Set operations: intersection, union, difference

README.md

@@ -230,14 +230,19 @@ func main() {
 
 A set is a data structure that can store elements and has no repeated values. It is a computer implementation of the mathematical concept of a finite set. Unlike most other collection types, rather than retrieving a specific element from a set, one typically tests an element for membership in a set. This structure is often used to ensure that no duplicates are present in a container.
 
+Set additionally allow set operations such as [intersection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_(set_theory)), [union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_(set_theory)), [difference](https://proofwiki.org/wiki/Definition:Set_Difference), etc.
+
 Implements [Container](#containers) interface.
 
 ```go
 type Set interface {
 	Add(elements ...interface{})
 	Remove(elements ...interface{})
 	Contains(elements ...interface{}) bool
-
+    // Intersection(another *Set) *Set
+    // Union(another *Set) *Set
+    // Difference(another *Set) *Set
+
 	containers.Container
 	// Empty() bool
 	// Size() int

containers/enumerable.go

@@ -11,11 +11,9 @@ type EnumerableWithIndex interface {
 
 	// Map invokes the given function once for each element and returns a
 	// container containing the values returned by the given function.
-	// TODO would appreciate help on how to enforce this in containers (don't want to type assert when chaining)
 	// Map(func(index int, value interface{}) interface{}) Container
 
 	// Select returns a new container containing all elements for which the given function returns a true value.
-	// TODO need help on how to enforce this in containers (don't want to type assert when chaining)
 	// Select(func(index int, value interface{}) bool) Container
 
 	// Any passes each element of the container to the given function and
@@ -39,11 +37,9 @@ type EnumerableWithKey interface {
 
 	// Map invokes the given function once for each element and returns a container
 	// containing the values returned by the given function as key/value pairs.
-	// TODO need help on how to enforce this in containers (don't want to type assert when chaining)
 	// Map(func(key interface{}, value interface{}) (interface{}, interface{})) Container
 
 	// Select returns a new container containing all elements for which the given function returns a true value.
-	// TODO need help on how to enforce this in containers (don't want to type assert when chaining)
 	// Select(func(key interface{}, value interface{}) bool) Container
 
 	// Any passes each element of the container to the given function and

sets/hashset/hashset.go

@@ -97,3 +97,58 @@ func (set *Set) String() string {
 	str += strings.Join(items, ", ")
 	return str
 }
+
+// Intersection returns the intersection between two sets.
+// The new set consists of all elements that are both in "set" and "another".
+// Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_(set_theory)
+func (set *Set) Intersection(another *Set) *Set {
+	result := New()
+
+	// Iterate over smaller set (optimization)
+	if set.Size() <= another.Size() {
+		for item, _ := range set.items {
+			if _, contains := another.items[item]; contains {
+				result.Add(item)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		for item, _ := range another.items {
+			if _, contains := set.items[item]; contains {
+				result.Add(item)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// Union returns the union of two sets.
+// The new set consists of all elements that are in "set" or "another" (possibly both).
+// Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_(set_theory)
+func (set *Set) Union(another *Set) *Set {
+	result := New()
+
+	for item, _ := range set.items {
+		result.Add(item)
+	}
+	for item, _ := range another.items {
+		result.Add(item)
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// Difference returns the difference between two sets.
+// The new set consists of all elements that are in "set" but not in "another".
+// Ref: https://proofwiki.org/wiki/Definition:Set_Difference
+func (set *Set) Difference(another *Set) *Set {
+	result := New()
+
+	for item, _ := range set.items {
+		if _, contains := another.items[item]; !contains {
+			result.Add(item)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}

sets/hashset/hashset_test.go

@@ -111,6 +111,72 @@ func TestSetSerialization(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestSetIntersection(t *testing.T) {
+	set := New()
+	another := New()
+
+	intersection := set.Intersection(another)
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := intersection.Size(), 0; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+
+	set.Add("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	another.Add("c", "d", "e", "f")
+
+	intersection = set.Intersection(another)
+
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := intersection.Size(), 2; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+	if actualValue := intersection.Contains("c", "d"); actualValue != true {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, true)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetUnion(t *testing.T) {
+	set := New()
+	another := New()
+
+	union := set.Union(another)
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := union.Size(), 0; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+
+	set.Add("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	another.Add("c", "d", "e", "f")
+
+	union = set.Union(another)
+
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := union.Size(), 6; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+	if actualValue := union.Contains("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"); actualValue != true {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, true)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetDifference(t *testing.T) {
+	set := New()
+	another := New()
+
+	difference := set.Difference(another)
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := difference.Size(), 0; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+
+	set.Add("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	another.Add("c", "d", "e", "f")
+
+	difference = set.Difference(another)
+
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := difference.Size(), 2; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+	if actualValue := difference.Contains("a", "b"); actualValue != true {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, true)
+	}
+}
+
 func benchmarkContains(b *testing.B, set *Set, size int) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		for n := 0; n < size; n++ {

sets/linkedhashset/linkedhashset.go

@@ -116,3 +116,58 @@ func (set *Set) String() string {
 	str += strings.Join(items, ", ")
 	return str
 }
+
+// Intersection returns the intersection between two sets.
+// The new set consists of all elements that are both in "set" and "another".
+// Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_(set_theory)
+func (set *Set) Intersection(another *Set) *Set {
+	result := New()
+
+	// Iterate over smaller set (optimization)
+	if set.Size() <= another.Size() {
+		for item, _ := range set.table {
+			if _, contains := another.table[item]; contains {
+				result.Add(item)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		for item, _ := range another.table {
+			if _, contains := set.table[item]; contains {
+				result.Add(item)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// Union returns the union of two sets.
+// The new set consists of all elements that are in "set" or "another" (possibly both).
+// Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_(set_theory)
+func (set *Set) Union(another *Set) *Set {
+	result := New()
+
+	for item, _ := range set.table {
+		result.Add(item)
+	}
+	for item, _ := range another.table {
+		result.Add(item)
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// Difference returns the difference between two sets.
+// The new set consists of all elements that are in "set" but not in "another".
+// Ref: https://proofwiki.org/wiki/Definition:Set_Difference
+func (set *Set) Difference(another *Set) *Set {
+	result := New()
+
+	for item, _ := range set.table {
+		if _, contains := another.table[item]; !contains {
+			result.Add(item)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}

sets/linkedhashset/linkedhashset_test.go

@@ -465,6 +465,72 @@ func TestSetSerialization(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestSetIntersection(t *testing.T) {
+	set := New()
+	another := New()
+
+	intersection := set.Intersection(another)
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := intersection.Size(), 0; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+
+	set.Add("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	another.Add("c", "d", "e", "f")
+
+	intersection = set.Intersection(another)
+
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := intersection.Size(), 2; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+	if actualValue := intersection.Contains("c", "d"); actualValue != true {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, true)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetUnion(t *testing.T) {
+	set := New()
+	another := New()
+
+	union := set.Union(another)
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := union.Size(), 0; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+
+	set.Add("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	another.Add("c", "d", "e", "f")
+
+	union = set.Union(another)
+
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := union.Size(), 6; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+	if actualValue := union.Contains("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"); actualValue != true {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, true)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetDifference(t *testing.T) {
+	set := New()
+	another := New()
+
+	difference := set.Difference(another)
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := difference.Size(), 0; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+
+	set.Add("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	another.Add("c", "d", "e", "f")
+
+	difference = set.Difference(another)
+
+	if actualValue, expectedValue := difference.Size(), 2; actualValue != expectedValue {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, expectedValue)
+	}
+	if actualValue := difference.Contains("a", "b"); actualValue != true {
+		t.Errorf("Got %v expected %v", actualValue, true)
+	}
+}
+
 func benchmarkContains(b *testing.B, set *Set, size int) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		for n := 0; n < size; n++ {

sets/sets.go

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ type Set interface {
 	Add(elements ...interface{})
 	Remove(elements ...interface{})
 	Contains(elements ...interface{}) bool
+	// Intersection(another *Set) *Set
+	// Union(another *Set) *Set
+	// Difference(another *Set) *Set
 
 	containers.Container
 	// Empty() bool