GH-44795: [C++] Use arrow::util::span<T> on BooleanBuilder APIs instead of std::vector<T>&

[raulcd]

Rationale for this change

arrow::util::span (a backport of C++20 std::span) is more generally applicable than std::vector, so any public API currently accepting a vector const-ref argument should instead accept a span argument.

What changes are included in this PR?

BooleanBuilder accepts arrow::util::span instead of std::vector on its API

Are these changes tested?

Via CI

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes, from std::vector& to arrow::util::span.

• GitHub Issue: [C++] APIs taking a const vector<T>& argument should instead take a span<const T> #44795

[raulcd]

I created a second PR to investigate further what is going on but it seems like it's not able to convert from std::vector<bool>& to arrow::util::span<bool> so there might be an issue on our implementation of arrow::util::span