ch09.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "# Plotting and Visualization"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "PREVIOUS_MAX_ROWS = pd.options.display.max_rows\n",
    "pd.options.display.max_rows = 20\n",
    "np.random.seed(12345)\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "import matplotlib\n",
    "plt.rc('figure', figsize=(10, 6))\n",
    "np.set_printoptions(precision=4, suppress=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "%matplotlib notebook"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## A Brief matplotlib API Primer"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "data = np.arange(10)\n",
    "data\n",
    "plt.plot(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Figures and Subplots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fig = plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 2)\n",
    "ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "fig = plt.figure()\n",
    "ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 1)\n",
    "ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 2)\n",
    "ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.plot(np.random.randn(50).cumsum(), 'k--')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "_ = ax1.hist(np.random.randn(100), bins=20, color='k', alpha=0.3)\n",
    "ax2.scatter(np.arange(30), np.arange(30) + 3 * np.random.randn(30))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 3)\n",
    "axes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Adjusting the spacing around subplots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,\n",
    "                wspace=None, hspace=None)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, sharex=True, sharey=True)\n",
    "for i in range(2):\n",
    "    for j in range(2):\n",
    "        axes[i, j].hist(np.random.randn(500), bins=50, color='k', alpha=0.5)\n",
    "plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0, hspace=0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, sharex=True, sharey=True)\n",
    "for i in range(2):\n",
    "    for j in range(2):\n",
    "        axes[i, j].hist(np.random.randn(500), bins=50, color='k', alpha=0.5)\n",
    "plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0, hspace=0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Colors, Markers, and Line Styles"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "ax.plot(x, y, 'g--')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "ax.plot(x, y, linestyle='--', color='g')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from numpy.random import randn\n",
    "plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'ko--')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "plot(randn(30).cumsum(), color='k', linestyle='dashed', marker='o')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = np.random.randn(30).cumsum()\n",
    "plt.plot(data, 'k--', label='Default')\n",
    "plt.plot(data, 'k-', drawstyle='steps-post', label='steps-post')\n",
    "plt.legend(loc='best')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Ticks, Labels, and Legends"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Setting the title, axis labels, ticks, and ticklabels"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fig = plt.figure()\n",
    "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",
    "ax.plot(np.random.randn(1000).cumsum())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ticks = ax.set_xticks([0, 250, 500, 750, 1000])\n",
    "labels = ax.set_xticklabels(['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five'],\n",
    "                            rotation=30, fontsize='small')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ax.set_title('My first matplotlib plot')\n",
    "ax.set_xlabel('Stages')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "props = {\n",
    "    'title': 'My first matplotlib plot',\n",
    "    'xlabel': 'Stages'\n",
    "}\n",
    "ax.set(**props)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Adding legends"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from numpy.random import randn\n",
    "fig = plt.figure(); ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",
    "ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k', label='one')\n",
    "ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k--', label='two')\n",
    "ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k.', label='three')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ax.legend(loc='best')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Annotations and Drawing on a Subplot"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "ax.text(x, y, 'Hello world!',\n",
    "        family='monospace', fontsize=10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from datetime import datetime\n",
    "\n",
    "fig = plt.figure()\n",
    "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",
    "\n",
    "data = pd.read_csv('examples/spx.csv', index_col=0, parse_dates=True)\n",
    "spx = data['SPX']\n",
    "\n",
    "spx.plot(ax=ax, style='k-')\n",
    "\n",
    "crisis_data = [\n",
    "    (datetime(2007, 10, 11), 'Peak of bull market'),\n",
    "    (datetime(2008, 3, 12), 'Bear Stearns Fails'),\n",
    "    (datetime(2008, 9, 15), 'Lehman Bankruptcy')\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "for date, label in crisis_data:\n",
    "    ax.annotate(label, xy=(date, spx.asof(date) + 75),\n",
    "                xytext=(date, spx.asof(date) + 225),\n",
    "                arrowprops=dict(facecolor='black', headwidth=4, width=2,\n",
    "                                headlength=4),\n",
    "                horizontalalignment='left', verticalalignment='top')\n",
    "\n",
    "# Zoom in on 2007-2010\n",
    "ax.set_xlim(['1/1/2007', '1/1/2011'])\n",
    "ax.set_ylim([600, 1800])\n",
    "\n",
    "ax.set_title('Important dates in the 2008-2009 financial crisis')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ax.set_title('Important dates in the 2008–2009 financial crisis')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "fig = plt.figure()\n",
    "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",
    "\n",
    "rect = plt.Rectangle((0.2, 0.75), 0.4, 0.15, color='k', alpha=0.3)\n",
    "circ = plt.Circle((0.7, 0.2), 0.15, color='b', alpha=0.3)\n",
    "pgon = plt.Polygon([[0.15, 0.15], [0.35, 0.4], [0.2, 0.6]],\n",
    "                   color='g', alpha=0.5)\n",
    "\n",
    "ax.add_patch(rect)\n",
    "ax.add_patch(circ)\n",
    "ax.add_patch(pgon)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6)); ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",
    "rect = plt.Rectangle((0.2, 0.75), 0.4, 0.15, color='k', alpha=0.3)\n",
    "circ = plt.Circle((0.7, 0.2), 0.15, color='b', alpha=0.3)\n",
    "pgon = plt.Polygon([[0.15, 0.15], [0.35, 0.4], [0.2, 0.6]],\n",
    "                   color='g', alpha=0.5)\n",
    "ax.add_patch(rect)\n",
    "ax.add_patch(circ)\n",
    "ax.add_patch(pgon)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Saving Plots to File"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "plt.savefig('figpath.svg')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "plt.savefig('figpath.png', dpi=400, bbox_inches='tight')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "from io import BytesIO\n",
    "buffer = BytesIO()\n",
    "plt.savefig(buffer)\n",
    "plot_data = buffer.getvalue()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### matplotlib Configuration"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "plt.rc('figure', figsize=(10, 10))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "font_options = {'family' : 'monospace',\n",
    "                'weight' : 'bold',\n",
    "                'size'   : 'small'}\n",
    "plt.rc('font', **font_options)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Plotting with pandas and seaborn"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Line Plots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = pd.Series(np.random.randn(10).cumsum(), index=np.arange(0, 100, 10))\n",
    "s.plot()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(10, 4).cumsum(0),\n",
    "                  columns=['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'],\n",
    "                  index=np.arange(0, 100, 10))\n",
    "df.plot()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Bar Plots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 1)\n",
    "data = pd.Series(np.random.rand(16), index=list('abcdefghijklmnop'))\n",
    "data.plot.bar(ax=axes[0], color='k', alpha=0.7)\n",
    "data.plot.barh(ax=axes[1], color='k', alpha=0.7)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "np.random.seed(12348)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(6, 4),\n",
    "                  index=['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six'],\n",
    "                  columns=pd.Index(['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], name='Genus'))\n",
    "df\n",
    "df.plot.bar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.plot.barh(stacked=True, alpha=0.5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tips = pd.read_csv('examples/tips.csv')\n",
    "party_counts = pd.crosstab(tips['day'], tips['size'])\n",
    "party_counts\n",
    "# Not many 1- and 6-person parties\n",
    "party_counts = party_counts.loc[:, 2:5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Normalize to sum to 1\n",
    "party_pcts = party_counts.div(party_counts.sum(1), axis=0)\n",
    "party_pcts\n",
    "party_pcts.plot.bar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import seaborn as sns\n",
    "tips['tip_pct'] = tips['tip'] / (tips['total_bill'] - tips['tip'])\n",
    "tips.head()\n",
    "sns.barplot(x='tip_pct', y='day', data=tips, orient='h')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.barplot(x='tip_pct', y='day', hue='time', data=tips, orient='h')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.close('all')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.set(style=\"whitegrid\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Histograms and Density Plots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tips['tip_pct'].plot.hist(bins=50)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tips['tip_pct'].plot.density()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "comp1 = np.random.normal(0, 1, size=200)\n",
    "comp2 = np.random.normal(10, 2, size=200)\n",
    "values = pd.Series(np.concatenate([comp1, comp2]))\n",
    "sns.distplot(values, bins=100, color='k')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Scatter or Point Plots"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "macro = pd.read_csv('examples/macrodata.csv')\n",
    "data = macro[['cpi', 'm1', 'tbilrate', 'unemp']]\n",
    "trans_data = np.log(data).diff().dropna()\n",
    "trans_data[-5:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.figure()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.regplot('m1', 'unemp', data=trans_data)\n",
    "plt.title('Changes in log %s versus log %s' % ('m1', 'unemp'))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.pairplot(trans_data, diag_kind='kde', plot_kws={'alpha': 0.2})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Facet Grids and Categorical Data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.factorplot(x='day', y='tip_pct', hue='time', col='smoker',\n",
    "               kind='bar', data=tips[tips.tip_pct < 1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.factorplot(x='day', y='tip_pct', row='time',\n",
    "               col='smoker',\n",
    "               kind='bar', data=tips[tips.tip_pct < 1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sns.factorplot(x='tip_pct', y='day', kind='box',\n",
    "               data=tips[tips.tip_pct < 0.5])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Other Python Visualization Tools"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "pd.options.display.max_rows = PREVIOUS_MAX_ROWS"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Conclusion"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.6.0"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 0
}