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Installing Docker on Linux

This guide provides step-by-step instructions to install Docker on a Linux system, specifically focusing on Ubuntu. The steps may slightly vary for other distributions.

Step 1: Update the Package Database

Open a terminal and update your existing list of packages:

sudo apt update

Step 2: Install Required Packages

Install the packages that allow apt to use repositories over HTTPS:

sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

Step 3: Add Docker’s Official GPG Key

Add the GPG key for Docker’s official repository to your system:

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Step 4: Add Docker’s APT Repository

Add the Docker repository to APT sources:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

Update the package database with the Docker packages from the newly added repo:

sudo apt update

Ensure you are about to install from the Docker repo instead of the default Ubuntu repo:

apt-cache policy docker-ce

Step 5: Install Docker

Install Docker:

sudo apt install docker-ce

Verify that Docker is installed and running:

sudo systemctl status docker

Step 6: Manage Docker as a Non-Root User (Optional)

To avoid needing sudo for Docker commands, add your user to the docker group:

sudo usermod -aG docker ${USER}

Log out and log back in to apply the group change.

Alternatively, you can use the following command to refresh group membership without logging out:

su - ${USER}

Verify that your user is now added to the docker group:

groups ${USER}

Step 7: Test Docker Installation

Verify the installation by running a test Docker container:

docker run hello-world

This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a confirmation message.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter any issues during the installation, here are some common troubleshooting steps:

  • Ensure that the Docker service is running:

    sudo systemctl start docker

  • Check Docker logs for errors:

    sudo journalctl -u docker.service

  • Verify that your user is correctly added to the docker group.