update Docker base image to Debian Bookworm

This patch updates the Docker base image to Debian Bookworm and
accommodates for the following changes.

*   The APT sources list in the container changed from
    `/etc/apt/sources.list` to `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources`.
    A `.sources` file is a list of key value pairs including a
    `Components` key.

*   The version of the libtbb dependency changed from 2 to 12.

*   Since Python 3.11 pip complains about installing packages outside of
    a virtual environment unless the `--break-system-packages` flag is
    used.

devtools/container/build.py

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 
     container = stack.enter_context(Container.new_from(base, mounts=[Mount(src=wheel, dst=f'/{wheel.name}')]))
 
-    container.run('pip', 'install', '--no-cache-dir', f'/{wheel.name}[export_mpl,import_gmsh,matrix_scipy]', env=dict(PYTHONHASHSEED='0'))
+    container.run('pip', 'install', '--break-system-packages', '--no-cache-dir', f'/{wheel.name}[export_mpl,import_gmsh,matrix_scipy]', env=dict(PYTHONHASHSEED='0'))
     container.add_label('org.opencontainers.image.url', 'https://github.com/evalf/nutils')
     container.add_label('org.opencontainers.image.source', 'https://github.com/evalf/nutils')
     container.add_label('org.opencontainers.image.authors', 'Evalf')

devtools/container/build_base.py

@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@
 
 log.info(f'building container base image with name `{image_name}`')
 
-with Container.new_from('debian:bullseye', network='host') as container:
-    container.run('sed', '-i', 's/ main$/ main contrib non-free/', '/etc/apt/sources.list')
+with Container.new_from('debian:bookworm', network='host') as container:
+    container.run('sed', '-i', 's/^Components: .*$/Components: main contrib non-free/', '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources')
     container.run('apt', 'update')
-    # Package `libtbb2` is required when using Intel MKL with environment
+    # Package `libtbb12` is required when using Intel MKL with environment
     # variable `MKL_THREADING_LAYER` set to `TBB`, which is nowadays the default.
-    container.run('apt', 'install', '-y', '--no-install-recommends', 'python3', 'python3-pip', 'python3-wheel', 'python3-ipython', 'python3-numpy', 'python3-scipy', 'python3-matplotlib', 'python3-pil', 'libmkl-rt', 'libomp-dev', 'libtbb2', 'python3-gmsh', env=dict(DEBIAN_FRONTEND='noninteractive'))
+    container.run('apt', 'install', '-y', '--no-install-recommends', 'python3', 'python3-pip', 'python3-wheel', 'python3-ipython', 'python3-numpy', 'python3-scipy', 'python3-matplotlib', 'python3-pil', 'libmkl-rt', 'libomp-dev', 'libtbb12', 'python3-gmsh', env=dict(DEBIAN_FRONTEND='noninteractive'))
+    container.run('apt', 'clean')
     container.add_label('org.opencontainers.image.url', 'https://github.com/evalf/nutils')
     container.add_label('org.opencontainers.image.source', 'https://github.com/evalf/nutils')
     container.add_label('org.opencontainers.image.authors', 'Evalf')