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Update skin prep guide content
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bhawnasehgal committed May 10, 2024
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94 changes: 68 additions & 26 deletions guides/usage-guides/skin-preparation/index.rst
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Expand Up @@ -8,26 +8,35 @@ Why skin preparation is important?

Proper skin preparation is crucial before recording any biopotential signal be it Electrocardiography (ECG), Electromyography (EMG), Electroencephalography (EEG), or Electrooculography (EOG).

- ``Clear recording surface`` Removes dead skin cells, oils, & other substances that increases skin impedance.
- ``Clean skin surface`` Removes dead skin cells, oils, & other substances that increases skin impedance.
- ``Improve impedance`` Improves the conduction of electrical signals from the body to the recording equipment and minimizes impedance.
- ``Electrode-skin contact`` Ensures optimal contact between the electrodes and the skin surface.
- ``Signal quality`` Enhances the overall quality of recorded signals, providing clear & reliable data for analysis & improves the ability to capture subtle variations in biopotential signals.
- ``Consistency in recordings`` Reduces variability in signal quality, making it easier to make any Human-Computer Interface (HCI), Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) project or a real-world application.
- ``Long term adhesion`` Facilitates long-term adhesion & stable placement of electrodes to the skin during extended signal monitoring.

Requirements
Kit Contents
**************

.. _Nuprep gel: https://store.upsidedownlabs.tech/product/nuprep-gel/
.. _Electrode gel: https://store.upsidedownlabs.tech/product/electrode-gel/
.. _Ten20 paste: https://store.upsidedownlabs.tech/product/ten20-paste/

+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| `Nuprep gel`_ | Mildly abrasive, highly conductive gel that should be applied before placing the electrodes on the skin to improve signal quality & enhances the performance of monitoring electrodes. |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **NuPrep Gel** | Mildly abrasive, highly conductive gel that should be applied before placing the electrodes on the skin to improve signal quality & enhances the performance of monitoring electrodes. |
| `Electrode Gel`_ | Highly conductive gel that acts as a coupling agent between electrodes and the skin to aid the transmission of biopotential signals like ECG, EMG, EOG, or EEG. |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **Electrode Gel** | Highly conductive gel that acts as a coupling agent between electrodes and the skin to aid the transmission of biopotential signals like ECG, EMG, EOG, or EEG. |
| `Ten20 paste`_ | Contains the right balance of adhesiveness and conductivity, enabling the dry electrodes to remain in place while allowing the transmittance of biopotential signals. |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **Ten20 Paste** | Contains the right balance of adhesiveness and conductivity, enabling the dry electrodes to remain in place while allowing the transmittance of biopotential signals. |
| Alcohol Swabs/Wet wipes | Soft & non-woven pads that helps in cleaning the skin surface and does not leave any residue. |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **Alcohol Swabs/Wet wipes** | Soft & non-woven pads that helps in cleaning the skin surface and does not leave any residue. |
| Cotton Swabs | Useful while applying nuprep gel or ten20 paste. |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

.. figure:: media/kit-contents.*
:align: center

Steps to follow
*****************

Expand All @@ -36,52 +45,85 @@ You can follow the steps given below to do the skin preparation properly:
Step 1: Identify the targeted area
=====================================

Identify the target area where the gel electrodes will be placed for recording ECG, EMG, EEG, or EOG.
Identify the target area where the gel electrodes or BioAmp Bands will be placed for recording the biopotential signals.

.. figure:: media/skin-prep-eog.*
:align: center

.. image:: media/skin-prep-eog.*
Target area to record EOG

.. image:: media/skin-prep-emg.*
.. figure:: media/skin-prep-emg.*
:align: center

.. image:: media/skin-prep-ecg.*
Target area to record EMG

.. image:: media/skin-prep-eeg.*
.. figure:: media/skin-prep-ecg.*
:align: center

Step 2: Apply the gel
======================
Target area to record ECG

Apply a drop of NuPrep gel to your targeted area where the electrodes will be placed.
.. figure:: media/skin-prep-eeg.*
:align: center

.. image:: media/step-2.*
Target area to record EEG

Step 3
=======
Step 2: Apply NuPrep gel
==========================

Take a small amount of NuPrep gel using a cotton swab and apply it on your targeted area.

.. figure:: media/step-2.*

Step 3: Clean the skin surface
===============================

Use gentle, circular motions to rub the gel on the skin surface. This removes all the dead skin cells & improves conductivity.

.. figure:: media/step-3.*

.. warning:: Do not rub the gel for too long as it has abrasive properties and may cause skin redness and irritation.

Step 4
========
Step 4: Wipe off the gel
===================================

Wipe away excess gel with the alcohol swabs or wet wipes.
Wipe away excess gel with alcohol swabs or wet wipes.

.. figure:: media/step-4.*

.. warning:: Close your eyes while using the alcohol swabs for EOG recording else it may cause eye redness & irritation.

Step 5
========
Step 5: Measuring the signals
=================================

Now you can either use gel electrodes or the BioAmp bands for the signal recording.
Now you can either use gel electrodes or BioAmp bands for the signal recording.

Using gel electrodes
----------------------

Connect the BioAmp cable to gel electrodes, peel the plastic backing from electrodes and place the IN+, IN-, REF cables according to your specific biopotential recording.
Connect the BioAmp cable to gel electrodes, peel the plastic backing from electrodes and place the IN+, IN-, REF cables according to your specific biopotential recording.

.. figure:: media/step-5a.*
:align: center

.. note:: While placing the gel electrodes on the skin, make sure to place the non-sticky tab of the electrode in the direction opposite to your hair growth. This allows you to remove the electrodes easily without pulling off much body hair.

Using BioAmp bands
----------------------

Connect the BioAmp cable to your BioAmp band. Now apply a small amount of electrode gel or Ten20 conductive paste on the dry electrodes between the skin and metallic part of BioAmp cable. This improves the signal conductivity, enhancing overall signal quality.
Connect the BioAmp cable to your BioAmp band. Now apply a small amount of ``electrode gel`` or ``Ten20 conductive paste`` on the dry electrodes between the skin and metallic part of BioAmp cable. This improves the signal conductivity, enhancing overall signal quality.

.. figure:: media/step-5b.*
:align: center

Method 1: Using Electrode gel

.. figure:: media/step-5c.*
:align: center

Method 2: Using Ten20 paste

.. note:: The above graphics demonstrates the use of electrode gel/Ten20 paste with Muscle BioAmp Band. Similarly you can use Brain BioAmp Band and Heart BioAmp Band. Refer to :ref:`using-bioamp-bands` guide to assemble and use all the BioAmp Bands correctly.

Now you are all set! Make all the connections correctly and start recording your biopotential signals.

.. note:: NuPrep gel, Ten20 paste and the alcohol swabs shouldn't be used if you have a history of skin allergies to lotions and cosmetics.
.. warning:: NuPrep gel, Ten20 paste and the alcohol swabs shouldn't be used if you have a history of skin allergies to lotions and cosmetics.
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