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Introduction to Openlane

OpenLane is an automated RTL to GDSII flow based on several components including OpenROAD, Yosys, Magic, Netgen, CVC, SPEF-Extractor, KLayout and a number of custom scripts for design exploration and optimization. It also provides a number of custom scripts for design exploration, optimization and ECO.
The flow performs all ASIC implementation steps from RTL all the way down to GDSII. Currently, it supports both A and B variants of the sky130 PDK, but support for the newly released GF180MCU PDK is in the works, and instructions to add support for other (including proprietary) PDKs are documented.

Openlane Lab Purpose

  • Setup a Docker image of Openlane flow
  • Execute Openlane flow in non-interactive/interactive mode
  • Change component configurations before executing Openlane flow
  • Create a customized Openlane Docker image

Openlane Lab Prerequisites

1. Setup a Docker image of Openlane flow

Install Docker packages (remove old Docker firstly):

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt install build-essential python3 python3-venv python3-pip make git -y
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker.io containerd runc -y
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release -y
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
$ echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
     $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin -y
$ sudo docker -v
Docker version 23.0.1, build a5ee5b1

Set USER and add it to Docker group (docker command without sudo):
e.g. boledu@HLS:~$, yourusername = boledu

$ USER=yourusername
$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
$ sudo reboot

Get Openlane lab sources form offical github or attached OpenLane.zip:

$ git clone -b 2022.10.20 --depth 1 https://github.com/The-OpenROAD-Project/OpenLane

Build Openlane Docker image:

$ cd /home/$USER/OpenLane/
$ make

Check built Openlane Docker image:

$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                                        IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
efabless/openlane   daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af   80bd52b6e039   2 months ago   974MB

2. Execute Openlane flow in non-interactive/interactive mode

We use the RTL design spm located in directory /OpenLane/designs/spm/src as Openlane flow import and we output result log files of each Openlane flow step. Two Openlane configuration files: config.json and pin_order.cfg (optional) are placed in /OpenLane/designs/spm. The configuration variables used in config.json can be referenced from configuration variables and clock tree synthesis. The pin_order.cfg is set IO placement manually, other IO placement options can be referenced from IO Placement.

$ cd /home/$USER/OpenLane/designs/spm
$ ls
config.json  pin_order.cfg  src
$ cat config.json
{
"DESIGN_NAME": "spm",
"VERILOG_FILES": "dir::src/*.v",
"CLOCK_PERIOD": 10,
"CLOCK_PORT": "clk",
"CLOCK_NET": "ref::$CLOCK_PORT",
"FP_PDN_VOFFSET": 7,
"FP_PDN_HOFFSET": 7,
"FP_PIN_ORDER_CFG": "dir::pin_order.cfg",
"FP_PDN_SKIPTRIM": true,
"pdk::sky130*": {
    "FP_CORE_UTIL": 45,
    "scl::sky130_fd_sc_hd": {
        "CLOCK_PERIOD": 10
    },
    "scl::sky130_fd_sc_hdll": {
        "CLOCK_PERIOD": 10
    },
    "scl::sky130_fd_sc_hs": {
        "CLOCK_PERIOD": 8
    },
    "scl::sky130_fd_sc_ls": {
        "CLOCK_PERIOD": 10,
        "SYNTH_MAX_FANOUT": 5
    },
    "scl::sky130_fd_sc_ms": {
        "CLOCK_PERIOD": 10
    }
},
"pdk::gf180mcuC": {
    "CLOCK_PERIOD": 24.0,
    "FP_CORE_UTIL": 40,
    "SYNTH_MAX_FANOUT": 4,
    "PL_TARGET_DENSITY": 0.45
}
}

Test to start/finish an Openlane Docker container:

$ docker run -it efabless/openlane:daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ ls
AUTHORS.md  configuration  dependencies  designs  env.py  flow.tcl  LICENSE  regression_results  run_designs.py  scripts
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ exit
exit

Openlane flow in non-interactive mode:

$ cd /home/$USER/OpenLane && \
     docker run --rm -v /home/$USER/OpenLane:/openlane -v /home/$USER/OpenLane/designs:/openlane/install -v /home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks:/home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks \
     -e PDK_ROOT=/home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks -e PDK=sky130A --user 1000:1000 -e DISPLAY=localhost:10.0 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -v \
     /home/$USER/.Xauthority:/.Xauthority --network host -ti efabless/openlane:daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af    
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ sh -c "./flow.tcl -design spm -tag openlane_test -overwrite"  && \
     [ -f ./designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/results/signoff/spm.gds ] && \
     echo "Basic test passed" || \
     echo "Basic test failed"
OpenLane daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af
All rights reserved. (c) 2020-2022 Efabless Corporation and contributors.
Available under the Apache License, version 2.0. See the LICENSE file for more details.

[INFO]: Using configuration in 'designs/spm/config.json'...
[INFO]: PDK Root: /home/hls/OpenLane/pdks
[INFO]: Process Design Kit: sky130A
[INFO]: Standard Cell Library: sky130_fd_sc_hd
[INFO]: Optimization Standard Cell Library: sky130_fd_sc_hd
[INFO]: Run Directory: /openlane/designs/spm/runs/openlane_test
[INFO]: Preparing LEF files for the nom corner...
[INFO]: Preparing LEF files for the min corner...
[INFO]: Preparing LEF files for the max corner...
[STEP 1]
[INFO]: Running Synthesis (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/synthesis/1-synthesis.log)...
[STEP 2]
[INFO]: Running Single-Corner Static Timing Analysis (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/synthesis/2-sta.log)...
[STEP 3]
[INFO]: Running Initial Floorplanning (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/3-initial_fp.log)...
[WARNING]: Current core area is too small for the power grid settings chosen. The power grid will be scaled down.
[INFO]: Floorplanned with width 90.62 and height 89.76.
[STEP 4]
[INFO]: Running IO Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/4-place_io.log)...
[STEP 5]
[INFO]: Running Tap/Decap Insertion (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/5-tap.log)...
[INFO]: Power planning with power {VPWR} and ground {VGND}...
[STEP 6]
[INFO]: Generating PDN (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/6-pdn.log)...
[STEP 7]
[INFO]: Running Global Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/placement/7-global.log)...
[STEP 8]
[INFO]: Running Placement Resizer Design Optimizations (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/placement/8-resizer.log)...
[STEP 9]
[INFO]: Running Detailed Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/placement/9-detailed.log)...
[STEP 10]
[INFO]: Running Clock Tree Synthesis (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/cts/10-cts.log)...
[STEP 11]
[INFO]: Running Placement Resizer Timing Optimizations (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/cts/11-resizer.log)...
[STEP 12]
[INFO]: Running Global Routing Resizer Timing Optimizations (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/routing/12-resizer.log)...
[STEP 13]
[INFO]: Running Detailed Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/routing/13-diode_legalization.log)...
[STEP 14]
[INFO]: Running Global Routing (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/routing/14-global.log)...
[INFO]: Starting OpenROAD Antenna Repair Iterations...
[STEP 15]
[INFO]: Writing Verilog (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/routing/14-global_write_netlist.log)...
[STEP 16]
[INFO]: Running Fill Insertion (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/routing/16-fill.log)...
[STEP 17]
[INFO]: Running Detailed Routing (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/routing/17-detailed.log)...
[INFO]: No DRC violations after detailed routing.
[STEP 18]
[INFO]: Running SPEF Extraction at the min process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/18-parasitics_extraction.min.log)...
[STEP 19]
[INFO]: Running Multi-Corner Static Timing Analysis at the min process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/19-rcx_mcsta.min.log)...
[STEP 20]
[INFO]: Running SPEF Extraction at the max process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/20-parasitics_extraction.max.log)...
[STEP 21]
[INFO]: Running Multi-Corner Static Timing Analysis at the max process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/21-rcx_mcsta.max.log)...
[STEP 22]
[INFO]: Running SPEF Extraction at the nom process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/22-parasitics_extraction.nom.log)...
[STEP 23]
[INFO]: Running Multi-Corner Static Timing Analysis at the nom process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/23-rcx_mcsta.nom.log)...
[STEP 24]
[INFO]: Running Single-Corner Static Timing Analysis at the nom process corner (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/24-rcx_sta.log)...
[STEP 25]
[INFO]: Creating IR Drop Report (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/25-irdrop.log)...
[STEP 26]
[INFO]: Running Magic to generate various views...
[INFO]: Streaming out GDSII with Magic (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/26-gdsii.log)...
[INFO]: Generating MAGLEF views...
[STEP 27]
[INFO]: Streaming out GDSII with KLayout (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/27-gdsii-klayout.log)...
[STEP 28]
[INFO]: Running XOR on the layouts using KLayout (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/28-xor.log)...
[STEP 29]
[INFO]: Running Magic Spice Export from LEF (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/29-spice.log)...
[STEP 30]
[INFO]: Writing Powered Verilog (logs: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/30-write_powered_def.log, designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/30-write_powered_verilog.log)...
[STEP 31]
[INFO]: Writing Verilog (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/30-write_powered_verilog.log)...
[STEP 32]
[INFO]: Running LVS (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/32-lvs.lef.log)...
[STEP 33]
[INFO]: Running Magic DRC (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/33-drc.log)...
[INFO]: Converting Magic DRC database to various tool-readable formats...
[INFO]: No DRC violations after GDS streaming out.
[STEP 34]
[INFO]: Running OpenROAD Antenna Rule Checker (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/34-antenna.log)...
[STEP 35]
[INFO]: Running CVC (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/signoff/35-erc_screen.log)...
[INFO]: Saving current set of views in 'designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/results/final'...
[INFO]: Saving runtime environment...
[INFO]: Generating final set of reports...
[INFO]: Created manufacturability report at 'designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/reports/manufacturability.rpt'.
[INFO]: Created metrics report at 'designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/reports/metrics.csv'.
[INFO]: There are no max slew, max fanout or max capacitance violations in the design at the typical corner.
[INFO]: There are no hold violations in the design at the typical corner.
[INFO]: There are no setup violations in the design at the typical corner.
[SUCCESS]: Flow complete.
[INFO]: Note that the following warnings have been generated:
[WARNING]: Current core area is too small for the power grid settings chosen. The power grid will be scaled down.    

Basic test passed
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ klayout -e -nn $PDK_ROOT/sky130A/libs.tech/klayout/tech/sky130A.lyt \
     -l $PDK_ROOT/sky130A/libs.tech/klayout/tech/sky130A.lyp \
      ./designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/results/final/gds/spm.gds
# View layout in KLayout GUI
# Close KLayout GUI
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ exit
exit

Openlane flow in interactive mode:

$ cd /home/$USER/OpenLane && \
     docker run --rm -v /home/$USER/OpenLane:/openlane -v /home/$USER/OpenLane/designs:/openlane/install -v /home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks:/home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks \
     -e PDK_ROOT=/home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks -e PDK=sky130A --user 1000:1000 -e DISPLAY=localhost:10.0 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -v \
     /home/$USER/.Xauthority:/.Xauthority --network host -ti efabless/openlane:daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af    
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ sh -c "./flow.tcl -interactive"
OpenLane daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af
All rights reserved. (c) 2020-2022 Efabless Corporation and contributors.
Available under the Apache License, version 2.0. See the LICENSE file for more details.

% package require openlane
0.9
% prep -design spm -tag openlane_test -overwrite
[INFO]: Using configuration in 'designs/spm/config.json'...
[INFO]: PDK Root: /home/hls/OpenLane/pdks
[INFO]: Process Design Kit: sky130A
[INFO]: Standard Cell Library: sky130_fd_sc_hd
[INFO]: Optimization Standard Cell Library: sky130_fd_sc_hd
[INFO]: Run Directory: /openlane/designs/spm/runs/openlane_test
[INFO]: Removing existing /openlane/designs/spm/runs/openlane_test...
[INFO]: Preparing LEF files for the nom corner...
[INFO]: Preparing LEF files for the min corner...
[INFO]: Preparing LEF files for the max corner...
% run_synthesis
[STEP 1]
[INFO]: Running Synthesis (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/synthesis/1-synthesis.log)...
[STEP 2]
[INFO]: Running Single-Corner Static Timing Analysis (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/synthesis/2-sta.log)...
% run_floorplan
[STEP 3]
[INFO]: Running Initial Floorplanning (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/3-initial_fp.log)...
[WARNING]: Current core area is too small for the power grid settings chosen. The power grid will be scaled down.
[INFO]: Floorplanned with width 90.62 and height 89.76.
[STEP 4]
[INFO]: Running IO Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/4-place_io.log)...
[STEP 5]
[INFO]: Running Tap/Decap Insertion (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/5-tap.log)...
[INFO]: Power planning with power {VPWR} and ground {VGND}...
[STEP 6]
[INFO]: Generating PDN (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/floorplan/6-pdn.log)...
% run_placement
[STEP 7]
[INFO]: Running Global Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/placement/7-global.log)...
[STEP 8]
[INFO]: Running Placement Resizer Design Optimizations (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/placement/8-resizer.log)...
[STEP 9]
[INFO]: Running Detailed Placement (log: designs/spm/runs/openlane_test/logs/placement/9-detailed.log)...
% exit
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ exit
exit

More interactive Openlane Tcl commands.

3. Change component configurations before executing Openlane flow

Change and save configurations in an example synthesis.tcl:

$ cd /home/$USER/OpenLane && \
     docker run --rm -v /home/$USER/OpenLane:/openlane -v /home/$USER/OpenLane/designs:/openlane/install -v /home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks:/home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks \
     -e PDK_ROOT=/home/$USER/OpenLane/pdks -e PDK=sky130A --user 1000:1000 -e DISPLAY=localhost:10.0 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -v \
     /home/$USER/.Xauthority:/.Xauthority --network host -ti efabless/openlane:daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ ls configuration/
checkers.tcl  cts.tcl  extraction.tcl  floorplan.tcl  general.tcl  load_order.txt  placement.tcl  routing.tcl  synthesis.tcl  
OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$ vi configuration/synthesis.tcl

# Copyright 2020 Efabless Corporation
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Synth defaults
set ::env(SYNTH_BIN) yosys
set ::env(SYNTH_SCRIPT) $::env(SCRIPTS_DIR)/yosys/synth.tcl
set ::env(SYNTH_NO_FLAT) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_CLOCK_UNCERTAINTY) 0.25
set ::env(SYNTH_CLOCK_TRANSITION) 0.15
set ::env(SYNTH_TIMING_DERATE) 0.05
set ::env(SYNTH_SHARE_RESOURCES) 1
set ::env(SYNTH_BUFFERING) 1
set ::env(SYNTH_SIZING) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_MAX_FANOUT) 10
set ::env(SYNTH_STRATEGY) "AREA 0"
set ::env(SYNTH_ADDER_TYPE) "YOSYS"
set ::env(CLOCK_BUFFER_FANOUT) 16
set ::env(SYNTH_READ_BLACKBOX_LIB) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_ELABORATE_ONLY) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_FLAT_TOP) 0
set ::env(IO_PCT) 0.2
set ::env(SYNTH_EXTRA_MAPPING_FILE) ""
set ::env(BASE_SDC_FILE) $::env(SCRIPTS_DIR)/base.sdc

:wq!

OpenLane Container (daae215):/openlane$

The Openlane flow defined configuration variables.

4. Create a customized Openlane Docker image

Run Openlane Docker container in background:

$ docker run -d -it efabless/openlane:daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af
c0b53c50e2a3abaf5f3360f73478e264c83abd18834513d261e64ac2b70d50c1

Query running Docker container and get its CONTAINER ID 'c0b53c50e2a3':

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
c0b53c50e2a3   80bd52b6e039   "/bin/sh -c /bin/bash"   7 seconds ago   Up 6 seconds             reverent_chebyshev

copy customized synthesis.tcl into Docker container:

$ docker cp ./synthesis.tcl c0b53c50e2a3:/openlane/configuration/synthesis.tcl
$ cat ./synthesis.tcl
#
# customized openlane synthesis configurations by boledulab
# Synth defaults
#
set ::env(SYNTH_BIN) yosys
set ::env(SYNTH_SCRIPT) $::env(SCRIPTS_DIR)/yosys/synth.tcl
set ::env(SYNTH_NO_FLAT) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_CLOCK_UNCERTAINTY) 0.25
set ::env(SYNTH_CLOCK_TRANSITION) 0.15
set ::env(SYNTH_TIMING_DERATE) 0.05
set ::env(SYNTH_SHARE_RESOURCES) 1
set ::env(SYNTH_BUFFERING) 1
set ::env(SYNTH_SIZING) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_MAX_FANOUT) 5
set ::env(SYNTH_STRATEGY) "AREA 0"
set ::env(SYNTH_ADDER_TYPE) "YOSYS"
set ::env(CLOCK_BUFFER_FANOUT) 16
set ::env(SYNTH_READ_BLACKBOX_LIB) 0
set ::env(SYNTH_ELABORATE_ONLY) 1
set ::env(SYNTH_FLAT_TOP) 1
set ::env(IO_PCT) 0.2
set ::env(SYNTH_EXTRA_MAPPING_FILE) ""
set ::env(BASE_SDC_FILE) $::env(SCRIPTS_DIR)/base.sdc

Save changed Docker container to new Openlane Docker image:

$ docker commit c0b53c50e2a3 boledulab/openlane-lab:1.0

List Docker images:

$ docker images
REPOSITORY               TAG                                        IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
boledulab/openlane-lab   1.0                                        a4d7bca163b7   14 seconds ago   974MB
efabless/openlane        daae2154590cf20e0c20b77e3fc02b6526ad09af   80bd52b6e039   2 months ago     974MB

The same way as above, you can update routing.tcl, placement.tcl, ... in your own configured Openlane docker image.

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