glossary.xml

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<glossary version="5.0" xml:lang="en-gb" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns" xmlns:xinclude="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="glossary">
	<title>Glossary</title>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Acropolis</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				The software stack which powers the Research &amp; Education Space.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Anansi</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				The Acropolis web crawler, which is used in the Research &amp;
				Education Space to locate Linked Open Data.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>audience (conditional access)</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				Within the Research &amp; Education Space, in the context
				of conditional access to resources, the term audience refers
				to a specific group of people who are assigned an identifier
				in the form of a URI. This allows any data about resources
				accessible to that group to use the same identifier to refer
				to them, and for the Research &amp; Education Space index to
				allow queries for digital assets which can be accessed by
				them.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Content negotiation</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				The mechanism by which an HTTP user-agent specifies the list of
				formats it is able to interpret, and a server selects the format
				it will return a document in based upon that information (in
				principle, it selects the highest-scored format from the
				intersection of client-supported and server-supported formats).
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>co-reference</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				A piece of data which states that two identifiers (in the form
				of URIs within the context of the Research &amp; Education Space)
				refer to the same entity.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>creative work</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				The abstract form of the output of a creative process. Creative
				works can have manifestations in several forms, some of which
				may be digital assets. For example, a book can be a creative
				work, with both printed and EPUB editions being (physical
				and digital) manifestations of it.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>digital asset</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				Any sort of document or media, including machine-readable data,
				which can be represented digitally. This includes RDF/XML documents,
				PDFs, MP3 audio, PowerPoint presentations, and so on.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>

	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>entity</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>Something which is described by some data. Often termed a <firstterm>resource</firstterm> in the RDF specifications, but this can be confusing because “resource” is often used to refer to a document which can be transferred electronically (particularly via HTTP).</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Linked Data</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>Data which is published on the web using resolveable URIs as identifiers, so that de-referencing the URI of something retrieves the data about it.</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Linked Open Data</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>Linked Data which is also <link xlink:href="http://opendefinition.org/od/">openly licensed</link>.</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>manifestation (creative work)</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				A particular physical or digital version of a creative work.
				For example, a PDF can be a digital asset which is a
				manifestation of a book, which is a creative work.
			</para>
			<para>
				Not all digital assets are manifestations of creative works:
				some digital assets are representations of data produced by
				some automated process, for example.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Quilt</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				A Linked Data server which is part of the Acropolis stack. Used
				within the Research &amp; Education Space to serve its API.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>serialisation</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>A concrete representation of a document (typically RDF) in some format.</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Spindle</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				The aggregator which forms part of the Acropolis stack, comprising
				plug-in modules for Twine and Quilt. Responsible for generating
				and serving the Research &amp; Education Space index.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
	<glossentry>
		<glossterm>Twine</glossterm>
		<glossdef>
			<para>
				An RDF processing engine which is part of the Acropolis stack,
				and which is used in the Research &amp; Education Space to
				process Linked Open Data that has been fetched by Anansi.
			</para>
		</glossdef>
	</glossentry>
	
</glossary>