Update GitHub workflow to fix the broken build

[YasharF]

1. ubuntu-24.04 (aka currently ubuntu-latest) has a compatibility issue with the workflow and we need to use ubuntu-22.04 as a temporary workaround. Ref: Error - cat: /etc/docker/daemon.json: No such file or directory - ubuntu-24.04 actions/runner-images#11408 and cat: /etc/docker/daemon.json: No such file or directory actions/runner-images#10697
2. Updated the workflow to run the test using all the current LTS versions of Node.js. The list in the matrix will need to be updated as the LTS versions change. April 2025 is probably a good time to revisit this list as node 18 will enter EoL and they are supposed to start releasing Node 24.
3. Updated other configs to use the latest versions
4. Removed extra comments that probably came with the original yaml template.

[YasharF]

Not sure why this pull request didn't trigger a build, but I already tested it in my fork in this github action run: https://github.com/YasharF/mailchecker/actions/runs/12817070395