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janeabdo committed Jun 19, 2024
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Hey! I'm Jane. I have a background in neuroscience and I'm now completing my professional master's in biomedical engineering at Polytechnique Montréal. In an effort to blend both, here's my project on computational neuroscience:)

<h1> Controlling machines with imagination </h1>
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/Project%20intro.gif?raw=true" width="800" >
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/Project%20intro.gif?raw=true" >
<h3> <strong>Introduction:</strong> </h3>
A variety of movement types can be decoded from brain signals during movement execution, ex: wrist flexion and extension, grabbing, finger moving… (<a href= "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6901702/ "> Volkova et al, 2019</a>). These decoded signals can then be used to control external devices, such as a screen cursor, a mouse or a prosthetic limb. Certain handicapped populations, like paralyzed and amputated people, could largely benefit from the control of external devices. As they do not have brain signals associated with the execution of movement, other ways of controlling the external device are needed. Fortunately, studies have shown that motor imagery (imagining executing movement) and motor control (executing movement) share neural mechanisms, by activating similar brain regions (<a href= "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18819106/ "> Guillot et al, 2009</a>).
<br> Hence, the question is: Can we decode movement types based on brain signals from imagined movement?
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<h3> <strong> Tools :</strong> </h3>
<h3> <strong> Methods & Results:</strong> </h3>
The starting point was examining the data. Upon doing so, I realized the electrode placement was different depending on the subject. Since the study was realized in the context of an presurgerical epileptic monitoring, the location of the electrodes depended on the approximate source of the epilepsy. The 3D brains with the electrodes of each individual were plotted. Only the electrodes present in the precentral and postcentral gyruses were selected, as these regions are involved in the execution and imagination of movement (INSERT REF).
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/images/brains.png?raw=true" width="200" >
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/images/brains.png?raw=true">
Click here for the interactive version:

After that, the performance of the classifier on each individual was plotted.
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The three classifiers were compared on both the actual and the imagined movement conditions.
<br>For the actual movement:
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/images/classifier_actual_movement.png?raw=true" width="200" >
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/images/classifier_actual_movement.png?raw=true" >
<br> For the imagined moveemnt:
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/images/classifier_imagined_movement.png?raw=true" width="200"$
<img src="https://github.com/brainhack-school2024/abdo_project/blob/iss1/images/classifier_imagined_movement.png?raw=true" >
<h3> <strong> Conclusion :</strong> </h3>
<br> Contrary to my beliefs, it seemed that no single classifier excels for everyone; each individual's data requires a tailored approach for optimal performance.
<br> Fortunately, each individual had at least one classifier with an accuracy > 50%.
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