diff --git a/content/bash-scripting-basics.md b/content/bash-scripting-basics.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..88caccc56b --- /dev/null +++ b/content/bash-scripting-basics.md @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ +--- +title: Bash Scripting Basics +description: > + Creating scripts using Bash. +keywords: + - bash + - script + +facebookImage: /_social/article +twitterImage: /_social/article + +hidden: false +section: about-your-os +tableOfContents: true +--- + +We will be writing a script for [BASH (Bourne Again Shell)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)). There are many different languages and tools to create scripts for your tasks. Some languages are better suited for specific tasks than others. Bash is a great starting point, as it uses the same language as your built in terminal commands that already exist in your Linux OS. + +**NOTE:** This tutorial assumes you are running Pop!_OS or Ubuntu, but the script will work on any Linux/Unix OS with Bash. + +## Creating a working script + +There are 2 important details for writing a Bash script that make it functional. The first is called the [shebang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix)). The shebang tells your OS what scripting language is being used (in this case, we are using Bash). The shebang is usually the first line in the script. + +Open your text editor of choice (I will be using gedit, as it comes with Pop!_OS by default). In the text editor, add the following line to as the very first line in your script: + +``` +#!/usr/bin/env bash +``` + +The line above is the shebang. There are many ways to create scripts, and the shebang will be crucial for the OS to handle your script correctly. + +Let's create a directory to save your scripts. This will keep your Home directory tidy, and also keep a dedicated place for things you are working on. In my case, I have chosen to create a directory named `scripts` in my Home directory. Next, let's save our script that we are writing to this newly created `~/scripts/` directory. You can name this script whatever you like, but for the sake of this tutorial, I am going to name this script `basics.sh`. Note that I gave the file a `.sh` extension. This is not necessary for the script to work, but it will help you as a user know that this is a Bash script because it ends with `.sh`. Other scripting languages use similar naming conventions (Python scripts end with `.py`, or LUA scripts end with `.lua`). + +The second crucial detail for your OS to properly run your script is to make it executable. As of right now, your script is just a regular text file. In order for your OS to run your script, we will need to make this text file executable. This can be done by navigating to our `~/scripts/` directory with our File Manager. Once you locate your script file, right click on the file to bring up with context menu and select "Properties". This will bring up the various details about the file we are looking at. Click on the tab labelled "Permissions". There will be a checkbox labelled "Allow executing file as program". Make sure to check this box. Once this is enabled, the script will be able to run. + +At the moment, the script will do nothing if we decided to execute it, so let's add some commands and then test our script. Open the script and add the following line below your first `shebang` line: + +```bash +echo "The script executed correctly." +``` + +We can now attempt to run our script. Open the terminal from your Application Launcher. I am going to assume that you have followed along and created a directory in your Home directory called `scripts` and that you have named this script `basics.sh` (if you have placed it in a separate directory or named it differently, the steps are the same, but you must substitute the file names and paths). First, we need to navigate in our terminal to our `scripts` directory. Input the following command in your terminal to change directory to `~/scripts`: + +```bash +cd ~/scripts +``` + +You can now run your script by running the following command in your terminal: + +```bash +./basics.sh +``` + +If it worked, your terminal should output the following line: + +`The script executed correctly.` + +Congratulations! You have created a working Bash script. Of course, outputting a single line does not provide much functionality, so we will be doing just that in the next section. + +## Adding functionality + +At this point, our script does one thing: It outputs a single line in our terminal. The script works, but it isn't very useful yet. There are many things you can do with a script, especially once you start combining several commands together. Here are some websites that can be helpful in the search for more commands: + +- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com) +- [AskUbuntu](https://askubuntu.com) + +Once you find commands that you want to add to your script, you can run them in a terminal to test them and see how they work. + +It may also be helpful to read the *manual pages* (often shortened to "man pages") for commands that you're using. To view a command's manual page, simply run `man command` where "command" is substituted for the command you are looking up. To exit the manual page viewer, hit the `q` key. + +### Variables + +Let's start with asking the user for information like their name and favorite color. In order to output this information, we will need to first ask for this input, and then after it is input, we will store the information into a `variable`. Variables can hold values, and can be changed after the variable is created, so you can adjust values later on. + +In our script file, we should have 2 lines already created: the shebang and our `echo` command that outputs a line. Let's change the `echo` command to match the "theme" of our script. Open the script in your text editor and edit the 2nd line with the `echo` command to ask the user for their First Name: + +```bash +echo "What is your first name?" +``` + +Next, we will be using the `read` command to allow the user to input text. The text they enter will be stored in a variable that we can choose the name of. In this case, we will call the variable `firstName`. You can name the variable whatever you would like, but be sure to adjust your script accordingly. In our text editor, create a new line below our first `echo` command and input the following line: + +```bash +read firstName +``` + +If we were to run our script in our terminal, it will first output a line that asks "What is your first name?". It will then sit and wait for the user to input text. Once the user inputs text and presses Enter, the script will end. We have not given the script any commands to use this information that the user has input. Let's add some output that shows what the user has typed in their terminal. Add a new line to your script: + +```bash +echo "Your first name is: $firstName" +``` + +Notice that in order to use our `firstName` variable, we use the `$` in front of it. This will tell our terminal that we intend to use the variable called `firstName`. If I were to run the script, it will ask for my first name. I will input the name "Garrett", and the script will then output the following line: +`Your first name is: Garrett` + +Now, let's add another question to this script. This time, we will ask for the user's favorite color. We will then use the `read` command again to get user input and store it in a variable called `favoriteColor` and then finally output a sentence that shows what the user input: + +```bash +echo "What is your favorite color?" +read favoriteColor +echo "Your favorite color is: $favoriteColor" +``` + +At this point, you should have a working script that asks the user for their name and their favorite color and then reacts to this information by outputting a sentence that reflects this information. The full script at this point should look like this: + +```bash +#!/usr/bin/env bash +echo "What is your first name?" +read firstName +echo "Your first name is: $firstName" +echo "What is your favorite color?" +read favoriteColor +echo "Your favorite color is: $favoriteColor" +``` + +### If-Then Statements + +Sometimes we want different things to happen depending on what inputs/variables are stored. For instance: if a file exists, then do *a*, but if the file does not exist, then do *b*. Or if a number is higher than *x* then do *a*, but if the number is lower than *x*, then do *b*. We can do this with an `if` statement. + +For this, we will be asking the user to input a number. If the number is higher than *x* we will do *a*, but if the number is lower than *x*, we will do *b*. + +Add a new line to your script. We will be making the target number 23, but you can pick any number you want. We will be putting the target number into a variable called `targetNumber`. Add the following line to your script: + +```bash +targetNumber=23 +``` + +We will now ask the user to input a number, and store that number to a variable called `guess`. Add the following lines to your script: + +```bash +echo "Guess the number:" +read guess +``` + +We now need to create and `if` statement to compare the `targetNumber` to the user input `guess` variable. The script will output different sentences depending on whether the user is too low, too high, or if they guess correctly. Add the following lines to your script: + +```bash +if [ $guess == $targetNumber ] +then + echo "You guessed the correct number!" +elif [ $guess -lt $targetNumber ] +then + echo "You guessed lower than the target number." +elif [ $guess -gt $targetNumber ] +then + echo "You guessed higher than the target number." +else + echo "Something went wrong." +fi +``` + +If you run the script, it will ask the user for their name and their favorite color. It will then ask the user to input a number. After the user inputs the number, depending on whether it was lower, higher or correct, the script will dynamically adapt to the user input. + +## Conclusion + +Bash scripting can be very useful in many different cases. I use scripting to automatically create a new work note with the current date as the title of the note document. I also have scripts to open certain applications or change my desktop theme. I have developed scripts to convert audio files to a specific format, or fill out PDF documents quickly. There is a lot to learn, so don't get discouraged or frustrated. Try to keep at it. As you make mistakes, you will learn for the next script you write. There are so many resources to help with your project. I have listed a few places to help with this below. + +## Useful places to find information + +Scripting can get advanced and complicated very quickly. There are numerous resources online for tips, tutorials, and forums to get help. Here are a few places to find ideas: + +- [GNU Bash Manual](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html) +- [Pure BASH Bible - Dylan Araps](https://github.com/dylanaraps/pure-sh-bible) +- [Free Code Camp - Bash Scripting](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/bash-scripting-tutorial-linux-shell-script-and-command-line-for-beginners/) diff --git a/content/boot-menu.md b/content/boot-menu.md index bfaddeefe6..594cb82186 100644 --- a/content/boot-menu.md +++ b/content/boot-menu.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The BIOS or boot menu can be accessed by holding specific keys down during boot. | Model | BIOS key | Boot Menu key | |:-----------------------------------------------------------:|:--------:|:---------------------------------:| -| Laptops:
All Open Firmware models
Pangolin (pang12) | ESC | ESC:
Select `One Time Boot` (Open Firmware)
or `Save & Exit` → `Boot Override`. | +| Laptops:
All Open Firmware models
Pangolin (pang12 and above) | ESC | ESC:
Select `One Time Boot` (Open Firmware)
or `Save & Exit` → `Boot Override`. | | Laptops:
Most proprietary firmware models | F2 | F7 | | Older laptops | Depends on the system | F1 | | Thelio desktops | Del | F8/F11/F12 | diff --git a/content/desktop-environment.md b/content/desktop-environment.md index e89f6a2958..83d31888b1 100644 --- a/content/desktop-environment.md +++ b/content/desktop-environment.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Pop!\_OS and Ubuntu both include the GNOME desktop environment by default. A des You can install an alternative desktop environment using the instructions below. -**NOTE:** be careful when installing other desktop environments, as they may affect the default GNOME desktop (both Ubuntu and Pop). +> **Warning:** Installing other desktop environments may affect the visual style and functionality of the default GNOME desktop (on both Ubuntu and Pop!_OS). If you run into trouble while using an alternative desktop environment, you may wish to revert to the default environment. To ensure the default GNOME desktop environment is installed in Pop!\_OS, install the `pop-desktop` package: @@ -229,14 +229,16 @@ gsettings set org.cinnamon.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen false ### Removing Desktop Environments -If you no longer want to use a desktop environment, it can be removed by using: +If you no longer want to use a desktop environment, it can be removed by using the `sudo apt autoremove --purge` command with the name of the package you originally installed. For example, if you installed LXDE with `sudo apt install lxde`, you can remove it using the following command: ```bash -sudo apt autoremove --purge ... +sudo apt autoremove --purge lxde ``` -For example, to remove KDE: +Some desktop environments (such as KDE) may leave behind additional packages even after uninstalling the original package with the `autoremove` command. To more thoroughly remove packages related to a desktop environment, use a regular expression to remove all packages beginning with the name of the environment followed by a hyphen (for example, `kde-`): + +> **Warning:** Because regular expressions can match packages you don't expect, inspect the list of packages being removed before confirming the operation, and be prepared to reinstall any packages you wish to keep afterwards. ```bash -sudo apt autoremove --purge kde-standard +sudo apt autoremove --purge 'name?(^kde-)' ``` diff --git a/content/difference-between-pop-ubuntu.md b/content/difference-between-pop-ubuntu.md index 061f15721a..53c2366fec 100644 --- a/content/difference-between-pop-ubuntu.md +++ b/content/difference-between-pop-ubuntu.md @@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ While Pop!_OS is designed to be [easy to use](https://www.forbes.com/sites/jason The installer offers encryption out of the box and takes care of setting up your user preferences (language, keyboard layout, installation method). On first use, the installer also makes it easy to select your time zone and integrate any online accounts into your desktop. -![Intel/AMD + NVIDIA](/images/difference-between-pop-ubuntu/intel-amd-nvidia-1904.png) +![Intel/AMD + NVIDIA](/images/difference-between-pop-ubuntu/intel-nvidia-rpi.png) -Pop!_OS comes in two versions: Intel/AMD and NVIDIA. This allows us to include different settings, and the proprietary NVIDIA driver for NVIDIA systems. Ensuring the best performance, and use of CUDA tools is one command away. +Pop!_OS comes in two versions: Intel/AMD and NVIDIA. This allows us to include different settings, and the proprietary NVIDIA driver for NVIDIA systems. Ensuring the best performance, and use of CUDA tools is one command away. Pop!_OS also provides an ISO for the Raspberry Pi 4. ## Privacy @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ With encryption enabled by default, and reporting through Ubuntu disabled, Pop!\ ## Custom Keyboard Shortcuts -After conducting a study of Ubuntu and GNOME keyboard shortcuts, we decided to make some shortcuts more efficient for common user behaviors. The shortcut for switching workspaces, for example, is Super + Arrow Up or Down. +After conducting a study of Ubuntu and GNOME keyboard shortcuts, we decided to make some shortcuts more efficient for common user behaviors. The shortcut for switching workspaces, for example, is Super + Ctrl + Arrow Up or Down. [See all keyboard shortcuts](/articles/pop-keyboard-shortcuts/) ## Default Apps: Slimming down on bloatware @@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ Pop!\_OS is built from Ubuntu repositories, meaning you get the same access to s ## Recovery Partition -The recovery partition on this operating system is a full copy of the Pop!\_OS installation media. It can be used exactly the same as if a live disk copy of Pop!\_OS was booted from a USB drive. The existing operating system can be repaired or reinstalled from the recovery mode. You can either do a refresh install, which allows you to reinstall without losing any user data or data in your Home folder. You can otherwise opt to do a fresh install, which will recreate the partitions and files to reset data. Refresh Installs are only available on a fresh install of either Pop!\_OS 19.04 and newer (18.04 has this feature backpored in lastest releases of the ISO). To learn more about the Recovery Partition read about it [here](/articles/pop-recovery/). +The recovery partition on this operating system is a full copy of the Pop!\_OS installation media. It can be used exactly the same as if a live disk copy of Pop!\_OS was booted from a USB drive. The existing operating system can be repaired or reinstalled from the recovery mode. You can either do a refresh install, which allows you to reinstall without losing any user data or data in your Home folder. You can otherwise opt to do a fresh install, which will recreate the partitions and files to reset data. Refresh Installs are only available on a fresh install of either Pop!\_OS 19.04 and newer (18.04 has this feature backported in lastest releases of the ISO). To learn more about the Recovery Partition read about it [here](/articles/pop-recovery/). diff --git a/content/fix-pvpn-killswitch.md b/content/fix-pvpn-killswitch.md index 789c836d68..44616b4259 100644 --- a/content/fix-pvpn-killswitch.md +++ b/content/fix-pvpn-killswitch.md @@ -21,9 +21,15 @@ tableOfContents: true ProtonVPN's kill switch will disable internet connectivity when you are not connected to a VPN server. This ensures the true IP address if your computer is never leaked to the internet. If the kill switch is set to `Permanent`, then your computer will be unable to connect to the internet, even if ProtonVPN isn't running (i.e., at system start up), the GUI application becomes inaccessible, or if ProtonVPN was improperly removed from the system. -![ProtonVPN Kill Switch](images/fix-pvpn-killswitch/proton-killswitch.png) +![ProtonVPN Settings](images/fix-pvpn-killswitch/ProtonVPN-Settings.png) -> ℹ️ ProtonVPN installs to the entire system; not just for a single user. If ProtonVPN is installed under another user account and has the kill switch enabled, other users will not be able to connect to the internet until ProtonVPN connects to a server. +![ProtonVPN Kill switch](images/fix-pvpn-killswitch/ProtonVPN-Killswitch.png) + +> **NOTE:** ProtonVPN installs to the entire system; not just for a single user. If ProtonVPN is installed under another user account and has the kill switch enabled, other users will not be able to connect to the internet until ProtonVPN connects to a server. + + + ## Permanent Kill Switch Persists After System Refresh Pop!\_OS's [Refresh Install](/articles/pop-recovery) feature is a convenient tool for recovering a broken installation while preserving some of the user's data. diff --git a/content/graphics-switch-pop.md b/content/graphics-switch-pop.md index a0ce1f97b1..abf69d6f47 100644 --- a/content/graphics-switch-pop.md +++ b/content/graphics-switch-pop.md @@ -5,13 +5,9 @@ description: > keywords: - System76 - Pop - - 18.04 - - 19.10 - 20.04 - - 20.10 - - 21.04 - - 21.10 - 22.04 + - 24.04 - NVIDIA - Hybrid - Integrated @@ -28,12 +24,12 @@ tableOfContents: true Many modern laptops with NVIDIA graphics cards have switchable graphics, which allows users to switch their primary GPU between the CPU's integrated graphics processor and the dedicated NVIDIA graphics card. The following System76 laptops have these switchable graphics capabilities: -- Adder WS (addw1, addw2, addw3) +- Adder WS (addw1 and newer) - Bonobo WS (bonw15) - Galago Pro (galp5 - NVIDIA models only) -- Gazelle (gaze14, gaze15, gaze16, gaze17, gaze18) +- Gazelle (gaze14 and newer) - Kudu (kudu6) -- Oryx Pro (oryp4, oryp4-b, oryp5, oryp6, oryp7, oryp8, oryp9, oryp10, oryp11) +- Oryx Pro (oryp4 and newer) - Serval WS (serw13) Pop!\_OS includes utilities for switching between these modes, which you can learn more about below. diff --git a/content/graphics-switch-ubuntu.md b/content/graphics-switch-ubuntu.md index 37a18828b2..37c61d34cf 100644 --- a/content/graphics-switch-ubuntu.md +++ b/content/graphics-switch-ubuntu.md @@ -5,13 +5,9 @@ description: > keywords: - System76 - Ubuntu - - 18.04 - - 19.10 - 20.04 - - 20.10 - - 21.04 - - 21.10 - 22.04 + - 24.04 - NVIDIA - Hybrid - Integrated @@ -27,12 +23,12 @@ tableOfContents: true Many modern laptops with NVIDIA graphics cards have switchable graphics, which allows users to switch their primary GPU between the CPU's integrated graphics processor and the dedicated NVIDIA graphics card. The following System76 laptops have these switchable graphics capabilities: -- Adder WS (addw1, addw2, addw3) +- Adder WS (addw1 and newer) - Bonobo WS (bonw15) - Galago Pro (galp5 - NVIDIA models only) -- Gazelle (gaze14, gaze15, gaze16, gaze17, gaze18) +- Gazelle (gaze14 and newer) - Kudu (kudu6) -- Oryx Pro (oryp4, oryp4-b, oryp5, oryp6, oryp7, oryp8, oryp9, oryp10, oryp11) +- Oryx Pro (oryp4 and newer) - Serval WS (serw13) ## Graphics modes diff --git a/content/guides.md b/content/guides.md index e051bc2104..e23b59673f 100644 --- a/content/guides.md +++ b/content/guides.md @@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ To see ports, keyboard layouts, function keys, and product quickstart guides, fi | Adder WS [(addw1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/addw1/README.html) | Meerkat [(meer5)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/meer5/README.html) | Launch [(launch_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_1/README.html) | | Adder WS [(addw2)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/addw2/README.html) | Meerkat [(meer6)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/meer6/README.html) | Launch [(launch_2)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_2/README.html) | | Adder WS [(addw3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/addw3/README.html) | Meerkat [(meer7)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/meer7/README.html) | Launch Lite [(launch_lite_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_lite_1/README.html) | -| Bonobo WS [(bonw14)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/bonw14/README.html) | Thelio B4 [(thelio-b4)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-b4/README.html) | | Launch Heavy [(launch_heavy_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_heavy_1/README.html) | Thelio Major [(thelio-major-r3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-major-r3/README.html) | -| Bonobo WS [(bonw15)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/bonw15/README.html) | Thelio Major [(thelio-major-b1-b2/r1-r2)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-major-b1-b2-r1-r2/README.html) | -| Darter Pro [(darp6)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp6/README.html) | Thelio Massive B1 [(thelio-massive-b1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-massive-b1.2/README.html) | -| Darter Pro [(darp7)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp7/README.html) | Thelio Mega R1 [(thelio-mega-r1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mega-r1.0/README.html) | -| Darter Pro [(darp8)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp8/README.html) | Thelio Mira R1 [(thelio-mira-r1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mira-r1.0/README.html) | -| Darter Pro [(darp9)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp9/README.html) | Thelio Mira B1 [(thelio-mira-b1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mira-b1.0/README.html) | -| Galago Pro [(galp4)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/galp4/README.html) | Thelio Mira R3 [(thelio-mira-r3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mira-r3/README.html) | -| Galago Pro [(galp5)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/galp5/README.html) | +| Bonobo WS [(bonw14)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/bonw14/README.html) | Meerkat [(meer8)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/meer8/README.html) | Launch Heavy [(launch_heavy_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_heavy_1/README.html) | Thelio Major [(thelio-major-r3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-major-r3/README.html) | +| Bonobo WS [(bonw15)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/bonw15/README.html) | Thelio B4 [(thelio-b4)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-b4/README.html) | +| Darter Pro [(darp6)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp6/README.html) | Thelio Major [(thelio-major-b1-b2/r1-r2)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-major-b1-b2-r1-r2/README.html) | +| Darter Pro [(darp7)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp7/README.html) | Thelio Massive B1 [(thelio-massive-b1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-massive-b1.2/README.html) | +| Darter Pro [(darp8)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp8/README.html) | Thelio Mega R1 [(thelio-mega-r1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mega-r1.0/README.html) | +| Darter Pro [(darp9)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/darp9/README.html) | Thelio Mira R1 [(thelio-mira-r1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mira-r1.0/README.html) | +| Galago Pro [(galp4)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/galp4/README.html) | Thelio Mira B1 [(thelio-mira-b1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mira-b1.0/README.html) | +| Galago Pro [(galp5)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/galp5/README.html) | Thelio Mira R3 [(thelio-mira-r3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/thelio-mira-r3/README.html) | | Galago Pro [(galp6)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/galp6/README.html) | | Galago Pro [(galp7)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/galp7/README.html) | | Gazelle [(gaze15)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/gaze15/README.html) | @@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ To see ports, keyboard layouts, function keys, and product quickstart guides, fi | Lemur Pro [(lemp9)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/lemp9/README.html) | | Lemur Pro [(lemp10)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/lemp10/README.html) | | Lemur Pro [(lemp11)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/lemp11/README.html) | +| Lemur Pro [(lemp12)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/lemp12/README.html) | | Oryx Pro [(oryp6)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/oryp6/README.html) | | Oryx Pro [(oryp7)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/oryp7/README.html) | | Oryx Pro [(oryp8)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/oryp8/README.html) | @@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ To see ports, keyboard layouts, function keys, and product quickstart guides, fi | Pangolin [(pang11)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/pang11/README.html) | | Pangolin [(pang12)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/pang12/README.html) | | Pangolin [(pang13)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/pang13/README.html) | +| Pangolin [(pang14)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/pang14/README.html) | | Serval WS [(serw12)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/serw12/README.html) | | Serval WS [(serw13)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/serw13/README.html) | diff --git a/content/hardware-failure.md b/content/hardware-failure.md index 1404a4c269..b9c8b5b82e 100644 --- a/content/hardware-failure.md +++ b/content/hardware-failure.md @@ -153,10 +153,16 @@ Now we'll compile it: make ``` -And now we can run it like so (this example will run it for 60 minutes/1 hour): +For NVIDIA **RTX** GPUs we can use Tensor cores to run it like so (this example will run it for 60 minutes/1 hour): ```bash -./gpu_burn -d 3600 +./gpu_burn -tc 3600 +``` + +For NVIDIA **GTX** GPUs run it like so (this example will run it for 60 minutes/1 hour): + +```bash +./gpu_burn 3600 ``` ## Test CPU thermals diff --git a/content/install-ubuntu.md b/content/install-ubuntu.md index 2a70d5cb18..06ead8f1e5 100644 --- a/content/install-ubuntu.md +++ b/content/install-ubuntu.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ description: > Full instructions on installing Ubuntu your computer. keywords: - Ubuntu - - Ubuntu 22.04 + - Ubuntu 24.04 - LTS - Restore - Reinstall @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tableOfContents: true ## Important Disclaimer - Please Read -Ubuntu releases beyond 22.04 are not fully tested, but certain packages are made available in the system76-dev/stable PPA on Launchpad. +Ubuntu releases beyond 24.04 are not fully tested, but certain packages are made available in the system76-dev/stable PPA on Launchpad. > **NOTE: Oryx Pro (oryp2) Touchpad** On our second generation Oryx Pro (oryp2), the System76 driver is required for the touchpad. Please use the keyboard or an external mouse for the initial install steps and until the driver is installed. @@ -35,17 +35,15 @@ If your recently upgraded system does not boot, it can often be recovered. If y ## Create Install Media -First, you'll need to create bootable media you can restore or install Ubuntu with. +First, you'll need to create bootable USB you can restore or install Ubuntu with. -Create an Installation USB | Create an Installation DVD ---------------------------------- | --------------------------- -[Using Ubuntu](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu) | [Using Ubuntu](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/burn-a-dvd-on-ubuntu) -[Using Windows](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows) | [Using Windows](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/burn-a-dvd-on-windows) -[Using Mac OS X](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx) | [Using Mac OS X](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/burn-a-dvd-on-mac-osx) +- [Using Ubuntu](https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu#1-overview) +- [Using Windows](https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#1-overview) +- [Using macOS](https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/create-a-usb-stick-on-macos#1-overview) -### Boot From Install Media +### Boot From Install USB -Once you have the disk made, reboot your system. You'll need to tell the computer to boot from the Live Disk by accessing the Boot Menu using the key combos in this [article](/articles/bootloader). +Once you have the disk made, reboot your system. You'll need to tell the computer to boot from the Live Disk by accessing the Boot Menu using the key combos in this [article](/articles/bootloader). Once you see the GRUB screen, select **Try or Install Ubuntu** by pressing the Enter key. -![grub](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-grub.png) +![grub](/images/install-ubuntu/GRUB-2.12.png) -Once Ubuntu starts, you will be asked to **Try Ubuntu without installing** or to **Install Ubuntu**. If you are attempting to restore a broken operating system, please choose **Try Ubuntu**. +### Language and Keyboard layout + +Once Ubuntu starts and the installer auto-launches, you will be asked to select your language, any accessibility features that you may need, your keyboard layout, and network connectivity. + +![Language](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-1.png) + +![Keyboard Layout](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-3.png) + +Next, you will be asked to **Try Ubuntu without installing** or to **Install Ubuntu**. If you are attempting to restore a broken operating system, please choose **Try Ubuntu**. + +If all of your files are backed up, or if you are installing from scratch, pick the **Install Ubuntu** option to continue with the installation. + +>**IMPORTANT NOTE:** System76 recommends [backing up all important files from your computer](https://support.system76.com/articles/backup-files). The Ubuntu installation process will wipe any data on the drive that is selected for the installation. + +![Try or Install](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-5.png) ->**IMPORTANT NOTE:** System76 recommends [backing up all important files from your computer](https://support.system76.com/articles/backup-files). The restore process is designed to leave your files intact, but it's best to be safe in case something goes wrong. Next, double-click on the **Install Ubuntu** icon on the desktop. +When asked how you'd like to install, choose the **Interactive installation** type to enter your preferences through the GUI. -![Try or Install](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-install-try-install.png) +![Type of Installation](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-6.png) ->**NOTE:** You may or may not see the screen pictured above. Your system may boot directly to the screen pictured below: +The **Default selection** of applications will suffice for most installations, while the **Extended selection** includes additional apps such as the LibreOffice suite and more. Those applications can be installed once the installation is finished if the **Default selection** is used instead. -![Try or Install 2](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-1.png) +![Applications](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-7.png) -If all of your files are backed up, or if you are installing from scratch, pick the **Install Ubuntu** option to continue with the installation. Please check the box labeled **Download updates while installing Ubuntu** to ensure that your new installation is fully up to date once the installation is complete. +Next, you will be asked whether to install several categories of proprietary software. Let's break down what each of the options offer in regards to hardware and software support: -![Download Updates](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-install-screen2.png) +- **Install third-party software for graphics and Wi-Fi hardware** + +This installs proprietary (non-free) drivers to provide the best Wi-Fi/Bluetooth and GPU support (mainly for NVIDIA graphics, as AMD and Intel graphics are supported natively by the Linux kernel). + +- **Download and install support for additional media formats** + +This installs packages for playing media files such as MP3, MP4, and other formats that may require non-free codecs. + +![Download Updates](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-8.png) ## Install Ubuntu +### Disk setup + Option | Action ------------------ | ---------------- -**Upgrade** | To preserve everything in the `/home` directory and attempt to restore Ubuntu to a working condition. This option can also be used to upgrade Ubuntu to the version currently on the bootable media. Choose this option if you would like to repair your OS. This is the least destructive of the options. -**Erase Ubuntu** | To erase only the partitions related to Ubuntu. Choose this option if you would like to preserve an existing installation of Windows or another operating system, while still reinstalling Ubuntu. -**Install Ubuntu Alongside** | To allow you to add an additional operating system to your computer. Choose this option if you already have an operating system, such as Windows or another version of Linux, and would like to also install Ubuntu. Please note that the existing operating system's partition will need to be reduced before installing Ubuntu in the extra space. -**Erase Disk** | To erase everything on the hard drive and install Ubuntu. The is the most destructive of the options, and will guarantee a clean slate. This option also has to be selected if you would like to encrypt the entire drive. When encrypting the drive, select **Use LVM with the new Ubuntu Installation** option for flexibility with partitions later. -**Something Else** | To do a manual installation of the partitions. This can be used to customize the partition or put certain directories on separate partitions or disks. - -### Language and Keyboard layout - -![Keyboard Layout](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-2.png) +**Install Ubuntu alongside...** | To allow you to add an additional operating system to your computer. Choose this option if you already have an operating system, such as Windows or another version of Linux, and would like to also install Ubuntu. The existing operating system's partition size will need to be reduced before installing Ubuntu in the extra space. This option won't show up if you don't have an existing OS installed that is compatible with this feature. +**Erase disk and install Ubuntu** | To erase everything on the hard drive and install Ubuntu. The is the most destructive of the options, and will guarantee a clean slate. This option also has to be selected if you would like to encrypt the entire drive. To encrypt the drive, select **Advanced features...** and then choose **Use LVM and encryption**. +**Manual installation** | To do a manual installation of the partitions. This can be used to customize the partition layout and put specific directories on separate partitions or disks. -### Installation type +![Installation Type](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-9.png) -![Installation Type](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-3.png) +#### Advanced Features -### Advanced Features +![Advanced Features](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-9-a.png) -![Advanced Features](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-3.5.png) +#### Disk encryption -### Disk encryption +![Disk Encryption](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-9-b.png) -![Disk Encryption](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-3.6.png) +### User creation -### Write changes to the drive/disk +This is when you will create your first user account for your new installation of Ubuntu. -![Write to Disk](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-3.7.png) +![User Creation](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-10.png) ### Location -![Location](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-5.png) +This option will set your timezone. -This option will effect your timezone. +![Location](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-11.png) -### User creation +### Write changes to disk -![User Creation](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-6.png) +This is the last chance to cancel the installation without affecting any preexisting data on your storage drive(s). -This is when you will create your first user in your new install of Ubuntu. +![Write to Disk](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-12.png) ### Slideshow -![Slideshow](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-22.04-7.png) +While the system is installing, this page will show you a few of the preinstalled applications and what they are used for, as well as ways to get involved with the Ubuntu community. -This section of the installation will show you a few of the preinstalled applications and what they are used for and how to get involved. +![Slideshow](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-13.png) ### Restart -![Restart](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-8.png) - Once the installation is finished, the system will prompt you to reboot. -### Remove Install Media +![Restart](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-24.04-14.png) -![Remove Install Media](/images/install-ubuntu/install-ubuntu-21.04-9.png) +### Remove Install Media Before completing the reboot, the system will prompt you to make sure the install media has been removed. +## First Boot + ### Decrypt Drive -![Decryption Screen](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-decryption-screen.png) +If you chose to encrypt your drive, this screen will be shown on reboot. Enter the decryption passphrase and press Enter. -If you chose to encrypt your drive, this screen will be shown on reboot. Enter the decryption passphrase, and press ENTER +![Decryption Screen](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-24.04-decryption-screen.png) ### Login Screen -![Login Screen 1](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-login-screen-1.png) +Select your user from the login screen and enter your user account's password, then press Enter. -![Login Screen 2](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-login-2.png) +![Login Screen 1](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-24.04-login-screen-1.png) -Select your User from the login screen and enter your user passphrase. +![Login Screen 2](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-24.04-login-screen-2.png) -### Online Accounts +On the first login, the system will automatically display a wizard to select some additional settings. -![Online Accounts](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-online-accounts.png) +### Ubuntu Pro -Ubuntu asks users if they would like to sign into online accounts after the first login. This can be done now, or later, in Settings. +Canonical offers Ubuntu Pro for free on up to 5 machines, but it is not required to use Ubuntu and its features, and it does not change the user experience. -### Telemetry +![Ubuntu Pro](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-24.04_initial-setup-2.png) -![Telemetry](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-21.04-telemetry.png) +### Telemetry Canonical asks you if you would like to send some system information to them to improve Ubuntu. Opting in or out of this option will not affect your Ubuntu features or experience. -### Ready to Go +![Telemetry](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-24.04_initial-setup-3.png) -![Ready](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-ready-to-go.png) +### Ready to Go Congratulations, Ubuntu is now installed on your system! -### Available Updates - -Often, after a fresh install some packages will have been updated since the ISO file was created. If there are new updates available you'll see a dialogue box pop up like this: +![Ready](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-24.04_initial-setup-4.png) -![Updates Available](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-21.04-new-updates.png) - -You can opt to install the updates later, or install them now by clicking **Install Now.** - -Installing the updates will produce this screen asking for an administrative user's password: - -![Authorization](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-21.04-installing-updates.png) +### Available Updates -The system will display the progress of updates through this screen: +Often after a fresh install, some packages will have been updated since the ISO file was created. If there are new updates available, you'll see a dialogue box like this pop up: -![Updates in Progress](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-21.04-updates-in-progress.png) +![Updates Available](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater.png) -And often will prompt for a restart once complete: +You can opt to install the updates later, or install them now by clicking **Install Now.** You may be prompted to reboot after the updates have finished installing. -![Updates Complete](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-21.04-updates-finished.png) +![Updates Complete](/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater-finished.png) ### Install System76 Driver -Once you've reinstalled Ubuntu, you'll need to download and install the System76 Driver. Open the Terminal (search Terminal from the Ubuntu () dash or press Ctrl+Alt+T), then enter the following commands: +Once you've installed Ubuntu, you'll need to download and install the System76 Driver. Open the Terminal and run the following commands. For using the Terminal, refer to our [Linux Terminal Basics article](/articles/terminal-basics). ```bash sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:system76-dev/stable diff --git a/content/laptop-battery-thresholds.md b/content/laptop-battery-thresholds.md index 2acc893d0a..6fe350b2f5 100644 --- a/content/laptop-battery-thresholds.md +++ b/content/laptop-battery-thresholds.md @@ -98,4 +98,4 @@ To adjust the thresholds, reboot the computer and enter the UEFI setup utility b Once configured, save and exit the setup utility. The thresholds can be disabled at any time by setting FlexiCharger back to Disabled. -**Note:** The pang12 and pang13 do not support FlexiCharging. +**Note:** The pang12, pang13 and pang14 do not support FlexiCharging. diff --git a/content/launch-keyboard.md b/content/launch-keyboard.md index ae30f2eff6..d90b80c016 100644 --- a/content/launch-keyboard.md +++ b/content/launch-keyboard.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ The Launch keyboard uses a System76 version of [QMK firmware](https://github.com ## Layers -The core idea of "Layers" is that one key can be used for different actions. For example, on our laptops, holding the Fn then pressing the F5 will lower the volume. Pressing F5 on it's own will perform a different action, like refreshing a web page in the browser. You can read more about layers [here](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/feature_layers). +The core idea of "Layers" is that one key can be used for different actions. For example, on our laptops, holding the Fn then pressing the F5 will lower the volume. Pressing F5 on its own will perform a different action, like refreshing a web page in the browser. You can read more about layers [here](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/feature_layers). ## Firmware Updates @@ -73,5 +73,7 @@ We have documentation that goes over changing the keycaps, switches, and more on - [Launch (launch_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_1/repairs.html) - [Launch (launch_2)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_2/repairs.html) +- [Launch (launch_3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_3/repairs.html) - [Launch Lite (launch_lite_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_lite_1/repairs.html) - [Launch Heavy (launch_heavy_1)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_heavy_1/repairs.html) +- [Launch Heavy (launch_heavy_3)](https://tech-docs.system76.com/models/launch_heavy_3/repairs.html) diff --git a/content/launch_2-firmware-update.md b/content/launch_2-firmware-update.md index de51276c23..9381d409bc 100644 --- a/content/launch_2-firmware-update.md +++ b/content/launch_2-firmware-update.md @@ -76,4 +76,4 @@ Future updates will now be done with the firmware manager in Pop!\_OS or Ubuntu, ## Getting help -If this does not work, please open a [support case](https://support.system76.com/) for for your keyboard. Factory updates to firmware done via ISP cable can be arranged. +If this does not work, please open a [support case](https://support.system76.com/) for your keyboard. Factory updates to firmware done via ISP cable can be arranged. diff --git a/content/package-manager-ubuntu.md b/content/package-manager-ubuntu.md index 357c2e12cf..cfa5b21678 100644 --- a/content/package-manager-ubuntu.md +++ b/content/package-manager-ubuntu.md @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ If the Terminal returns nothing, no packages are held. If the Ubuntu Store indicates that some remote repositories can't be reached, open Software & Updates and look in the **Extra Sources** page for the broken repository. Either disable or remove the repository, or search for the software vendor to determine what has happened to their software server. Sometimes the version of the repo (xenial, bionic, focal, groovy, etc) needs changed to match the current version of the operating system. -## Snap Pacakges +## Snap Packages Snaps are designed to update themselves as needed, but if you'd like to manually update the Snaps on your Ubuntu system, run these commands: diff --git a/content/password.md b/content/password.md index dd98c71684..51a356071e 100644 --- a/content/password.md +++ b/content/password.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ --- -title: Change User Password +title: Change User Password and LUKS Passphrase description: > Forgot your main password? Locked out of your computer? Need to change your encryption passphrase? Follow these instructions to change both! keywords: @@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ section: software tableOfContents: true --- +## Changing user password + If you can't log into your computer, you can follow these instructions to reset the password for any user. Pop!_OS and Ubuntu allow for the root user to reset the password for any user account. In order to get to the root user, we need to restart the computer and use what's called "single user mode", which is the low level repair system for the computer. -## Pop!_OS 18.04 and Later +### Pop!_OS 18.04 and Later On a fresh install Pop!_OS 18.04 and later, systemd-boot is used rather than GRUB. Please follow these instructions to reset your password. If your operating system is anything other than Pop!_OS 18.04 and later, please use the [GRUB](#grub) section. @@ -28,15 +30,15 @@ First, bring up the systemd-boot menu by holding down SPACE or ![systemd-boot](/images/password/systemd-boot.png) -Once the recovery operating system boots, close out of the installation window or choose **“try demo mode”** (be sure not to choose any install or repair options, as this could result in data loss). +Once the live disk boots move to a new workspace, to do this on Ubuntu use the Activities button in the top left and on Pop!\_OS use the Workspaces button in the top left (be sure not to choose any install or repair options in the installer window, as this could result in data loss). -## Ubuntu +### Ubuntu If you are using Ubuntu we can boot from a live disk and [here](/articles/live-disk) are instructions for creating the live disk. Once the live disk has been created refer to this [article](/articles/boot-menu) for booting from the live disk. -## Mounting the Installed OS +#### Mounting the Installed OS -Press /+T to open a terminal, and type in these commands: +On Pop!\_OS press +T or on Ubuntu press +Alt+T to open a terminal, and type in these commands: ```bash lsblk @@ -84,4 +86,52 @@ exit reboot ``` -Now, enter the original passphrase. Here you will be prompted for the new passphrase, and then to confirm the new passphrase. +## Changing LUKS passphrase + +If you would like to change the password on a LUKS encrypted partition, run this command (replace the example partition with your root partition): + +```bash +cryptsetup luksChangeKey /dev/sda3 -S 0 +``` + +Enter the original pass-phrase, and follow the prompts for the new pass-phrase ( and to confirm the new pass-phrase). + +## Adding LUKS passphrases + +Full Disk Encryption supports up to 8 total pass-phrases to unlock the encryption. This is useful if you would like to allow more than a single user to unlock the encryption and not share a pass-phrase. The default pass-phrase is in slot 0, with space for additional pass-phrases in slots 1 through 7 (for a total of 8). + +### List Partitions + +First let's list the partitions of all of the installed drives: + +```bash +lsblk -o name,mountpoints +``` + +The output may be different based on the drive setup and partition table. You can see the root partition at mountpoint '/'. From there we can use that output to run this command: + +```bash +sudo cryptsetup luksDump /dev/sda3 +``` + +Replacing '/dev/sda3' with the location of the root partition on your system. With the output of this command we can see the seven extra slots that we have for passwords to decrypt the drive. On a normal install Slot 0 is the initial passphrase and you can add up to 6 more for a total of 7. + +#### Set Extra Password + +Following the partition scheme from the previous command we can form the next command to add a new key to the open Key Slot: + +```bash +sudo cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/sda3 +``` + +This command will require the current encryption password before new password can be added. + +#### Confirm The Password + +Let's run this command again to confirm that the additional pass-phrase is set: + +```bash +sudo cryptsetup luksDump /dev/sda3 +``` + +You should see that Key Slot 1 is now enabled so this confirms the new pass-phrase is set. diff --git a/content/pop-recovery.md b/content/pop-recovery.md index 2df6394dd2..2415c4a900 100644 --- a/content/pop-recovery.md +++ b/content/pop-recovery.md @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ The EFI partition is the next partition to be mounted. To help identify it, this | ```sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi``` | ```sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/efi``` | ```bash -for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done +for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -R $i /mnt$i; done sudo chroot /mnt ``` diff --git a/content/pop-shell.md b/content/pop-shell.md index 8a7a200391..3a348d6269 100644 --- a/content/pop-shell.md +++ b/content/pop-shell.md @@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ tableOfContents: true #### For Ubuntu-Based Distros -In order to build Pop Shell from source, we'll first need to install the build dependencies and git to clone the repository: +In order to build Pop Shell from source, we'll first need to install the build dependencies, git to clone the repository, and the Extensions app to provide a GUI for enabling/disabling extensions and changing advanced extension settings: ```bash -sudo apt install git node-typescript make +sudo apt install git node-typescript make gnome-shell-extension-prefs ``` **Note:** these instructions assume an Ubuntu-based distro; other distributions (see examples below) will use different package managers, and may have different package names. diff --git a/content/rocm.md b/content/rocm.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..572ae9fc8e --- /dev/null +++ b/content/rocm.md @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +--- +title: Install ROCm +description: > + Instructions for setting up ROCm for HIP & OpenCL workloads on AMD GPUs +keywords: + - AMD + - ROCm + - ROCr + - ROCt + - ROCk + - Radeon Open Compute + - HIP + - OpenCL + +facebookImage: /_social/article +twitterImage: /_social/article + +hidden: false +section: software +tableOfContents: true +--- + +AMD GPUs use [HIP](https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/HIP/en/latest/) (Heterogeneous-Compute Interface for Portability) and [OpenCL](https://www.khronos.org/opencl/) (Open Computing Language) to run compute workloads, similar to CUDA on NVIDIA GPUs. In order to use HIP and OpenCL, [ROCm](https://www.amd.com/en/products/software/rocm.html) (the Radeon Open Compute modules) must be installed. The ROCm package interfaces with the AMDGPU driver built into the default Pop!\_OS kernel, and does not require installing any DKMS packages. + +The below instructions correspond with the necessary steps from [AMD's installation documentation for Ubuntu](https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/install-on-linux/en/latest/how-to/native-install/ubuntu.html). + +## Installation on Pop!\_OS 22.04 + +First, add AMD's official ROCm repository to the system and set the appropriate apt pin priority using the below commands: + +``` +wget https://repo.radeon.com/rocm/rocm.gpg.key -O - | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/keyrings/rocm.gpg > /dev/null +echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/rocm.gpg] https://repo.radeon.com/rocm/apt/6.1 jammy main" | sudo tee --append /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rocm.list +echo -e 'Package: *\nPin: release o=repo.radeon.com\nPin-Priority: 600' | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/rocm-pin-600 +``` + +Next, update the package lists and install the `rocm` package: + +``` +sudo apt update +sudo apt install rocm +``` + +Finally, add the current user to the `render` group so the user has permission to run compute workloads: + +``` +sudo usermod -a -G render $USER +``` + +It will be necessary to restart any applications utilizing ROCm before they will detect the GPU(s). If in doubt, reboot the system to ensure the new group membership takes effect. + +### Testing the Installation + +To check if ROCm is installed, run the `rocminfo` command. The output should list the ROCm-compatible GPUs (which may also include CPU-integrated graphics) present in the system: + +``` +system76@pop-os:~$ rocminfo +ROCk module is loaded +... +========== +HSA Agents +========== +******* +Agent 1 +******* + Name: AMD Ryzen 7 6800U with Radeon Graphics + Uuid: CPU-XX + Marketing Name: AMD Ryzen 7 6800U with Radeon Graphics + Vendor Name: CPU +... + Device Type: CPU +... +******* +Agent 2 +******* + Name: gfx1035 + Uuid: GPU-XX + Marketing Name: AMD Radeon Graphics + Vendor Name: AMD +... + Device Type: GPU +... +*** Done *** +system76@pop-os:~$ +``` + +### Blender Compatibility + +The default Blender `.deb` package in Pop!\_OS 22.04, which is provided by Ubuntu, does not support HIP workloads. The Blender flatpak package may be unable to properly detect the GPU(s) due to sandboxing restrictions. Therefore, for GPU rendering with HIP in Blender, it's recommended to [download Blender directly from blender.org](https://www.blender.org/). (After extracting the `.tar.xz` file, simply double-click the `blender` executable to run the program.) diff --git a/content/touchpad.md b/content/touchpad.md index de0a808da5..b7ba3015a0 100644 --- a/content/touchpad.md +++ b/content/touchpad.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ section: hardware tableOfContents: true --- -On most System76 laptops, press Fn+F1 to turn your laptop touchpad on/off. On the Pangolin (pang12), press Fn+F6. +On most System76 laptops, press Fn+F1 to turn your laptop touchpad on/off. On some Pangolin models (pang12, pang13, pang14), press Fn+F6. To configure your touchpad, press the Super key (/), then type Mouse & Touchpad and click on the result. diff --git a/content/webcam.md b/content/webcam.md index f09f5d158c..784e1d96fb 100644 --- a/content/webcam.md +++ b/content/webcam.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ tableOfContents: true If you can’t see the image from your webcam or you receive a "No device found!" error when you try to use it, ensure that it's not toggled off. - On most System76 laptops, press Fn+F10 to toggle the camera on, then restart the application using the webcam (such as Cheese). -- On some Pangolin models (pang12 and pang13), there is a physical switch on the left side of the computer (while facing the screen). Ensure the switch is switched on, then restart the application using the webcam (such as Cheese). +- On some Pangolin models (pang12, pang13 and pang14), there is a physical switch on the left side of the computer (while facing the screen). Ensure the switch is switched on, then restart the application using the webcam (such as Cheese). - The Pangolin models with a physical webcam switch do not have a webcam toggle key combination. ![Cheese](/images/webcam/cheese.png) diff --git a/content/windows.md b/content/windows.md index 6891dc0a0b..a40ef6fb62 100644 --- a/content/windows.md +++ b/content/windows.md @@ -45,70 +45,36 @@ Installing Windows is undertaken at your own risk. It's possible not all hardwar --- | Laptop Model | Windows 10 Support | Windows 11 Support | | ------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | -| addw1 | Yes | Yes | -| addw2 | Yes | No | -| addw3 | Yes | Yes | -| bonw14 | Yes | No | -| bonw15 | Yes | Yes | -| darp6 | Yes | No | -| darp7 | Yes | No | -| darp8 | Yes | No | -| darp9 | Yes | Yes | -| galp4 | Yes | No | -| galp5 | Yes | No | -| galp6 | Yes | No | -| galp7 | Yes | Yes | -| gaze15 | Yes | No | -| gaze16 | Yes | No | -| gaze17 | Yes | No | -| gaze18 | Yes | Yes | -| lemp9 | Yes | No | -| lemp10 | Yes | No | -| lemp11 | Yes | No | -| lemp12 | Yes | Yes | -| oryp6 | Yes | No | -| oryp7 | Yes | No | -| oryp8 | Yes | No | -| oryp9 | Yes | No | -| oryp10 | Yes | No | -| oryp11 | Yes | Yes | -| pang10 | Yes | Yes | -| pang11 | Yes | Yes | -| pang12 | Yes | Yes | -| serw12 | Yes | Yes | -| serw13 | Yes | Yes | +| Adder WS (addw1) | Yes | Yes | +| Adder WS (addw2) | Yes | No | +| Adder WS (addw3) | Yes | Yes | +| Bonobo WS (bonw14) | Yes | No | +| Bonobo WS (bonw15) | Yes | Yes | +| Darter Pro (darp8 and older) | Yes | No | +| Darter Pro (darp9 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Galago Pro (galp6 and older) | Yes | No | +| Galago Pro (galp7 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Gazelle (gaze17 and older) | Yes | No | +| Gazelle (gaze18 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Lemur Pro (lemp11 and older) | Yes | No | +| Lemur Pro (lemp12 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Oryx Pro (oryp10 and older) | Yes | No | +| Oryx Pro (oryp11 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Pangolin (pang10 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Serval WS (serw12 and newer) | Yes | Yes | | Desktop Model | Windows 10 Support | Windows 11 Support | | ----------------- | ------------------ | ------------------ | -| meer5 | Yes | Yes | -| meer6 | Yes | Yes | -| meer7 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-r1 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-r2 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-r3 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-b1 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-b2 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-b3 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-b4 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-b5 | Yes | Yes | -| thelio-mira-r1 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mira-r2 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mira-r3 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mira-b1 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mira-b2 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mira-b3 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mira-b4 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-r1 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-r2 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-r3 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-r4 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-b1 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-b2 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-b3 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-major-b4 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mega-r1 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-mega-r2 | Yes | Yes* | -| thelio-massive-b1 | Yes | Yes* | +| Meerkat (meer5 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Thelio (thelio-r1 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Thelio (thelio-b1 and newer) | Yes | Yes | +| Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-r1 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | +| Thelio Mira (thelio-mira-b1 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | +| Thelio Major (thelio-major-r1 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | +| Thelio Major (thelio-major-b1 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | +| Thelio Mega (thelio-mega-r1 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | +| Thelio Massive (thelio-massive-b1 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | +| Thelio Spark (thelio-spark-b1-n2 and newer) | Yes | Yes* | \* For desktop computers you will want to confirm you have an 8th Gen Intel Core Processor or 2000 Ryzen AMD Processor, and that you have TPM enabled in the UEFI settings. diff --git a/layouts/default.vue b/layouts/default.vue index 8c70cc7424..d5136ce267 100644 --- a/layouts/default.vue +++ b/layouts/default.vue @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ diff --git a/shell.nix b/shell.nix new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bb0ad9606d --- /dev/null +++ b/shell.nix @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +{ pkgs ? import {} }: + pkgs.mkShell { + nativeBuildInputs = with pkgs; [ + nodejs-18_x + nodePackages.npm + ]; +} diff --git a/static/images/difference-between-pop-ubuntu/intel-amd-nvidia-1904.png b/static/images/difference-between-pop-ubuntu/intel-amd-nvidia-1904.png deleted file mode 100644 index 3a7a57b80b..0000000000 Binary files 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http://support.system76.com/images/system76.png -hidden: false -section: ubuntu - ---- - -# Ubuntu Basics - -The Ubuntu operating system provides all the features you would expect from a sophisticated desktop. - -### Getting to Know The Ubuntu Desktop - -![Ubuntu Desktop](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-21.04-files.png) - -Use the Launcher on the left hand side of the screen to start your favorite apps. You can switch between running apps by clicking on their icons. Right click on an icon in the Launcher to show a menu of actions. Actions include adding, removing application icons, opening new tabs, switching multiple windows of the same app and much more. - -## Show Applications - -Clicking on the grid of 3x3 dots in the lower left corner of the screen (on the Dock), will show you all of your installed applications in an app drawer-grid. -This screen can also be accessed by pressing + A or + A. - -![Show Applications](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-21.04-show-apps.png) - -Type in any word to search your computer for installed programs, files, and items in Ubuntu Software. - -![Ubuntu Desktop](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-21.04-activities-search.png) - -## Ubuntu Software Center - -Clicking on the orange briefcase icon in the Dock, opens Ubuntu Software. This application provides a GUI frontend for installing applications and updates. - -![Ubuntu Software](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-software.png) - -## GNOME Notifications - -Date, Time, Calendar and app notifications appear in the top-middle of the screen, and can be reviewed in the drop-down menu. - -![Notifications](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-gnome-notifciations.png) -## Top Right Menu - -The top-right menu offers shortcuts for networking, battery/power and shutdown commands. - -![Top Right](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-21.04-top-right.png) - - -## Application Top Bar Menu - -You can control certain applications actions from the menu in the top bar. This menu will change from app to app, and won't be visible until the app is running. - -![Top Bar Menu](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-app-top-menu.png) - -## Application Window Menu - -Many applications also have in-window menus for adjusting settings, switching to full-screen, etc. - -![App Window Menu](/images/ubuntu-basics/ubuntu-app-window-menu.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/static/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater-finished.png b/static/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater-finished.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e1812d4ce6 Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater-finished.png differ diff --git a/static/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater.png b/static/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8bdb291b78 Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/install-ubuntu/ubuntu-updater.png differ diff --git a/static/images/password/systemd-boot.png b/static/images/password/systemd-boot.png index 246092bf00..591db2c716 100644 Binary files a/static/images/password/systemd-boot.png and b/static/images/password/systemd-boot.png differ