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"show partition"
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mklzl committed Jan 24, 2025
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112 changes: 13 additions & 99 deletions ...cs/version-2.1/sql-manual/sql-statements/table-and-view/table/SHOW-PARTITION.md
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## 描述

该语句用于展示分区信息。支持 Internal catalog 和 Hive Catalog。

对于 `Hive Catalog:`

支持返回所有分区，包括多级分区
SHOW PARTITION 用于展示指定分区的详细信息。包括所属数据库名字和 ID，所属表名字和 ID 以及分区名字。

## 语法

```sql
SHOW [TEMPORARY] PARTITIONS FROM [db_name.] <table_name> [WHERE] [ORDER BY] [LIMIT];
SHOW PARTITION <partition_id>
```

## 必选参数
**1. \<table_name\>**

需要指定查看分区信息的表名称。


## 可选参数
**1. \<TEMPORARY\>**

是否需要列出临时分区

**2. \<db_name\>**

需要指定查看分区信息的数据库名称。

**3. \<WHERE\>**

过滤条件，支持 `PartitionId`,`PartitionName`,`State`,`Buckets`,`ReplicationNum`,`LastConsistencyCheckTime` 等列的过滤。

**4. \<ORDER BY\>**

排序条件，支持 `PartitionId`,`PartitionName`,`State`,`Buckets`,`ReplicationNum`,`LastConsistencyCheckTime` 等列的排序。

**5. \<LIMIT\>**

返回的最大行数。

## 返回值
| 列名 | 类型 | 说明 |
|---------------------------------|----------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| PartitionId | bigint | 分区 ID |
| PartitionName | varchar | 分区名称 |
| VisibleVersion | int | 该分区下，最大的 tablet 的 VisibleVersion |
| VisibleVersionTime | datetime | 该分区下，最近一次的 VisibleVersionde 时间 |
| State | varchar | 分区状态 |
| PartitionKey | datetime | 分区键 |
| Range | datetime | 该分区的分区区间 |
| DistributionKey | varchar | 该分区的分布键 |
| Buckets | int | 该分区的分桶数 |
| ReplicationNum | int | 该分区的副本书 |
| StorageMedium | varchar | 该分区的存储介质 |
| CooldownTime | datetime | 该分区的降冷时间，如果没有冷热分离，该字段的值为 `[9999-12-31 23:59:59]` ，即一直为热数据。 |
| RemoteStoragePolicy | varchar | 该分区的远端存储策略 |
| LastConsistencyCheckTime | datetime | 该分区的上一次的分区一致性检查的时间 |
| DataSize | int | 该分区下的数据大小 |
| IsInMemory | boolean | 是否为内存分区，默认为 `false` |
| ReplicaAllocation | varchar | 该分区的副本分布策略 |
| IsMutable | boolean | 该分区是否为可变分区，默认为 `true` |
| SyncWithBaseTables | boolean | 该分区是否和基表的数据同步保持一致 |
| UnsyncTables | varchar | 该分区是否是非同步表的分区 |
`<partition_id>`

> 分区的 ID。分区 ID 可以通过 SHOW PARTITIONS 等方式获得。更多信息请参阅“SHOW PARTITIONS”章节
## 权限控制
需要具备要查看的表的 `SHOW` 权限。


执行此 SQL 命令的用户至少具有`ADMIN_PRIV`权限

## 示例

1. 展示指定 db 下指定表的所有非临时分区信息
查询分区 ID 为 13004 的分区信息：

```sql
SHOW PARTITIONS FROM t_agg;
```
```text
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+--------------+-------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| PartitionId | PartitionName | VisibleVersion | VisibleVersionTime | State | PartitionKey | Range | DistributionKey | Buckets | ReplicationNum | StorageMedium | CooldownTime | RemoteStoragePolicy | LastConsistencyCheckTime | DataSize | IsInMemory | ReplicaAllocation | IsMutable | SyncWithBaseTables | UnsyncTables |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+--------------+-------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| 170307 | t_agg | 4 | 2024-11-05 16:13:40 | NORMAL | | | k1 | 1 | 1 | HDD | 9999-12-31 23:59:59 | | NULL | 806.000 B | false | tag.location.default: 1 | true | true | NULL |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+--------------+-------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
```
2. 展示指定 db 下指定表的所有临时分区信息

```sql
SHOW TEMPORARY PARTITIONS FROM t_temp;
```
```text
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| PartitionId | PartitionName | VisibleVersion | VisibleVersionTime | State | PartitionKey | Range | DistributionKey | Buckets | ReplicationNum | StorageMedium | CooldownTime | RemoteStoragePolicy | LastConsistencyCheckTime | DataSize | IsInMemory | ReplicaAllocation | IsMutable | SyncWithBaseTables | UnsyncTables |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| 828863 | tp2020 | 1 | 2025-01-22 16:19:50 | NORMAL | create_time | [types: [DATETIMEV2]; keys: [2020-01-01 00:00:00]; ..types: [DATETIMEV2]; keys: [2021-01-01 00:00:00]; ) | reference_no | 1 | 1 | SSD | 9999-12-31 23:59:59 | | NULL | 0.000 | false | tag.location.default: 1 | true | true | NULL |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
SHOW PARTITION 13004;
```

3. 展示指定 db 下指定表的指定非临时分区的信息，并对结果进行过滤
结果如下：

```sql
SHOW PARTITIONS FROM t_agg WHERE PartitionName = "p2024";
```
```text
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| PartitionId | PartitionName | VisibleVersion | VisibleVersionTime | State | PartitionKey | Range | DistributionKey | Buckets | ReplicationNum | StorageMedium | CooldownTime | RemoteStoragePolicy | LastConsistencyCheckTime | DataSize | IsInMemory | ReplicaAllocation | IsMutable | SyncWithBaseTables | UnsyncTables |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| 169851 | p2024 | 2 | 2024-11-05 14:14:29 | NORMAL | idp_create_time | [types: [DATETIMEV2]; keys: [2024-01-01 00:00:00]; ..types: [DATETIMEV2]; keys: [2025-01-01 00:00:00]; ) | idp_es_id | 3 | 1 | HDD | 9999-12-31 23:59:59 | | NULL | 27.396 KB | false | tag.location.default: 1 | true | true | NULL |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
```

4. 展示指定 db 下指定表的最新非临时分区的信息

```sql
SHOW PARTITIONS FROM t_agg ORDER BY PartitionId DESC LIMIT 1;
```
```text
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| PartitionId | PartitionName | VisibleVersion | VisibleVersionTime | State | PartitionKey | Range | DistributionKey | Buckets | ReplicationNum | StorageMedium | CooldownTime | RemoteStoragePolicy | LastConsistencyCheckTime | DataSize | IsInMemory | ReplicaAllocation | IsMutable | SyncWithBaseTables | UnsyncTables |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
| 169866 | p2025 | 1 | 2024-11-05 14:13:56 | NORMAL | idp_create_time | [types: [DATETIMEV2]; keys: [2025-01-01 00:00:00]; ..types: [DATETIMEV2]; keys: [2026-01-01 00:00:00]; ) | idp_es_id | 3 | 1 | HDD | 9999-12-31 23:59:59 | | NULL | 0.000 | false | tag.location.default: 1 | true | true | NULL |
+-------------+---------------+----------------+---------------------+--------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+---------+----------------+---------------+---------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------+------------+-------------------------+-----------+--------------------+--------------+
+--------+-----------+---------------+-------+---------+
| DbName | TableName | PartitionName | DbId | TableId |
+--------+-----------+---------------+-------+---------+
| ods | sales | sales | 13003 | 13005 |
+--------+-----------+---------------+-------+---------+
```
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