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# Sphinx build info version 1 | ||
# This file hashes the configuration used when building these files. When it is not found, a full rebuild will be done. | ||
config: 2ab9c7d8c95b4940847871dc52ffd0d2 | ||
tags: 645f666f9bcd5a90fca523b33c5a78b7 |
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:orphan: | ||
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.. _bioamp-exg-pill-datasheet: | ||
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BioAmp EXG Pill | ||
############### | ||
|
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.. toctree:: | ||
:hidden: | ||
:maxdepth: 2 | ||
:caption: BioAmp | ||
|
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bioamp/hardware/bioamp-exg-pill/index |
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.. _bioamp-experiments: | ||
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BioAmp Experiments | ||
################### | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
:hidden: | ||
:maxdepth: 1 | ||
:caption: BioAmp Experiments |
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.. _bioamp-exg-pill: | ||
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BioAmp EXG Pill | ||
################## | ||
|
||
Professional-grade analog front-end amplification for ECG, EMG, EOG, and EEG biosensing on one tiny board. | ||
|
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Overview | ||
********* | ||
|
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BioAmp EXG Pill is a small, powerful analog-front-end (AFE) biopotential signal-acquisition board that can be paired | ||
with any microcontroller unit (MCU) or single-board computer (SBC) with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) such as | ||
Arduino UNO & Nano, Espressif ESP32, Adafruit QtPy, STM32 Blue Pill, BeagleBone Black, and Raspberry Pi Pico, to name | ||
just a few. It also works with any dedicated ADC, like the Texas Instruments ADS1115 and ADS131M0x, among others. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/BioAmp-EXG-Pill-Front.* | ||
:width: 500 | ||
:align: center | ||
|
||
BioAmp EXG Pill is capable of recording publication-quality biopotential signals like ECG, EMG, EOG, and EEG, without | ||
the inclusion of any dedicated hardware or software filters. Its small size allows easy integration into mobile and | ||
space-constrained projects, and its powerful noise rejection makes it usable even when the device is close to the AC | ||
mains supply. Any 1.5 mm diameter wire can be used as a strain-relieving electrode cable, making it very cost-effective | ||
in comparison to the other available. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/Basic-Circuit.* | ||
.. figure:: media/EXG_Recording.* | ||
|
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Features & Specifications | ||
************************** | ||
|
||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Minimum Input Voltage | 4.5-40 V | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Input Impedance | 10^12 ohm | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Compatible Hardware | Any development board with an ADC (Arduino UNO & Nano, Espressif ESP32, Adafruit QtPy, STM32 Blue Pill, BeagleBone Black, Raspberry Pi Pico, to name just a few) | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| BioPotentials | EMG, ECG, EOG, EEG (configurable band-pass) | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| No. of channels | 1 | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Electrodes | 2 or 3 (configurable) | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Dimensions | 25.4 x 10 mm | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Designed for use with carrier board | Yes | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
| Open Source | Hardware + Software | | ||
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ||
|
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Board layout | ||
************* | ||
|
||
Images below shows a quick overview of the BioAmp EXG Pill hardware design. | ||
|
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.. figure:: media/PCB_Front.* | ||
:width: 300 | ||
:align: left | ||
:alt: PCB Front | ||
|
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.. figure:: media/PCB_Back.* | ||
:width: 300 | ||
:align: right | ||
:alt: PCB Back | ||
|
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.. figure:: media/Front_Specifications.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
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.. figure:: media/Back_Specifications.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
||
ElectroMyoGraphy (EMG) | ||
*********************** | ||
|
||
Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. | ||
EMG is also used as a diagnostic procedure to assess the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them (motor | ||
neurons). EMG results can reveal nerve dysfunction, muscle dysfunction, or problems with nerve-to-muscle signal transmission. | ||
The images below show an EMG wave recorded with BioAmp EXG Pill and the electrode placement for the recorded EMG respectively. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/EMGEnvelop.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
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.. figure:: media/EMG.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
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ElectroCardioGraphy (ECG) | ||
************************** | ||
|
||
Electrocardiography (ECG) is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). It is a graph of voltage versus time | ||
of the electrical activity of the heart using electrodes placed on the skin. These electrodes detect the small electrical changes | ||
that are a consequence of cardiac muscle depolarization followed by repolarization during each cardiac cycle (heartbeat). The | ||
images below show electrode placement for lead 1 ECG recording, an ECG wave recorded with BioAmp EXG Pill and electrode placement | ||
for hand ECG/EKG recording respectively. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/ECG.* | ||
:align: center | ||
.. figure:: media/bioamp-Exg-Pill-ECG.* | ||
:align: center | ||
.. figure:: media/EKG.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
||
Electrooculography (EOG) | ||
************************* | ||
|
||
Electrooculography (EOG) is a technique for measuring the corneo-retinal standing potential that exists between the front and | ||
the back of the human eye. The resulting signal is called EOG. Common electrode placement for vertical & horizontal EOG recording | ||
is shown in the image below. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/bioamp-exg-pill-eog-electrode-placement.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
||
To measure eye movement, pairs of electrodes are typically placed either above and below the eye or to the left and right of | ||
the eye. If the eye moves from the center position toward one of the two electrodes, this electrode "sees" the positive side of | ||
the retina, and the opposite electrode "sees" the negative side of the retina. Consequently, a potential difference occurs between | ||
the electrodes. Assuming the resting potential is constant, the recorded potential is a measure of the eye’s position. The images | ||
below show electrode placement for vertical EOG recording, an EOG signal recorded with BioAmp EXG Pill and electrode placement for | ||
vertical EOG respectively. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/EOG-Horizontal.* | ||
:align: center | ||
.. figure:: media/bioamp-exg-pill-eog.* | ||
:align: center | ||
.. figure:: media/EOG-Vertical.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
||
Electroencephalography (EEG) | ||
***************************** | ||
|
||
Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity on the scalp. During | ||
the procedure, electrodes consisting of small metal discs with thin wires are pasted onto your scalp. The electrodes detect tiny | ||
electrical charges that result from the activity of your brain cells which are then amplified to appear on the computer screen. | ||
It is typically non-invasive, with the electrodes placed along the scalp. The images below show an EEG wave recorded with BioAmp | ||
EXG Pill and the electrode placement for the frontal cortex EEG recording respectively. | ||
|
||
.. figure:: media/bioamp-exg-pill-eeg.* | ||
:align: center | ||
.. figure:: media/EEG.* | ||
:align: center | ||
|
||
Glimpses of previous versions | ||
******************************* | ||
|
||
The BioAmp EXG Pill can be used in a variety of ways, the YouTube video below shows a potential way of using v0.7 of | ||
BioAmp EXG Pill. | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: G3z9fvQnuw | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
A lot has improved in terms of interference rejection and flexibility from v0.7 to v1.0 of the BioAmp EXG Pill. The YouTube video | ||
below shows the ECG, EMG, EOG, and EEG recording using v1.0b of device. | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: z9-B9bHWuhg | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
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Real-world Applications | ||
************************ | ||
|
||
BioAmp EXG Pill is perfect for researchers, makers, and hobbyists looking for novel ways to sample biopotential data. It can | ||
be used for a wide variety of interesting biosensing projects, including: | ||
|
||
- AI-assisted detection of congestive heart failure using CNN (ECG) | ||
- Heart-rate variability calculation to detect heart ailments (ECG) | ||
- Prosthetic arm (servo) control (EMG) | ||
- Controlling a 3DOF robotic arm (EMG) | ||
- Quantitative analysis of physical therapy for palsy (EMG) | ||
- Real-time game controllers (EOG) | ||
- Blink detection (EOG) | ||
- Capturing photos with a blink of an eye (EOG) | ||
- Controlling LEDs via brain waves (EEG) | ||
- Patient monitoring and many more examples. | ||
|
||
Some project ideas | ||
******************* | ||
|
||
.. grid:: 1 1 1 1 | ||
:margin: 4 4 0 0 | ||
:gutter: 2 | ||
|
||
.. grid-item:: | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
||
**1. Record Publication Grade ECG at Your Home Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: l1Z8S0pUAvY | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
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**2. Detecting Heart Beats Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
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.. youtube:: uB5R-vGJjJo | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
||
**3. Measuring Heart Rate Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: PvWtCFNK3_s | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
||
**4. Recording EEG From Pre Frontal Cortex of Brain Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: QzZh243-Ac8 | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
||
**5. Visualizing Electrical Impulses of Eyes (EOG) Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: Txo7DjUr5Tk | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
||
**6. Eye Blink Detection by Recording EOG Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: 4dnCX3U7LS8 | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% | ||
|
||
.. card:: | ||
|
||
**7. Drowsiness Detector by Detecting EOG Signals Using BioAmp EXG Pill** | ||
^^^^ | ||
|
||
.. youtube:: h4F41mp4mWk | ||
:align: center | ||
:width: 100% |
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