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Project Summary

In this project, we'll introduce you to React by creating a small project from scratch. We'll make use of the create-react-app CLI tool to quickly generate a React boilerplate. The goal of this project is to create a simple interface for creating a list of friends with their name and picture.

Live Example

Click Me!

Setup

  • Fork and clone this repository.
  • Run sudo npm install -g create-react-app.

Step 1

Summary

In this step, we'll use create-react-app to create a React boilerplate.

Instructions

  • cd into the root directory of the project.
  • Run create-react-app ./.
  • Delete the README.md the boilerplate generates and rename README.old.md back to README.md.

Solution

Step 2

Summary

In this step, we'll clear the boilerplate that is made for us in src/App.js.

Instructions

  • Open src/App.js.
  • Inside of the return() statement, replace everything with a single <div> element.

Solution

src/App.js 
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import logo from './logo.svg';
import './App.css';

class App extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div>

      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

Step 3

Summary

In this step, we'll add the necessary elements inside the <div> element for capturing user input.

Instructions

  • Open src/App.js.
  • Inside of the <div> element add two inputs with lables and an Add Friend button:
    • The first input should be for getting a URL to a picture.
    • The second input should be for getting a name.
  • Run npm start to spin up a development server and see your changes.

Solution

src/App.js 
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import logo from './logo.svg';
import './App.css';

class App extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <span>Picture:</span>
        <input />

        <span>Name:</span>
        <input />

        <button>Add Friend</button>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

Step 4

Summary

In this step, we'll initialize state to our src/App.js. The state object will manage a list of friends and also the values for creating a new friend.

Instructions

  • Open src/App.js.
  • Above the render method, add a new method called constructor.
  • Inside the constructor method, invoke super.
    • This allows us to set state.
  • Create a new state object, by using this.state = {}, with the following keys:
    • friends - An empty array.
    • picture - An empty string.
    • name - An empty string.

Solution

src/App.js 
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import logo from './logo.svg';
import './App.css';

class App extends Component {
  constructor() {
    super();

    this.state = {
      friends: [],
      picture: '',
      name: ''
    };
  }
  
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <span>Picture:</span>
        <input />

        <span>Name:</span>
        <input />

        <button>Add Friend</button>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

Step 5

In this step, we'll hook up our input elements to state. In order to do this, we'll need to create a method to update the value of picture and a method to update the value of name on state. In React, you should never update state explicitly. You should always use the built-in method this.setState().

Instructions

  • Open src/App.js.
  • Underneath the constructor method, create a new method called updatePicture:
    • This method should have one parameter: value.
    • This methoud should call this.setState to update picture with the given value.
  • Underneath the updatePicture method, create a new method called updateName:
    • This method should have one parameter: value.
    • This method should call this.setState to update name with the given value.
  • On the first input element:
    • Add an onChange property that captures the event's value and calls updatePicture with that value.
  • On the second input element:
    • Add an onChange property that captures the event's value and calls updateName with that value.

Solution

src/App.js 
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import logo from './logo.svg';
import './App.css';

class App extends Component {
  constructor() {
    super();

    this.state = {
      friends: [],
      picture: '',
      name: ''
    };
  }

  updatePicture( value ) {
    this.setState({ picture: value });
  }

  updateName( value ) {
    this.setState({ name: value });
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <span>Picture:</span>
        <input onChange={ ( e ) => this.updatePicture( e.target.value ) } value={ this.state.picture } />

        <span>Name:</span>
        <input onChange={ ( e ) => this.updateName( e.target.value ) } value={ this.state.name } />

        <button>Add Friend</button>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

Step 6

Summary

In this step, we'll create a method for adding a friend to the friends array on state and clear the values of picture and name on state.

Instructions

  • Open src/App.js.
  • Underneath the updateName method, create a new method called addFriend:
    • This method should use this.setState to add a new friend object to the friends array on state.
      • An example of the friend object would look like: { picture: 'http://via.placeholder.com/50x50', name: 'James Lemire' }
    • This method should use this.setState to clear the values of picture and name on state.
  • Add an onClick property that calls the addFriend method to the button element.
    • You must use an arrow function in order to keep the correct context of this.

Solution

src/App.js 
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import logo from './logo.svg';
import './App.css';

class App extends Component {
  constructor() {
    super();

    this.state = {
      friends: [],
      picture: '',
      name: ''
    };
  }

  updatePicture( value ) {
    this.setState({ picture: value });
  }

  updateName( value ) {
    this.setState({ name: value });
  }

  addFriend() {
    const { friends, picture, name } = this.state;

    let newFriends = friends.slice();
    newFriends.push({ picture, name });

    this.setState({ friends: newFriends, picture: '', name: '' });
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <span>Picture:</span>
        <input onChange={ ( e ) => this.updatePicture( e.target.value ) } value={ this.state.picture } />

        <span>Name:</span>
        <input onChange={ ( e ) => this.updateName( e.target.value ) } value={ this.state.name } />

        <button onClick={ () => this.addFriend() }>Add Friend</button>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

Step 7

In this step, we'll add a way to see our list of friends on the DOM by mapping through the friends array on state.

Instructions

  • Open src/App.js.
  • Just above the return() statement, in the render method, create a new const variable called friends:
    • Map through the friends array on state to render a div element that contains an img and a span element.
    • The img element's src property should equal the value of the friend's picture.
      • Optionally you can control the maximum width/height by using the width/height propertys on the img element.
    • The span element should display the friend's name.
    • Be sure to assign a key on the parent div. This is a requirement from React.
  • Just below the Add Friend button, use {} to break out of JSX, and render the new friends variable.

Solution

src/App.js 
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import logo from './logo.svg';
import './App.css';

class App extends Component {
  constructor() {
    super();

    this.state = {
      friends: [],
      picture: '',
      name: ''
    };
  }

  updatePicture( value ) {
    this.setState({ picture: value });
  }

  updateName( value ) {
    this.setState({ name: value });
  }

  addFriend() {
    const { friends, picture, name } = this.state;

    let newFriends = friends.slice();
    newFriends.push({ picture, name });

    this.setState({ friends: newFriends, picture: '', name: '' });
  }

  render() {
    const friends = this.state.friends.map( ( friend, index ) => (
      <div key={ `friend-${ index }-${ friend.name }` }>
        <img width="100px" src={ friend.picture } />
        <span>{ friend.name }</span>
      </div>
    ));

    return (
      <div>
        <span>Picture:</span>
        <input onChange={ ( e ) => this.updatePicture( e.target.value ) } value={ this.state.picture } />

        <span>Name:</span>
        <input onChange={ ( e ) => this.updateName( e.target.value ) } value={ this.state.name } />

        <button onClick={ () => this.addFriend() }>Add Friend</button>

        { friends }
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

Contributions

If you see a problem or a typo, please fork, make the necessary changes, and create a pull request so we can review your changes and merge them into the master repo and branch.

Copyright

© DevMountain LLC, 2017. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from DevMountain, LLC is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to DevMountain with appropriate and specific direction to the original content.