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Sets/GCHtoAC: fix up comments and whitespace
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jdchristensen committed Sep 3, 2023
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22 changes: 6 additions & 16 deletions theories/Sets/GCHtoAC.v
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Expand Up @@ -8,17 +8,15 @@ From HoTT.Sets Require Import Ordinals Hartogs Powers GCH AC.

Open Scope type.

(* The proof of Sierpinski's results that GCH implies AC given in this file consists of 2 ingredients:
(* The proof of Sierpinski's results that GCH implies AC given in this file consists of two ingredients:
1. Adding powers of infinite sets does not increase the cardinality (path_infinite_power).
2. A variant of Cantor's theorem saying that P(X) <= (X + Y) implies P(X) <= Y for large X (Cantor_injects_injects).
Those are used to obtain that cardinality-controlled functions are well-behaved in the presence of GCH (Sierpinski),
from which we obtain by instantiation with the Hartogs number that every set embeds into an ordinal,
which is enough to conclude GCH -> AC (GCH_AC) since the well-ordering theorem implies AC (WO_AC). *)
Those are used to obtain that cardinality-controlled functions are well-behaved in the presence of GCH (Sierpinski), from which we obtain by instantiation with the Hartogs number that every set embeds into an ordinal, which is enough to conclude GCH -> AC (GCH_AC) since the well-ordering theorem implies AC (WO_AC). *)


(** * Constructive equivalences *)

(* For the 1. ingredient, we establish a bunch of paths and conclude the wished result by equational reasoning. *)
(* For the first ingredient, we establish a bunch of paths and conclude the desired result by equational reasoning. *)

Section Preparation.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -63,7 +61,6 @@ Proof.
Qed.



(** * Equivalences relying on LEM **)

Context {EM : ExcludedMiddle}.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -124,7 +121,6 @@ Proof.
Qed.



(** * Equivalences on infinite sets *)

Lemma path_infinite_unit (X : HSet) :
Expand All @@ -143,11 +139,9 @@ Proof.
Qed.



(** * Variants of Cantors's theorem *)

(* For the 2. ingredient, we give a preliminary version (Cantor_path_inject) to see the idea,
as well as a stronger refinement (Cantor_injects_injects) which is then a mere reformulation. *)
(* For the second ingredient, we give a preliminary version (Cantor_path_inject) to see the idea, as well as a stronger refinement (Cantor_injects_injects) which is then a mere reformulation. *)

Context {PR : PropResizing}.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -241,7 +235,6 @@ Qed.
End Preparation.



(** * Sierpinski's Theorem *)

Section Sierpinski.
Expand All @@ -260,9 +253,7 @@ Hypothesis HN_ninject : forall X, ~ InjectsInto (HN X) X.
Variable HN_bound : nat.
Hypothesis HN_inject : forall X, InjectsInto (HN X) (power_iterated X HN_bound).

(* This section then concludes the intermediate result that abstractly,
any function HN behaving like the Hartogs number is tamed in the presence of GCH.
Morally we show that X <= HN(X) for all X, we just ensure that X is large enough by considering P(N + X). *)
(* This section then concludes the intermediate result that abstractly, any function HN behaving like the Hartogs number is tamed in the presence of GCH. Morally we show that X <= HN(X) for all X, we just ensure that X is large enough by considering P(N + X). *)

Lemma InjectsInto_sum X Y X' Y' :
InjectsInto X X' -> InjectsInto Y Y' -> InjectsInto (X + Y) (X' + Y').
Expand All @@ -278,8 +269,7 @@ Proof.
- apply ap. apply Hg. apply path_sum_inr with X'. apply H.
Qed.

(* The main proof is by induction on the cardinality bound for HN.
As the Hartogs number is bounded by P^3(X), we'd actually just need finitely many instances of GCH. *)
(* The main proof is by induction on the cardinality bound for HN. As the Hartogs number is bounded by P^3(X), we'd actually just need finitely many instances of GCH. *)

Lemma Sierpinski_step (X : HSet) n :
GCH -> infinite X -> powfix X -> InjectsInto (HN X) (power_iterated X n) -> InjectsInto X (HN X).
Expand Down

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