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Setup CouchDB on fly.io

This is how to configure fly.io and CouchDB on it for Self-hosted LiveSync.

Warning

It is your instance. In Obsidian, we have files locally. Hence, do not hesitate to destroy the remote database if you feel something have got weird. We can launch and switch to the new CouchDB instance anytime1.

Note

What and why is the Fly.io?
At some point, we started to experience problems related to our IBM Cloudant account. At the same time, Self-hosted LiveSync started to improve its functionality, requiring CouchDB in a more natural state to use all its features.

Then we found Fly.io. Fly.io is the PaaS Platform, which can be useable for a very reasonable price. It generally falls within the Free Allowances range in most cases.

Required materials

  • A valid credit or debit card.

Setup CouchDB instance

A. Very automated setup

LiveSync Setup onto Fly.io SpeedRun 2024 using Google Colab

  1. Open setup-flyio-on-the-fly-v2.ipynb.
  2. Press the Open in Colab button.
  3. Choose a region and run all blocks (Refer to video).
    1. If you do not have the account yet, the sign-up page will be shown, please follow the instructions. The Official document is here.
  4. Copy the Setup-URI and Use it in the Obsidian.
  5. You have been synchronised. Use the Setup-URI in subsequent devices.

Steps 4 and 5 are detailed in the Quick Setup.

Note

Your automatically configured configurations will be shown on the result in the Colab note like below, and it will not be saved. Please make a note of it somewhere.

-- YOUR CONFIGURATION --
URL     : https://billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev
username: billowing-cherry-22580
password: misty-dew-13571
region  : nrt

B. Scripted Setup

Please refer to the document of deploy-server.sh.

C. Manual Setup

Used in the text Meaning and where to use Memo
campanella Username It is less likely to fail if it consists only of letters and numbers.
dfusiuada9suy Password
nrt Region to make the instance We can use any region near us.

1. Install flyctl

  • Mac or Linux
$ curl -L https://fly.io/install.sh | sh
  • Windows
$ iwr https://fly.io/install.ps1 -useb | iex

2. Sign up or Sign in to fly.io

  • Sign up
$ fly auth signup
  • Sign in
$ fly auth login

For more information, please refer to Sign up and Sign in.

3. Make a configuration file

  1. Make fly.toml from template fly.template.toml.
    We can simply copy and rename the file. The template is on utils/flyio/fly.template.toml
  2. Decide the instance name, initialize the App, and set credentials.

Tip

  • The name billowing-dawn-6619 is randomly decided name, and it will be a part of the CouchDB URL. It should be globally unique. Therefore, it is recommended to use something random for this name.
  • Explicit naming is very good for humans. However, we do not often get the chance to actually enter this manually (have designed so). This database may contain important information for you. The needle should be hidden in the haystack.
$ fly launch --name=billowing-dawn-6619 --env="COUCHDB_USER=campanella" --copy-config=true --detach --no-deploy --region nrt --yes
$ fly secrets set COUCHDB_PASSWORD=dfusiuada9suy

4. Deploy

$ flyctl deploy 
An existing fly.toml file was found
Using build strategies '[the "couchdb:latest" docker image]'. Remove [build] from fly.toml to force a rescan
Creating app in /home/vorotamoroz/dev/obsidian-livesync/utils/flyio
We're about to launch your app on Fly.io. Here's what you're getting:

Organization: vorotamoroz              (fly launch defaults to the personal org)
Name:         billowing-dawn-6619     (specified on the command line)
Region:       Tokyo, Japan             (specified on the command line)
App Machines: shared-cpu-1x, 256MB RAM (specified on the command line)
Postgres:     <none>                   (not requested)
Redis:        <none>                   (not requested)

Created app 'billowing-dawn-6619' in organization 'personal'
Admin URL: https://fly.io/apps/billowing-dawn-6619
Hostname: billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev
Wrote config file fly.toml
Validating /home/vorotamoroz/dev/obsidian-livesync/utils/flyio/fly.toml
Platform: machines
✓ Configuration is valid
Your app is ready! Deploy with `flyctl deploy`
Secrets are staged for the first deployment
==> Verifying app config
Validating /home/vorotamoroz/dev/obsidian-livesync/utils/flyio/fly.toml
Platform: machines
✓ Configuration is valid
--> Verified app config
==> Building image
Searching for image 'couchdb:latest' remotely...
image found: img_ox20prk63084j1zq

Watch your deployment at https://fly.io/apps/billowing-dawn-6619/monitoring

Provisioning ips for billowing-dawn-6619
  Dedicated ipv6: 2a09:8280:1::37:fde9
  Shared ipv4: 66.241.124.163
  Add a dedicated ipv4 with: fly ips allocate-v4

Creating a 1 GB volume named 'couchdata' for process group 'app'. Use 'fly vol extend' to increase its size
This deployment will:
 * create 1 "app" machine

No machines in group app, launching a new machine

WARNING The app is not listening on the expected address and will not be reachable by fly-proxy.
You can fix this by configuring your app to listen on the following addresses:
  - 0.0.0.0:5984
Found these processes inside the machine with open listening sockets:
  PROCESS        | ADDRESSES                             
-----------------*---------------------------------------
  /.fly/hallpass | [fdaa:0:73b9:a7b:22e:3851:7f28:2]:22  

Finished launching new machines

NOTE: The machines for [app] have services with 'auto_stop_machines = true' that will be stopped when idling

-------
Checking DNS configuration for billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev

Visit your newly deployed app at https://billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev/

5. Apply CouchDB configuration

After the initial setup, CouchDB needs some more customisations to be used from Self-hosted LiveSync. It can be configured in browsers or by HTTP-REST APIs.

This section is set up using the REST API.

  1. Prepare environment variables.
  • Mac or Linux:
export couchHost=https://billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev
export couchUser=campanella
export couchPwd=dfusiuada9suy
  • Windows
set couchHost https://billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev
set couchUser campanella
set couchPwd dfusiuada9suy
$creds = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes("${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"))
  1. Perform cluster setup
  • Mac or Linux
curl -X POST "${couchHost}/_cluster_setup" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{\"action\":\"enable_single_node\",\"username\":\"${couchUser}\",\"password\":\"${couchPwd}\",\"bind_address\":\"0.0.0.0\",\"port\":5984,\"singlenode\":true}"  --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
  • Windows
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'POST' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds } "${couchHost}/_cluster_setup" -Body "{""action"":""enable_single_node"",""username"":""${couchUser}"",""password"":""${couchPwd}"",""bind_address"":""0.0.0.0"",""port"":5984,""singlenode"":true}"

Note: if the response code is not 200. We have to retry the request once again. If you run the request several times and it does not result in 200, something is wrong. Please report it.

  1. Configure parameters
  • Mac or Linux
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd/require_valid_user" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"true"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd_auth/require_valid_user" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"true"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/httpd/WWW-Authenticate" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"Basic realm=\"couchdb\""' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/httpd/enable_cors" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"true"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd/enable_cors" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"true"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd/max_http_request_size" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"4294967296"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/couchdb/max_document_size" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"50000000"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/cors/credentials" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"true"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
curl -X PUT "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/cors/origins" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '"app://obsidian.md,capacitor://localhost,http://localhost"' --user "${couchUser}:${couchPwd}"
  • Windows
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd/require_valid_user" -Body  '"true"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd_auth/require_valid_user" -Body  '"true"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/httpd/WWW-Authenticate" -Body  '"Basic realm=\"couchdb\""'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/httpd/enable_cors" -Body  '"true"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd/enable_cors" -Body  '"true"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/chttpd/max_http_request_size" -Body  '"4294967296"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/couchdb/max_document_size" -Body  '"50000000"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/cors/credentials" -Body  '"true"'
iwr -UseBasicParsing -Method 'PUT' -ContentType 'application/json; charset=utf-8' -Headers @{ 'Authorization' = 'Basic ' + $creds }  "${couchHost}/_node/nonode@nohost/_config/cors/origins" -Body  '"app://obsidian.md,capacitor://localhost,http://localhost"'

Note: Each of these should also be repeated until finished in 200.

6. Use it from Self-hosted LiveSync

Now the CouchDB is ready to use from Self-hosted LiveSync. We can use https://billowing-dawn-6619.fly.dev in URI, campanella in Username and dfusiuada9suy in Password on Self-hosted LiveSync. The Database name could be anything you want. Please refer to the Minimal Setup of the Quick Setup.

Delete the Instance

If you want to delete the CouchDB instance, you can do that in fly.io Dashboard

If you have done with B. Scripted Setup, we can use delete-server.sh.

Footnotes

  1. Actually, I am always building the database for reproduction of the issue like so. ↩