diff --git a/crates/core/Cargo.toml b/crates/core/Cargo.toml
index 54951d766..41d85f5d6 100644
--- a/crates/core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/core/Cargo.toml
@@ -40,8 +40,9 @@ web-time = { workspace = true }
 webpki-roots = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-rstest = { workspace = true }
+bincode = { workspace = true }
 hex = { workspace = true }
+rstest = { workspace = true }
 tlsn-data-fixtures = { workspace = true }
 
 [[test]]
diff --git a/crates/core/src/transcript.rs b/crates/core/src/transcript.rs
index 61e375875..0d6c07330 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/transcript.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/transcript.rs
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ impl Transcript {
         PartialTranscript {
             sent,
             received,
-            sent_authed: sent_idx,
-            received_authed: recv_idx,
+            sent_authed_idx: sent_idx,
+            received_authed_idx: recv_idx,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -163,16 +163,83 @@ impl Transcript {
 /// A partial transcript is a transcript which may not have all the data
 /// authenticated.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(try_from = "validation::PartialTranscriptUnchecked")]
+#[serde(try_from = "CompressedPartialTranscript")]
+#[serde(into = "CompressedPartialTranscript")]
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(PartialEq))]
 pub struct PartialTranscript {
     /// Data sent from the Prover to the Server.
     sent: Vec<u8>,
     /// Data received by the Prover from the Server.
     received: Vec<u8>,
     /// Index of `sent` which have been authenticated.
-    sent_authed: Idx,
+    sent_authed_idx: Idx,
     /// Index of `received` which have been authenticated.
-    received_authed: Idx,
+    received_authed_idx: Idx,
+}
+
+/// `PartialTranscript` in a compressed form.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(try_from = "validation::CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked")]
+pub struct CompressedPartialTranscript {
+    /// Sent data which has been authenticated.
+    sent_authed: Vec<u8>,
+    /// Received data which has been authenticated.
+    received_authed: Vec<u8>,
+    /// Index of `sent_authed`.
+    sent_idx: Idx,
+    /// Index of `received_authed`.
+    recv_idx: Idx,
+    /// Total bytelength of sent data in the original partial transcript.
+    sent_total: usize,
+    /// Total bytelength of received data in the original partial transcript.
+    recv_total: usize,
+}
+
+impl From<PartialTranscript> for CompressedPartialTranscript {
+    fn from(uncompressed: PartialTranscript) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            sent_authed: uncompressed
+                .sent
+                .index_ranges(&uncompressed.sent_authed_idx.0),
+            received_authed: uncompressed
+                .received
+                .index_ranges(&uncompressed.received_authed_idx.0),
+            sent_idx: uncompressed.sent_authed_idx,
+            recv_idx: uncompressed.received_authed_idx,
+            sent_total: uncompressed.sent.len(),
+            recv_total: uncompressed.received.len(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<CompressedPartialTranscript> for PartialTranscript {
+    fn from(compressed: CompressedPartialTranscript) -> Self {
+        let mut sent = vec![0; compressed.sent_total];
+        let mut received = vec![0; compressed.recv_total];
+
+        let mut offset = 0;
+
+        for range in compressed.sent_idx.iter_ranges() {
+            sent[range.clone()]
+                .copy_from_slice(&compressed.sent_authed[offset..offset + range.len()]);
+            offset += range.len();
+        }
+
+        let mut offset = 0;
+
+        for range in compressed.recv_idx.iter_ranges() {
+            received[range.clone()]
+                .copy_from_slice(&compressed.received_authed[offset..offset + range.len()]);
+            offset += range.len();
+        }
+
+        Self {
+            sent,
+            received,
+            sent_authed_idx: compressed.sent_idx,
+            received_authed_idx: compressed.recv_idx,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl PartialTranscript {
@@ -186,8 +253,8 @@ impl PartialTranscript {
         Self {
             sent: vec![0; sent_len],
             received: vec![0; received_len],
-            sent_authed: Idx::default(),
-            received_authed: Idx::default(),
+            sent_authed_idx: Idx::default(),
+            received_authed_idx: Idx::default(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -203,8 +270,8 @@ impl PartialTranscript {
 
     /// Returns whether the transcript is complete.
     pub fn is_complete(&self) -> bool {
-        self.sent_authed.len() == self.sent.len()
-            && self.received_authed.len() == self.received.len()
+        self.sent_authed_idx.len() == self.sent.len()
+            && self.received_authed_idx.len() == self.received.len()
     }
 
     /// Returns whether the index is in bounds of the transcript.
@@ -239,29 +306,29 @@ impl PartialTranscript {
 
     /// Returns the index of sent data which have been authenticated.
     pub fn sent_authed(&self) -> &Idx {
-        &self.sent_authed
+        &self.sent_authed_idx
     }
 
     /// Returns the index of received data which have been authenticated.
     pub fn received_authed(&self) -> &Idx {
-        &self.received_authed
+        &self.received_authed_idx
     }
 
     /// Returns the index of sent data which haven't been authenticated.
     pub fn sent_unauthed(&self) -> Idx {
-        Idx(RangeSet::from(0..self.sent.len()).difference(&self.sent_authed.0))
+        Idx(RangeSet::from(0..self.sent.len()).difference(&self.sent_authed_idx.0))
     }
 
     /// Returns the index of received data which haven't been authenticated.
     pub fn received_unauthed(&self) -> Idx {
-        Idx(RangeSet::from(0..self.received.len()).difference(&self.received_authed.0))
+        Idx(RangeSet::from(0..self.received.len()).difference(&self.received_authed_idx.0))
     }
 
     /// Returns an iterator over the authenticated data in the transcript.
     pub fn iter(&self, direction: Direction) -> impl Iterator<Item = u8> + '_ {
         let (data, authed) = match direction {
-            Direction::Sent => (&self.sent, &self.sent_authed),
-            Direction::Received => (&self.received, &self.received_authed),
+            Direction::Sent => (&self.sent, &self.sent_authed_idx),
+            Direction::Received => (&self.received, &self.received_authed_idx),
         };
 
         authed.0.iter().map(|i| data[i])
@@ -285,25 +352,25 @@ impl PartialTranscript {
         );
 
         for range in other
-            .sent_authed
+            .sent_authed_idx
             .0
-            .difference(&self.sent_authed.0)
+            .difference(&self.sent_authed_idx.0)
             .iter_ranges()
         {
             self.sent[range.clone()].copy_from_slice(&other.sent[range]);
         }
 
         for range in other
-            .received_authed
+            .received_authed_idx
             .0
-            .difference(&self.received_authed.0)
+            .difference(&self.received_authed_idx.0)
             .iter_ranges()
         {
             self.received[range.clone()].copy_from_slice(&other.received[range]);
         }
 
-        self.sent_authed = self.sent_authed.union(&other.sent_authed);
-        self.received_authed = self.received_authed.union(&other.received_authed);
+        self.sent_authed_idx = self.sent_authed_idx.union(&other.sent_authed_idx);
+        self.received_authed_idx = self.received_authed_idx.union(&other.received_authed_idx);
     }
 
     /// Unions an authenticated subsequence into this transcript.
@@ -315,11 +382,11 @@ impl PartialTranscript {
         match direction {
             Direction::Sent => {
                 seq.copy_to(&mut self.sent);
-                self.sent_authed = self.sent_authed.union(&seq.idx);
+                self.sent_authed_idx = self.sent_authed_idx.union(&seq.idx);
             }
             Direction::Received => {
                 seq.copy_to(&mut self.received);
-                self.received_authed = self.received_authed.union(&seq.idx);
+                self.received_authed_idx = self.received_authed_idx.union(&seq.idx);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -348,12 +415,12 @@ impl PartialTranscript {
     pub fn set_unauthed_range(&mut self, value: u8, direction: Direction, range: Range<usize>) {
         match direction {
             Direction::Sent => {
-                for range in range.difference(&self.sent_authed.0).iter_ranges() {
+                for range in range.difference(&self.sent_authed_idx.0).iter_ranges() {
                     self.sent[range].fill(value);
                 }
             }
             Direction::Received => {
-                for range in range.difference(&self.received_authed.0).iter_ranges() {
+                for range in range.difference(&self.received_authed_idx.0).iter_ranges() {
                     self.received[range].fill(value);
                 }
             }
@@ -549,51 +616,118 @@ mod validation {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Invalid partial transcript error.
+    /// Invalid compressed partial transcript error.
     #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
-    #[error("invalid partial transcript: {0}")]
-    pub struct InvalidPartialTranscript(&'static str);
+    #[error("invalid compressed partial transcript: {0}")]
+    pub struct InvalidCompressedPartialTranscript(&'static str);
 
     #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-    pub(super) struct PartialTranscriptUnchecked {
-        sent: Vec<u8>,
-        received: Vec<u8>,
-        sent_authed: Idx,
-        received_authed: Idx,
-    }
-
-    impl TryFrom<PartialTranscriptUnchecked> for PartialTranscript {
-        type Error = InvalidPartialTranscript;
-
-        fn try_from(unchecked: PartialTranscriptUnchecked) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-            if unchecked.sent_authed.end() > unchecked.sent.len()
-                || unchecked.received_authed.end() > unchecked.received.len()
+    #[cfg_attr(test, derive(Serialize))]
+    pub(super) struct CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked {
+        sent_authed: Vec<u8>,
+        received_authed: Vec<u8>,
+        sent_idx: Idx,
+        recv_idx: Idx,
+        sent_total: usize,
+        recv_total: usize,
+    }
+
+    impl TryFrom<CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked> for CompressedPartialTranscript {
+        type Error = InvalidCompressedPartialTranscript;
+
+        fn try_from(unchecked: CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+            if unchecked.sent_authed.len() != unchecked.sent_idx.len()
+                || unchecked.received_authed.len() != unchecked.recv_idx.len()
             {
-                return Err(InvalidPartialTranscript(
-                    "authenticated ranges are not in bounds of the data",
+                return Err(InvalidCompressedPartialTranscript(
+                    "lengths of index and data don't match",
                 ));
             }
 
-            // Rewrite the data to ensure that unauthenticated data is zeroed out.
-            let mut sent = vec![0; unchecked.sent.len()];
-            let mut received = vec![0; unchecked.received.len()];
-
-            for range in unchecked.sent_authed.iter_ranges() {
-                sent[range.clone()].copy_from_slice(&unchecked.sent[range]);
-            }
-
-            for range in unchecked.received_authed.iter_ranges() {
-                received[range.clone()].copy_from_slice(&unchecked.received[range]);
+            if unchecked.sent_idx.end() > unchecked.sent_total
+                || unchecked.recv_idx.end() > unchecked.recv_total
+            {
+                return Err(InvalidCompressedPartialTranscript(
+                    "ranges are not in bounds of the data",
+                ));
             }
 
             Ok(Self {
-                sent,
-                received,
-                sent_authed: unchecked.sent_authed,
                 received_authed: unchecked.received_authed,
+                recv_idx: unchecked.recv_idx,
+                recv_total: unchecked.recv_total,
+                sent_authed: unchecked.sent_authed,
+                sent_idx: unchecked.sent_idx,
+                sent_total: unchecked.sent_total,
             })
         }
     }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    mod tests {
+        use rstest::{fixture, rstest};
+
+        use super::*;
+
+        #[fixture]
+        fn partial_transcript() -> CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked {
+            CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked {
+                received_authed: vec![1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13],
+                sent_authed: vec![4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16],
+                recv_idx: Idx(RangeSet::new(&[1..4, 11..14])),
+                sent_idx: Idx(RangeSet::new(&[4..7, 14..17])),
+                sent_total: 20,
+                recv_total: 20,
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[rstest]
+        fn test_partial_transcript_valid(partial_transcript: CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked) {
+            let bytes = bincode::serialize(&partial_transcript).unwrap();
+            let transcript: Result<CompressedPartialTranscript, Box<bincode::ErrorKind>> =
+                bincode::deserialize(&bytes);
+            assert!(transcript.is_ok());
+        }
+
+        #[rstest]
+        // Expect to fail since the length of data and the length of the index do not
+        // match.
+        fn test_partial_transcript_invalid_lengths(
+            mut partial_transcript: CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked,
+        ) {
+            // Add an extra byte to the data.
+            let mut old = partial_transcript.sent_authed;
+            old.extend([1]);
+            partial_transcript.sent_authed = old;
+
+            let bytes = bincode::serialize(&partial_transcript).unwrap();
+            let transcript: Result<CompressedPartialTranscript, Box<bincode::ErrorKind>> =
+                bincode::deserialize(&bytes);
+            assert!(transcript.is_err());
+        }
+
+        #[rstest]
+        // Expect to fail since the index is out of bounds.
+        fn test_partial_transcript_invalid_ranges(
+            mut partial_transcript: CompressedPartialTranscriptUnchecked,
+        ) {
+            // Change the total to be less than the last range's end bound.
+            let end = partial_transcript
+                .sent_idx
+                .0
+                .iter_ranges()
+                .last()
+                .unwrap()
+                .end;
+
+            partial_transcript.sent_total = end - 1;
+
+            let bytes = bincode::serialize(&partial_transcript).unwrap();
+            let transcript: Result<CompressedPartialTranscript, Box<bincode::ErrorKind>> =
+                bincode::deserialize(&bytes);
+            assert!(transcript.is_err());
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -610,6 +744,14 @@ mod tests {
         )
     }
 
+    #[fixture]
+    fn partial_transcript() -> PartialTranscript {
+        transcript().to_partial(
+            Idx::new(RangeSet::new(&[1..4, 6..9])),
+            Idx::new(RangeSet::new(&[2..5, 7..10])),
+        )
+    }
+
     #[rstest]
     fn test_transcript_get_subsequence(transcript: Transcript) {
         let subseq = transcript
@@ -632,6 +774,13 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(subseq, None);
     }
 
+    #[rstest]
+    fn test_partial_transcript_serialization_ok(partial_transcript: PartialTranscript) {
+        let bytes = bincode::serialize(&partial_transcript).unwrap();
+        let deserialized_transcript: PartialTranscript = bincode::deserialize(&bytes).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(partial_transcript, deserialized_transcript);
+    }
+
     #[rstest]
     fn test_transcript_to_partial_success(transcript: Transcript) {
         let partial = transcript.to_partial(Idx::new(0..2), Idx::new(3..7));