Rewrite Storage Component in C++ #1497

Job	Run time
mypy-typechecking	57s
black	52s
format	11s
flake8	40s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, gcc, g++, 11)	21m 37s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, clang, clang++, 14)	21m 42s
Build + Test (C++) (Release, clang, clang++, 16, true)	27m 26s
isort	50s
pylint	1m 23s
tidy	20m 43s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, gcc, g++, 11)	21m 27s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, gcc, g++, 12)	29m 4s
unittests	9m 45s
C++ Test Coverage (gets coverage of main branch, currently not main branch because no C++ on main)	30m 44s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, clang, clang++, 14)	19m 55s
Build + Test (C++) (Debug, clang, clang++, 16, true)	33m 14s
Build + Test (C++) (clang, clang++, 14, Tsan)	25m 15s
Build + Test (C++) (clang, clang++, 14, Asan)	30m 15s
integrationtests	1m 4s
dockerized-unittests	0s
Comment Coverage Results	0s
	4h 57m 4s

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