build: bump go to 1.22

[kruskall]

Motivation/summary

Bump go version to 1.22

Checklist

• Update CHANGELOG.asciidoc
• Documentation has been updated

For functional changes, consider:

• Is it observable through the addition of either logging or metrics?
• Is its use being published in telemetry to enable product improvement?
• Have system tests been added to avoid regression?

How to test these changes

Related issues

Closes #12792

[mergify]

This pull request does not have a backport label. Could you fix it @kruskall? 🙏
To fixup this pull request, you need to add the backport labels for the needed
branches, such as:

• backport-7.17 is the label to automatically backport to the 7.17 branch.
• backport-8./d is the label to automatically backport to the 8./d branch. /d is the digit.

NOTE: backport-skip has been added to this pull request.

[v1v]

Is https://github.com/elastic/apm-server/blob/main/.go-version also required to be updated?

[kruskall]

Is https://github.com/elastic/apm-server/blob/main/.go-version also required to be updated?

Good catch! Updated!

[v1v]

LGTM! My comment for 1.22.1 is not a blocker, updatecli will run and bump the 1.22 patch versions.