b/pytube/cipher.py
index 26b2ca926..bddb0a490 100644
--- a/pytube/cipher.py
+++ b/pytube/cipher.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """
 This module contains all logic necessary to decipher the signature.
 
@@ -17,10 +16,16 @@
 import logging
 import re
 from itertools import chain
-from typing import List, Tuple, Dict, Callable, Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
 
 from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
-from pytube.helpers import regex_search, cache
+from pytube.helpers import cache
+from pytube.helpers import regex_search
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -84,7 +89,9 @@ def parse_function(self, js_func: str) -> Tuple[str, int]:
         logger.debug("parsing transform function")
         parse_match = self.js_func_regex.search(js_func)
         if not parse_match:
-            raise RegexMatchError(caller="parse_function", pattern="js_func_regex")
+            raise RegexMatchError(
+                caller="parse_function", pattern="js_func_regex"
+            )
         fn_name, fn_arg = parse_match.groups()
         return fn_name, int(fn_arg)
 
@@ -120,7 +127,9 @@ def get_initial_function_name(js: str) -> str:
             logger.debug("finished regex search, matched: %s", pattern)
             return function_match.group(1)
 
-    raise RegexMatchError(caller="get_initial_function_name", pattern="multiple")
+    raise RegexMatchError(
+        caller="get_initial_function_name", pattern="multiple"
+    )
 
 
 def get_transform_plan(js: str) -> List[str]:
diff --git a/pytube/cli.py b/pytube/cli.py
index 05c272577..47f951b2b 100755
--- a/pytube/cli.py
+++ b/pytube/cli.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """A simple command line application to download youtube videos."""
-
 import argparse
 import datetime as dt
 import gzip
@@ -9,14 +8,19 @@
 import logging
 import os
 import shutil
-import sys
 import subprocess  # nosec
-from typing import List, Optional
+import sys
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
 
-from pytube import __version__, CaptionQuery, Stream, Playlist
+from pytube import __version__
+from pytube import CaptionQuery
+from pytube import Playlist
+from pytube import Stream
 from pytube import YouTube
 from pytube.exceptions import PytubeError
-from pytube.helpers import safe_filename, setup_logger
+from pytube.helpers import safe_filename
+from pytube.helpers import setup_logger
 
 
 def main():
@@ -49,7 +53,9 @@ def main():
         _perform_args_on_youtube(youtube, args)
 
 
-def _perform_args_on_youtube(youtube: YouTube, args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
+def _perform_args_on_youtube(
+    youtube: YouTube, args: argparse.Namespace
+) -> None:
     if args.list:
         display_streams(youtube)
     if args.build_playback_report:
@@ -65,15 +71,21 @@ def _perform_args_on_youtube(youtube: YouTube, args: argparse.Namespace) -> None
             youtube=youtube, resolution=args.resolution, target=args.target
         )
     if args.audio:
-        download_audio(youtube=youtube, filetype=args.audio, target=args.target)
+        download_audio(
+            youtube=youtube, filetype=args.audio, target=args.target
+        )
     if args.ffmpeg:
-        ffmpeg_process(youtube=youtube, resolution=args.ffmpeg, target=args.target)
+        ffmpeg_process(
+            youtube=youtube, resolution=args.ffmpeg, target=args.target
+        )
 
 
 def _parse_args(
     parser: argparse.ArgumentParser, args: Optional[List] = None
 ) -> argparse.Namespace:
-    parser.add_argument("url", help="The YouTube /watch or /playlist url", nargs="?")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "url", help="The YouTube /watch or /playlist url", nargs="?"
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--version", action="version", version="%(prog)s " + __version__,
     )
@@ -81,7 +93,10 @@ def _parse_args(
         "--itag", type=int, help="The itag for the desired stream",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
-        "-r", "--resolution", type=str, help="The resolution for the desired stream",
+        "-r",
+        "--resolution",
+        type=str,
+        help="The resolution for the desired stream",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "-l",
@@ -218,7 +233,9 @@ def on_progress(
 
 
 def _download(
-    stream: Stream, target: Optional[str] = None, filename: Optional[str] = None
+    stream: Stream,
+    target: Optional[str] = None,
+    filename: Optional[str] = None,
 ) -> None:
     filesize_megabytes = stream.filesize // 1048576
     print(f"{filename or stream.default_filename} | {filesize_megabytes} MB")
@@ -271,7 +288,9 @@ def ffmpeg_process(
 
     if resolution == "best":
         highest_quality_stream = (
-            youtube.streams.filter(progressive=False).order_by("resolution").last()
+            youtube.streams.filter(progressive=False)
+            .order_by("resolution")
+            .last()
         )
         mp4_stream = (
             youtube.streams.filter(progressive=False, subtype="mp4")
@@ -298,7 +317,9 @@ def ffmpeg_process(
 
     audio_stream = youtube.streams.get_audio_only(video_stream.subtype)
     if not audio_stream:
-        audio_stream = youtube.streams.filter(only_audio=True).order_by("abr").last()
+        audio_stream = (
+            youtube.streams.filter(only_audio=True).order_by("abr").last()
+        )
     if not audio_stream:
         print("Could not find an audio only stream")
         sys.exit()
@@ -307,7 +328,9 @@ def ffmpeg_process(
     )
 
 
-def _ffmpeg_downloader(audio_stream: Stream, video_stream: Stream, target: str) -> None:
+def _ffmpeg_downloader(
+    audio_stream: Stream, video_stream: Stream, target: str
+) -> None:
     """
     Given a YouTube Stream object, finds the correct audio stream, downloads them both
     giving them a unique name, them uses ffmpeg to create a new file with the audio
@@ -322,29 +345,50 @@ def _ffmpeg_downloader(audio_stream: Stream, video_stream: Stream, target: str)
         A valid Path object
     """
     video_unique_name = _unique_name(
-        safe_filename(video_stream.title), video_stream.subtype, "video", target=target
+        safe_filename(video_stream.title),
+        video_stream.subtype,
+        "video",
+        target=target,
     )
     audio_unique_name = _unique_name(
-        safe_filename(video_stream.title), audio_stream.subtype, "audio", target=target
+        safe_filename(video_stream.title),
+        audio_stream.subtype,
+        "audio",
+        target=target,
     )
     _download(stream=video_stream, target=target, filename=video_unique_name)
     print("Loading audio...")
     _download(stream=audio_stream, target=target, filename=audio_unique_name)
 
-    video_path = os.path.join(target, f"{video_unique_name}.{video_stream.subtype}")
-    audio_path = os.path.join(target, f"{audio_unique_name}.{audio_stream.subtype}")
+    video_path = os.path.join(
+        target, f"{video_unique_name}.{video_stream.subtype}"
+    )
+    audio_path = os.path.join(
+        target, f"{audio_unique_name}.{audio_stream.subtype}"
+    )
     final_path = os.path.join(
         target, f"{safe_filename(video_stream.title)}.{video_stream.subtype}"
     )
 
     subprocess.run(  # nosec
-        ["ffmpeg", "-i", video_path, "-i", audio_path, "-codec", "copy", final_path,]
+        [
+            "ffmpeg",
+            "-i",
+            video_path,
+            "-i",
+            audio_path,
+            "-codec",
+            "copy",
+            final_path,
+        ]
     )
     os.unlink(video_path)
     os.unlink(audio_path)
 
 
-def download_by_itag(youtube: YouTube, itag: int, target: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+def download_by_itag(
+    youtube: YouTube, itag: int, target: Optional[str] = None
+) -> None:
     """Start downloading a YouTube video.
 
     :param YouTube youtube:
@@ -409,7 +453,9 @@ def display_streams(youtube: YouTube) -> None:
 
 
 def _print_available_captions(captions: CaptionQuery) -> None:
-    print(f"Available caption codes are: {', '.join(c.code for c in captions)}")
+    print(
+        f"Available caption codes are: {', '.join(c.code for c in captions)}"
+    )
 
 
 def download_caption(
@@ -432,7 +478,9 @@ def download_caption(
 
     try:
         caption = youtube.captions[lang_code]
-        downloaded_path = caption.download(title=youtube.title, output_path=target)
+        downloaded_path = caption.download(
+            title=youtube.title, output_path=target
+        )
         print(f"Saved caption file to: {downloaded_path}")
     except KeyError:
         print(f"Unable to find caption with code: {lang_code}")
@@ -454,7 +502,9 @@ def download_audio(
         Target directory for download
     """
     audio = (
-        youtube.streams.filter(only_audio=True, subtype=filetype).order_by("abr").last()
+        youtube.streams.filter(only_audio=True, subtype=filetype)
+        .order_by("abr")
+        .last()
     )
 
     if audio is None:
diff --git a/pytube/contrib/playlist.py b/pytube/contrib/playlist.py
index ccb8a794b..96e4011d2 100644
--- a/pytube/contrib/playlist.py
+++ b/pytube/contrib/playlist.py
@@ -1,17 +1,24 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """Module to download a complete playlist from a youtube channel."""
-
 import json
 import logging
 import re
-from datetime import date, datetime
-from typing import List, Optional, Iterable, Dict, Union
-from urllib.parse import parse_qs
 from collections.abc import Sequence
+from datetime import date
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Union
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs
 
-from pytube import request, YouTube
-from pytube.helpers import cache, deprecated, install_proxy, uniqueify
+from pytube import request
+from pytube import YouTube
+from pytube.helpers import cache
+from pytube.helpers import deprecated
+from pytube.helpers import install_proxy
+from pytube.helpers import uniqueify
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -28,7 +35,9 @@ def __init__(self, url: str, proxies: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None):
         except IndexError:  # assume that url is just the id
             self.playlist_id = url
 
-        self.playlist_url = f"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={self.playlist_id}"
+        self.playlist_url = (
+            f"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={self.playlist_id}"
+        )
         self.html = request.get(self.playlist_url)
 
         # Needs testing with non-English
@@ -48,7 +57,8 @@ def __init__(self, url: str, proxies: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None):
     def _find_load_more_url(req: str) -> Optional[str]:
         """Given an html page or fragment, returns the "load more" url if found."""
         match = re.search(
-            r"data-uix-load-more-href=\"(/browse_ajax\?" 'action_continuation=.*?)"',
+            r"data-uix-load-more-href=\"(/browse_ajax\?"
+            'action_continuation=.*?)"',
             req,
         )
         if match:
@@ -56,7 +66,9 @@ def _find_load_more_url(req: str) -> Optional[str]:
 
         return None
 
-    @deprecated("This function will be removed in the future, please use .video_urls")
+    @deprecated(
+        "This function will be removed in the future, please use .video_urls"
+    )
     def parse_links(self) -> List[str]:  # pragma: no cover
         """ Deprecated function for returning list of URLs
 
@@ -64,7 +76,9 @@ def parse_links(self) -> List[str]:  # pragma: no cover
         """
         return self.video_urls
 
-    def _paginate(self, until_watch_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Iterable[List[str]]:
+    def _paginate(
+        self, until_watch_id: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> Iterable[List[str]]:
         """Parse the video links from the page source, yields the /watch?v= part from video link
         """
         req = self.html
@@ -94,7 +108,9 @@ def _paginate(self, until_watch_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Iterable[List[str]]
             videos_urls = self._extract_videos(html)
             if until_watch_id:
                 try:
-                    trim_index = videos_urls.index(f"/watch?v={until_watch_id}")
+                    trim_index = videos_urls.index(
+                        f"/watch?v={until_watch_id}"
+                    )
                     yield videos_urls[:trim_index]
                     return
                 except ValueError:
@@ -132,7 +148,9 @@ def video_urls(self) -> List[str]:
         :returns: List of video URLs
         """
         return [
-            self._video_url(video) for page in list(self._paginate()) for video in page
+            self._video_url(video)
+            for page in list(self._paginate())
+            for video in page
         ]
 
     @property
diff --git a/pytube/exceptions.py b/pytube/exceptions.py
index 134cf34a2..8a4818d47 100644
--- a/pytube/exceptions.py
+++ b/pytube/exceptions.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """Library specific exception definitions."""
-from typing import Union, Pattern
+from typing import Pattern
+from typing import Union
 
 
 class PytubeError(Exception):
diff --git a/pytube/extract.py b/pytube/extract.py
index 43fe7f821..d1b122df1 100644
--- a/pytube/extract.py
+++ b/pytube/extract.py
@@ -5,12 +5,21 @@
 import re
 from collections import OrderedDict
 from html.parser import HTMLParser
-from typing import Any, Optional, Tuple, List, Dict
-from urllib.parse import quote, parse_qs, unquote, parse_qsl
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs
+from urllib.parse import parse_qsl
+from urllib.parse import quote
+from urllib.parse import unquote
 from urllib.parse import urlencode
 
 from pytube.cipher import Cipher
-from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError, HTMLParseError, LiveStreamError
+from pytube.exceptions import HTMLParseError
+from pytube.exceptions import LiveStreamError
+from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
 from pytube.helpers import regex_search
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -123,7 +132,9 @@ def video_info_url_age_restricted(video_id: str, embed_html: str) -> str:
     # Here we use ``OrderedDict`` so that the output is consistent between
     # Python 2.7+.
     eurl = f"https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/{video_id}"
-    params = OrderedDict([("video_id", video_id), ("eurl", eurl), ("sts", sts),])
+    params = OrderedDict(
+        [("video_id", video_id), ("eurl", eurl), ("sts", sts),]
+    )
     return _video_info_url(params)
 
 
@@ -199,7 +210,9 @@ def get_ytplayer_config(html: str) -> Any:
             yt_player_config = function_match.group(1)
             return json.loads(yt_player_config)
 
-    raise RegexMatchError(caller="get_ytplayer_config", pattern="config_patterns")
+    raise RegexMatchError(
+        caller="get_ytplayer_config", pattern="config_patterns"
+    )
 
 
 def _get_vid_descr(html: Optional[str]) -> str:
@@ -248,7 +261,9 @@ def apply_signature(config_args: Dict, fmt: str, js: str) -> None:
 
         signature = cipher.get_signature(ciphered_signature=stream["s"])
 
-        logger.debug("finished descrambling signature for itag=%s", stream["itag"])
+        logger.debug(
+            "finished descrambling signature for itag=%s", stream["itag"]
+        )
         # 403 forbidden fix
         stream_manifest[i]["url"] = url + "&sig=" + signature
 
@@ -278,7 +293,9 @@ def apply_descrambler(stream_data: Dict, key: str) -> None:
     if key == "url_encoded_fmt_stream_map" and not stream_data.get(
         "url_encoded_fmt_stream_map"
     ):
-        formats = json.loads(stream_data["player_response"])["streamingData"]["formats"]
+        formats = json.loads(stream_data["player_response"])["streamingData"][
+            "formats"
+        ]
         formats.extend(
             json.loads(stream_data["player_response"])["streamingData"][
                 "adaptiveFormats"
@@ -298,7 +315,8 @@ def apply_descrambler(stream_data: Dict, key: str) -> None:
             ]
         except KeyError:
             cipher_url = [
-                parse_qs(formats[i]["cipher"]) for i, data in enumerate(formats)
+                parse_qs(formats[i]["cipher"])
+                for i, data in enumerate(formats)
             ]
             stream_data[key] = [
                 {
diff --git a/pytube/helpers.py b/pytube/helpers.py
index 6bd15f89e..b09ea099e 100644
--- a/pytube/helpers.py
+++ b/pytube/helpers.py
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """Various helper functions implemented by pytube."""
 import functools
 import logging
 import os
 import re
 import warnings
-from typing import TypeVar, Callable, Optional, Dict, List, Any
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import TypeVar
 from urllib import request
 
 from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
diff --git a/pytube/monostate.py b/pytube/monostate.py
index 8d09cec61..10a07e1ab 100644
--- a/pytube/monostate.py
+++ b/pytube/monostate.py
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Optional
 
-from typing import Any, Optional
 from typing_extensions import Protocol
 
 
 class OnProgress(Protocol):
-    def __call__(self, stream: Any, chunk: bytes, bytes_remaining: int) -> None:
+    def __call__(
+        self, stream: Any, chunk: bytes, bytes_remaining: int
+    ) -> None:
         """On download progress callback function.
 
         :param stream:
diff --git a/pytube/query.py b/pytube/query.py
index 1e7819dd1..1c53efaaa 100644
--- a/pytube/query.py
+++ b/pytube/query.py
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """This module provides a query interface for media streams and captions."""
-from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Union
-from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
-
-from pytube import Stream, Caption
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Union
+
+from pytube import Caption
+from pytube import Stream
 from pytube.helpers import deprecated
 
 
@@ -150,12 +154,16 @@ def filter(
 
         if only_audio:
             filters.append(
-                lambda s: (s.includes_audio_track and not s.includes_video_track),
+                lambda s: (
+                    s.includes_audio_track and not s.includes_video_track
+                ),
             )
 
         if only_video:
             filters.append(
-                lambda s: (s.includes_video_track and not s.includes_audio_track),
+                lambda s: (
+                    s.includes_video_track and not s.includes_audio_track
+                ),
             )
 
         if progressive:
@@ -185,10 +193,14 @@ def order_by(self, attribute_name: str) -> "StreamQuery":
             The name of the attribute to sort by.
         """
         has_attribute = [
-            s for s in self.fmt_streams if getattr(s, attribute_name) is not None
+            s
+            for s in self.fmt_streams
+            if getattr(s, attribute_name) is not None
         ]
         # Check that the attributes have string values.
-        if has_attribute and isinstance(getattr(has_attribute[0], attribute_name), str):
+        if has_attribute and isinstance(
+            getattr(has_attribute[0], attribute_name), str
+        ):
             # Try to return a StreamQuery sorted by the integer representations
             # of the values.
             try:
@@ -196,7 +208,9 @@ def order_by(self, attribute_name: str) -> "StreamQuery":
                     sorted(
                         has_attribute,
                         key=lambda s: int(
-                            "".join(filter(str.isdigit, getattr(s, attribute_name)))
+                            "".join(
+                                filter(str.isdigit, getattr(s, attribute_name))
+                            )
                         ),  # type: ignore  # noqa: E501
                     )
                 )
@@ -263,7 +277,9 @@ def get_lowest_resolution(self) -> Optional[Stream]:
 
         """
         return (
-            self.filter(progressive=True, subtype="mp4").order_by("resolution").first()
+            self.filter(progressive=True, subtype="mp4")
+            .order_by("resolution")
+            .first()
         )
 
     def get_highest_resolution(self) -> Optional[Stream]:
@@ -287,7 +303,11 @@ def get_audio_only(self, subtype: str = "mp4") -> Optional[Stream]:
             The :class:`Stream <Stream>` matching the given itag or None if
             not found.
         """
-        return self.filter(only_audio=True, subtype=subtype).order_by("abr").last()
+        return (
+            self.filter(only_audio=True, subtype=subtype)
+            .order_by("abr")
+            .last()
+        )
 
     def otf(self, is_otf: bool = False) -> "StreamQuery":
         """Filter stream by OTF, useful if some streams have 404 URLs
@@ -368,7 +388,9 @@ def __init__(self, captions: List[Caption]):
         """
         self.lang_code_index = {c.code: c for c in captions}
 
-    @deprecated("This object can be treated as a dictionary, i.e. captions['en']")
+    @deprecated(
+        "This object can be treated as a dictionary, i.e. captions['en']"
+    )
     def get_by_language_code(
         self, lang_code: str
     ) -> Optional[Caption]:  # pragma: no cover
diff --git a/pytube/request.py b/pytube/request.py
index 436bfbfb5..ab0b03dcd 100644
--- a/pytube/request.py
+++ b/pytube/request.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """Implements a simple wrapper around urlopen."""
 import logging
 from functools import lru_cache
 from http.client import HTTPResponse
-from typing import Iterable, Dict, Optional
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Optional
 from urllib.request import Request
 from urllib.request import urlopen
 
@@ -12,7 +13,9 @@
 
 
 def _execute_request(
-    url: str, method: Optional[str] = None, headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    url: str,
+    method: Optional[str] = None,
+    headers: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
 ) -> HTTPResponse:
     base_headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"}
     if headers:
@@ -50,7 +53,9 @@ def stream(
     while downloaded < file_size:
         stop_pos = min(downloaded + range_size, file_size) - 1
         range_header = f"bytes={downloaded}-{stop_pos}"
-        response = _execute_request(url, method="GET", headers={"Range": range_header})
+        response = _execute_request(
+            url, method="GET", headers={"Range": range_header}
+        )
         if file_size == range_size:
             try:
                 content_range = response.info()["Content-Range"]
diff --git a/pytube/streams.py b/pytube/streams.py
index 27671fa10..f0c0bdadf 100644
--- a/pytube/streams.py
+++ b/pytube/streams.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """
 This module contains a container for stream manifest data.
 
@@ -8,16 +7,19 @@
 has been renamed to accommodate DASH (which serves the audio and video
 separately).
 """
-
-from datetime import datetime
 import logging
 import os
-from typing import Dict, Tuple, Optional, BinaryIO
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import BinaryIO
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
 from urllib.parse import parse_qs
 
 from pytube import extract
 from pytube import request
-from pytube.helpers import safe_filename, target_directory
+from pytube.helpers import safe_filename
+from pytube.helpers import target_directory
 from pytube.itags import get_format_profile
 from pytube.monostate import Monostate
 
@@ -27,7 +29,9 @@
 class Stream:
     """Container for stream manifest data."""
 
-    def __init__(self, stream: Dict, player_config_args: Dict, monostate: Monostate):
+    def __init__(
+        self, stream: Dict, player_config_args: Dict, monostate: Monostate
+    ):
         """Construct a :class:`Stream <Stream>`.
 
         :param dict stream:
@@ -44,7 +48,9 @@ def __init__(self, stream: Dict, player_config_args: Dict, monostate: Monostate)
         self._monostate = monostate
 
         self.url = stream["url"]  # signed download url
-        self.itag = int(stream["itag"])  # stream format id (youtube nomenclature)
+        self.itag = int(
+            stream["itag"]
+        )  # stream format id (youtube nomenclature)
 
         # set type and codec info
 
@@ -68,8 +74,12 @@ def __init__(self, stream: Dict, player_config_args: Dict, monostate: Monostate)
         itag_profile = get_format_profile(self.itag)
         self.is_dash = itag_profile["is_dash"]
         self.abr = itag_profile["abr"]  # average bitrate (audio streams only)
-        self.fps = itag_profile["fps"]  # frames per second (video streams only)
-        self.resolution = itag_profile["resolution"]  # resolution (e.g.: "480p")
+        self.fps = itag_profile[
+            "fps"
+        ]  # frames per second (video streams only)
+        self.resolution = itag_profile[
+            "resolution"
+        ]  # resolution (e.g.: "480p")
         self.is_3d = itag_profile["is_3d"]
         self.is_hdr = itag_profile["is_hdr"]
         self.is_live = itag_profile["is_live"]
@@ -167,7 +177,9 @@ def filesize_approx(self) -> int:
         """
         if self._monostate.duration and self.bitrate:
             bits_in_byte = 8
-            return int((self._monostate.duration * self.bitrate) / bits_in_byte)
+            return int(
+                (self._monostate.duration * self.bitrate) / bits_in_byte
+            )
 
         return self.filesize
 
@@ -220,7 +232,9 @@ def download(
 
         """
         file_path = self.get_file_path(
-            filename=filename, output_path=output_path, filename_prefix=filename_prefix
+            filename=filename,
+            output_path=output_path,
+            filename_prefix=filename_prefix,
         )
 
         if skip_existing and self.exists_at_path(file_path):
@@ -230,7 +244,9 @@ def download(
 
         bytes_remaining = self.filesize
         logger.debug(
-            "downloading (%s total bytes) file to %s", self.filesize, file_path,
+            "downloading (%s total bytes) file to %s",
+            self.filesize,
+            file_path,
         )
 
         with open(file_path, "wb") as fh:
@@ -257,7 +273,10 @@ def get_file_path(
         return os.path.join(target_directory(output_path), filename)
 
     def exists_at_path(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
-        return os.path.isfile(file_path) and os.path.getsize(file_path) == self.filesize
+        return (
+            os.path.isfile(file_path)
+            and os.path.getsize(file_path) == self.filesize
+        )
 
     def stream_to_buffer(self, buffer: BinaryIO) -> None:
         """Write the media stream to buffer
@@ -276,7 +295,9 @@ def stream_to_buffer(self, buffer: BinaryIO) -> None:
             self.on_progress(chunk, buffer, bytes_remaining)
         self.on_complete(None)
 
-    def on_progress(self, chunk: bytes, file_handler: BinaryIO, bytes_remaining: int):
+    def on_progress(
+        self, chunk: bytes, file_handler: BinaryIO, bytes_remaining: int
+    ):
         """On progress callback function.
 
         This function writes the binary data to the file, then checks if an
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index aef97fe8f..ffba30fbb 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 """This module contains setup instructions for pytube3."""
 import codecs
 import os
+
 from setuptools import setup
 
 here = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 86de07259..bb72f1b3b 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Reusable dependency injected testing components."""
-
 import gzip
 import json
 import os
@@ -57,7 +56,9 @@ def playlist_html():
     """Youtube playlist HTML loaded on 2020-01-25 from
     https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzMcBGfZo4-mP7qA9cagf68V06sko5otr"""
     file_path = os.path.join(
-        os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "mocks", "playlist.html.gz"
+        os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)),
+        "mocks",
+        "playlist.html.gz",
     )
     with gzip.open(file_path, "rb") as f:
         return f.read().decode("utf-8")
@@ -68,7 +69,9 @@ def playlist_long_html():
     """Youtube playlist HTML loaded on 2020-01-25 from
     https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzMcBGfZo4-mP7qA9cagf68V06sko5otr"""
     file_path = os.path.join(
-        os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "mocks", "playlist_long.html.gz"
+        os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)),
+        "mocks",
+        "playlist_long.html.gz",
     )
     with gzip.open(file_path, "rb") as f:
         return f.read().decode("utf-8")
diff --git a/tests/contrib/test_playlist.py b/tests/contrib/test_playlist.py
index 820acb982..5f467ed7c 100644
--- a/tests/contrib/test_playlist.py
+++ b/tests/contrib/test_playlist.py
@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@ def test_title(request_get):
     url = "https://www.fakeurl.com/playlist?list=PLS1QulWo1RIaJECMeUT4LFwJ-ghgoSH6n"
     pl = Playlist(url)
     pl_title = pl.title()
-    assert pl_title == "(149) Python Tutorial for Beginners (For Absolute Beginners)"
+    assert (
+        pl_title
+        == "(149) Python Tutorial for Beginners (For Absolute Beginners)"
+    )
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.contrib.playlist.request.get")
@@ -208,7 +211,9 @@ def test_trimmed_pagination(request_get, playlist_html, playlist_long_html):
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.contrib.playlist.request.get")
-def test_trimmed_pagination_not_found(request_get, playlist_html, playlist_long_html):
+def test_trimmed_pagination_not_found(
+    request_get, playlist_html, playlist_long_html
+):
     url = "https://www.fakeurl.com/playlist?list=whatever"
     request_get.side_effect = [
         playlist_long_html,
diff --git a/tests/generate_fixture.py b/tests/generate_fixture.py
index 844223acc..311c9f967 100755
--- a/tests/generate_fixture.py
+++ b/tests/generate_fixture.py
@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-
 # flake8: noqa: E402
-
-from os import path
-import sys
 import json
+import sys
+from os import path
+
+from pytube import YouTube
 
 currentdir = path.dirname(path.realpath(__file__))
 parentdir = path.dirname(currentdir)
 sys.path.append(parentdir)
 
-from pytube import YouTube
 
 yt = YouTube(sys.argv[1], defer_prefetch_init=True)
 yt.prefetch()
diff --git a/tests/test_captions.py b/tests/test_captions.py
index 3aff89125..72e51feb0 100644
--- a/tests/test_captions.py
+++ b/tests/test_captions.py
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 from unittest import mock
-from unittest.mock import patch, mock_open, MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import mock_open
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 
-from pytube import Caption, CaptionQuery, captions
+from pytube import Caption
+from pytube import CaptionQuery
+from pytube import captions
 
 
 def test_float_to_srt_time_format():
@@ -60,10 +64,17 @@ def test_download(srt):
     with patch("builtins.open", open_mock):
         srt.return_value = ""
         caption = Caption(
-            {"url": "url1", "name": {"simpleText": "name1"}, "languageCode": "en"}
+            {
+                "url": "url1",
+                "name": {"simpleText": "name1"},
+                "languageCode": "en",
+            }
         )
         caption.download("title")
-        assert open_mock.call_args_list[0][0][0].split("/")[-1] == "title (en).srt"
+        assert (
+            open_mock.call_args_list[0][0][0].split("/")[-1]
+            == "title (en).srt"
+        )
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.captions.Caption.generate_srt_captions")
@@ -72,10 +83,17 @@ def test_download_with_prefix(srt):
     with patch("builtins.open", open_mock):
         srt.return_value = ""
         caption = Caption(
-            {"url": "url1", "name": {"simpleText": "name1"}, "languageCode": "en"}
+            {
+                "url": "url1",
+                "name": {"simpleText": "name1"},
+                "languageCode": "en",
+            }
         )
         caption.download("title", filename_prefix="1 ")
-        assert open_mock.call_args_list[0][0][0].split("/")[-1] == "1 title (en).srt"
+        assert (
+            open_mock.call_args_list[0][0][0].split("/")[-1]
+            == "1 title (en).srt"
+        )
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.captions.Caption.generate_srt_captions")
@@ -85,7 +103,11 @@ def test_download_with_output_path(srt):
     with patch("builtins.open", open_mock):
         srt.return_value = ""
         caption = Caption(
-            {"url": "url1", "name": {"simpleText": "name1"}, "languageCode": "en"}
+            {
+                "url": "url1",
+                "name": {"simpleText": "name1"},
+                "languageCode": "en",
+            }
         )
         file_path = caption.download("title", output_path="blah")
         assert file_path == "/target/title (en).srt"
@@ -98,10 +120,17 @@ def test_download_xml_and_trim_extension(xml):
     with patch("builtins.open", open_mock):
         xml.return_value = ""
         caption = Caption(
-            {"url": "url1", "name": {"simpleText": "name1"}, "languageCode": "en"}
+            {
+                "url": "url1",
+                "name": {"simpleText": "name1"},
+                "languageCode": "en",
+            }
         )
         caption.download("title.xml", srt=False)
-        assert open_mock.call_args_list[0][0][0].split("/")[-1] == "title (en).xml"
+        assert (
+            open_mock.call_args_list[0][0][0].split("/")[-1]
+            == "title (en).xml"
+        )
 
 
 def test_repr():
diff --git a/tests/test_cli.py b/tests/test_cli.py
index bdcf0758c..66f117ed3 100644
--- a/tests/test_cli.py
+++ b/tests/test_cli.py
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import argparse
 from unittest import mock
-from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 
-from pytube import cli, StreamQuery, Caption, CaptionQuery
+from pytube import Caption
+from pytube import CaptionQuery
+from pytube import cli
+from pytube import StreamQuery
 from pytube.exceptions import PytubeError
 
 parse_args = cli._parse_args
@@ -179,7 +183,9 @@ def test_main_logging_setup(setup_logger):
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.YouTube", return_value=None)
 def test_main_download_by_itag(youtube):
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-    args = parse_args(parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "--itag=10"])
+    args = parse_args(
+        parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "--itag=10"]
+    )
     cli._parse_args = MagicMock(return_value=args)
     cli.download_by_itag = MagicMock()
     cli.main()
@@ -191,7 +197,8 @@ def test_main_download_by_itag(youtube):
 def test_main_build_playback_report(youtube):
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
     args = parse_args(
-        parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "--build-playback-report"]
+        parser,
+        ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "--build-playback-report"],
     )
     cli._parse_args = MagicMock(return_value=args)
     cli.build_playback_report = MagicMock()
@@ -226,7 +233,9 @@ def test_main_download_caption(youtube):
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.download_by_resolution")
 def test_download_by_resolution_flag(youtube, download_by_resolution):
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-    args = parse_args(parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "-r", "320p"])
+    args = parse_args(
+        parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "-r", "320p"]
+    )
     cli._parse_args = MagicMock(return_value=args)
     cli.main()
     youtube.assert_called()
@@ -284,7 +293,9 @@ def test_download_by_resolution(download, stream, stream_query, youtube):
     stream_query.get_by_resolution.return_value = stream
     youtube.streams = stream_query
     # When
-    cli.download_by_resolution(youtube=youtube, resolution="320p", target="test_target")
+    cli.download_by_resolution(
+        youtube=youtube, resolution="320p", target="test_target"
+    )
     # Then
     download.assert_called_with(stream, target="test_target")
 
@@ -319,12 +330,16 @@ def test_download_stream_file_exists(stream, capsys):
 def test_perform_args_should_ffmpeg_process(ffmpeg_process, youtube):
     # Given
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-    args = parse_args(parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "-f", "best"])
+    args = parse_args(
+        parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "-f", "best"]
+    )
     cli._parse_args = MagicMock(return_value=args)
     # When
     cli._perform_args_on_youtube(youtube, args)
     # Then
-    ffmpeg_process.assert_called_with(youtube=youtube, resolution="best", target=None)
+    ffmpeg_process.assert_called_with(
+        youtube=youtube, resolution="best", target=None
+    )
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.YouTube")
@@ -335,7 +350,9 @@ def test_ffmpeg_process_best_should_download(_ffmpeg_downloader, youtube):
     streams = MagicMock()
     youtube.streams = streams
     video_stream = MagicMock()
-    streams.filter.return_value.order_by.return_value.last.return_value = video_stream
+    streams.filter.return_value.order_by.return_value.last.return_value = (
+        video_stream
+    )
     audio_stream = MagicMock()
     streams.get_audio_only.return_value = audio_stream
     # When
@@ -367,7 +384,9 @@ def test_ffmpeg_process_res_should_download(_ffmpeg_downloader, youtube):
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.YouTube")
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli._ffmpeg_downloader")
-def test_ffmpeg_process_res_none_should_not_download(_ffmpeg_downloader, youtube):
+def test_ffmpeg_process_res_none_should_not_download(
+    _ffmpeg_downloader, youtube
+):
     # Given
     target = "/target"
     streams = MagicMock()
@@ -392,7 +411,9 @@ def test_ffmpeg_process_audio_none_should_fallback_download(
     streams = MagicMock()
     youtube.streams = streams
     stream = MagicMock()
-    streams.filter.return_value.order_by.return_value.last.return_value = stream
+    streams.filter.return_value.order_by.return_value.last.return_value = (
+        stream
+    )
     streams.get_audio_only.return_value = None
     # When
     cli.ffmpeg_process(youtube, "best", target)
@@ -404,7 +425,9 @@ def test_ffmpeg_process_audio_none_should_fallback_download(
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.YouTube")
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli._ffmpeg_downloader")
-def test_ffmpeg_process_audio_fallback_none_should_exit(_ffmpeg_downloader, youtube):
+def test_ffmpeg_process_audio_fallback_none_should_exit(
+    _ffmpeg_downloader, youtube
+):
     # Given
     target = "/target"
     streams = MagicMock()
@@ -463,7 +486,9 @@ def test_ffmpeg_downloader(unique_name, download, run, unlink):
 def test_download_audio_args(youtube, download_audio):
     # Given
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-    args = parse_args(parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "-a", "mp4"])
+    args = parse_args(
+        parser, ["http://youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0", "-a", "mp4"]
+    )
     cli._parse_args = MagicMock(return_value=args)
     # When
     cli.main()
@@ -515,10 +540,16 @@ def test_perform_args_on_youtube(youtube):
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.os.path.exists", return_value=False)
 def test_unique_name(path_exists):
-    assert cli._unique_name("base", "subtype", "video", "target") == "base_video_0"
+    assert (
+        cli._unique_name("base", "subtype", "video", "target")
+        == "base_video_0"
+    )
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.cli.os.path.exists")
 def test_unique_name_counter(path_exists):
     path_exists.side_effect = [True, False]
-    assert cli._unique_name("base", "subtype", "video", "target") == "base_video_1"
+    assert (
+        cli._unique_name("base", "subtype", "video", "target")
+        == "base_video_1"
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_exceptions.py b/tests/test_exceptions.py
index b56e2ff83..3568de53d 100644
--- a/tests/test_exceptions.py
+++ b/tests/test_exceptions.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-from pytube.exceptions import VideoUnavailable, RegexMatchError, LiveStreamError
+from pytube.exceptions import LiveStreamError
+from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
+from pytube.exceptions import VideoUnavailable
 
 
 def test_video_unavailable():
diff --git a/tests/test_extract.py b/tests/test_extract.py
index 6f507097a..24ca4bb06 100644
--- a/tests/test_extract.py
+++ b/tests/test_extract.py
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 """Unit tests for the :module:`extract <extract>` module."""
 import pytest
 
-from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
 from pytube import extract
+from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
 
 
 def test_extract_video_id():
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ def test_info_url(age_restricted):
 
 def test_info_url_age_restricted(cipher_signature):
     video_info_url = extract.video_info_url(
-        video_id=cipher_signature.video_id, watch_url=cipher_signature.watch_url
+        video_id=cipher_signature.video_id,
+        watch_url=cipher_signature.watch_url,
     )
     expected = (
         "https://youtube.com/get_video_info?video_id=9bZkp7q19f0&el=%24el"
@@ -36,7 +37,9 @@ def test_info_url_age_restricted(cipher_signature):
 
 
 def test_js_url(cipher_signature):
-    expected = "https://youtube.com/yts/jsbin/player_ias-vflWQEEag/en_US/base.js"
+    expected = (
+        "https://youtube.com/yts/jsbin/player_ias-vflWQEEag/en_US/base.js"
+    )
     result = extract.js_url(cipher_signature.watch_html)
     assert expected == result
 
@@ -69,7 +72,9 @@ def test_get_vid_desc(cipher_signature):
 
 
 def test_mime_type_codec():
-    mime_type, mime_subtype = extract.mime_type_codec('audio/webm; codecs="opus"')
+    mime_type, mime_subtype = extract.mime_type_codec(
+        'audio/webm; codecs="opus"'
+    )
     assert mime_type == "audio/webm"
     assert mime_subtype == ["opus"]
 
diff --git a/tests/test_helpers.py b/tests/test_helpers.py
index a7e934df8..2bcbb4879 100644
--- a/tests/test_helpers.py
+++ b/tests/test_helpers.py
@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@
 
 from pytube import helpers
 from pytube.exceptions import RegexMatchError
-from pytube.helpers import deprecated, cache, target_directory, setup_logger
+from pytube.helpers import cache
+from pytube.helpers import deprecated
+from pytube.helpers import setup_logger
+from pytube.helpers import target_directory
 
 
 def test_regex_search_no_match():
diff --git a/tests/test_query.py b/tests/test_query.py
index dc4cec836..eb30b1e49 100644
--- a/tests/test_query.py
+++ b/tests/test_query.py
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ def test_order_by(cipher_signature):
     :class:`Stream <Stream>` instances in the expected order.
     """
     itags = [
-        s.itag for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(type="audio").order_by("itag")
+        s.itag
+        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(type="audio").order_by("itag")
     ]
     assert itags == [140, 249, 250, 251]
 
@@ -71,7 +72,9 @@ def test_order_by_descending(cipher_signature):
     # numerical values
     itags = [
         s.itag
-        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(type="audio").order_by("itag").desc()
+        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(type="audio")
+        .order_by("itag")
+        .desc()
     ]
     assert itags == [251, 250, 249, 140]
 
@@ -93,7 +96,9 @@ def test_order_by_ascending(cipher_signature):
     # numerical values
     itags = [
         s.itag
-        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(type="audio").order_by("itag").asc()
+        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(type="audio")
+        .order_by("itag")
+        .asc()
     ]
     assert itags == [140, 249, 250, 251]
 
@@ -101,7 +106,9 @@ def test_order_by_ascending(cipher_signature):
 def test_order_by_non_numerical_ascending(cipher_signature):
     mime_types = [
         s.mime_type
-        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(res="360p").order_by("mime_type").asc()
+        for s in cipher_signature.streams.filter(res="360p")
+        .order_by("mime_type")
+        .asc()
     ]
     assert mime_types == ["video/mp4", "video/mp4", "video/webm"]
 
diff --git a/tests/test_streams.py b/tests/test_streams.py
index 989bc6ea7..92d79e756 100644
--- a/tests/test_streams.py
+++ b/tests/test_streams.py
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
 from pytube import request
-from pytube import Stream, streams
+from pytube import Stream
+from pytube import streams
 
 
 @mock.patch("pytube.streams.request")
@@ -61,7 +62,9 @@ def test_title(cipher_signature):
 
 
 def test_expiration(cipher_signature):
-    assert cipher_signature.streams[0].expiration == datetime(2020, 1, 16, 5, 12, 5)
+    assert cipher_signature.streams[0].expiration == datetime(
+        2020, 1, 16, 5, 12, 5
+    )
 
 
 def test_caption_tracks(presigned_video):