Add pig-latin exercise

config.json

@@ -104,6 +104,14 @@
         ],
         "difficulty": 1
       },
+      {
+        "slug": "pig-latin",
+        "name": "Pig Latin",
+        "uuid": "52ff9f9b-0cf2-4c1d-ac92-f858dd846ce1",
+        "practices": [],
+        "prerequisites": [],
+        "difficulty": 4
+      },
       {
         "slug": "pangram",
         "name": "Pangram",

exercises/practice/pig-latin/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Instructions
+
+Your task is to translate text from English to Pig Latin.
+The translation is defined using four rules, which look at the pattern of vowels and consonants at the beginning of a word.
+These rules look at each word's use of vowels and consonants:
+
+- vowels: the letters `a`, `e`, `i`, `o`, and `u`
+- consonants: the other 21 letters of the English alphabet
+
+## Rule 1
+
+If a word begins with a vowel, or starts with `"xr"` or `"yt"`, add an `"ay"` sound to the end of the word.
+
+For example:
+
+- `"apple"` -> `"appleay"` (starts with vowel)
+- `"xray"` -> `"xrayay"` (starts with `"xr"`)
+- `"yttria"` -> `"yttriaay"` (starts with `"yt"`)
+
+## Rule 2
+
+If a word begins with one or more consonants, first move those consonants to the end of the word and then add an `"ay"` sound to the end of the word.
+
+For example:
+
+- `"pig"` -> `"igp"` -> `"igpay"` (starts with single consonant)
+- `"chair"` -> `"airch"` -> `"airchay"` (starts with multiple consonants)
+- `"thrush"` -> `"ushthr"` -> `"ushthray"` (starts with multiple consonants)
+
+## Rule 3
+
+If a word starts with zero or more consonants followed by `"qu"`, first move those consonants (if any) and the `"qu"` part to the end of the word, and then add an `"ay"` sound to the end of the word.
+
+For example:
+
+- `"quick"` -> `"ickqu"` -> `"ickquay"` (starts with `"qu"`, no preceding consonants)
+- `"square"` -> `"aresqu"` -> `"aresquay"` (starts with one consonant followed by `"qu`")
+
+## Rule 4
+
+If a word starts with one or more consonants followed by `"y"`, first move the consonants preceding the `"y"`to the end of the word, and then add an `"ay"` sound to the end of the word.
+
+Some examples:
+
+- `"my"` -> `"ym"` -> `"ymay"` (starts with single consonant followed by `"y"`)
+- `"rhythm"` -> `"ythmrh"` -> `"ythmrhay"` (starts with multiple consonants followed by `"y"`)

exercises/practice/pig-latin/.docs/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Introduction
+
+Your parents have challenged you and your sibling to a game of two-on-two basketball.
+Confident they'll win, they let you score the first couple of points, but then start taking over the game.
+Needing a little boost, you start speaking in [Pig Latin][pig-latin], which is a made-up children's language that's difficult for non-children to understand.
+This will give you the edge to prevail over your parents!
+
+[pig-latin]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig_latin

exercises/practice/pig-latin/.meta/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "authors": [
+    "keiravillekode"
+  ],
+  "files": {
+    "solution": [
+      "pig_latin.zig"
+    ],
+    "test": [
+      "test_pig_latin.zig"
+    ],
+    "example": [
+      ".meta/example.zig"
+    ]
+  },
+  "blurb": "Implement a program that translates from English to Pig Latin.",
+  "source": "The Pig Latin exercise at Test First Teaching by Ultrasaurus",
+  "source_url": "https://github.com/ultrasaurus/test-first-teaching/blob/master/learn_ruby/pig_latin/"
+}

exercises/practice/pig-latin/.meta/example.zig

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+const std = @import("std");
+const mem = std.mem;
+
+pub fn translate(allocator: mem.Allocator, phrase: []const u8) mem.Allocator.Error![]u8 {
+    var numWords: usize = 1;
+    for (phrase, 0..) |ch, i| {
+        _ = i;
+        if (ch == ' ') {
+            numWords += 1;
+        }
+    }
+    const result = try allocator.alloc(u8, phrase.len + 2 * numWords);
+    var outIndex: usize = 0;
+    var startIndex: usize = 0;
+
+    while (startIndex < phrase.len) {
+        var midIndex: usize = startIndex;
+
+        var ch = phrase[startIndex];
+        if (startIndex + 1 < phrase.len and
+            ch != 'a' and
+            ch != 'e' and
+            ch != 'i' and
+            ch != 'o' and
+            ch != 'u' and
+            (ch != 'x' or phrase[startIndex + 1] != 'r') and
+            (ch != 'y' or phrase[startIndex + 1] != 't')) {
+
+            var prev = ch;
+            midIndex += 1;
+            ch = phrase[midIndex];
+            while (midIndex < phrase.len and
+                   ch != ' ' and
+                   ch != 'a' and
+                   ch != 'e' and
+                   ch != 'i' and
+                   ch != 'o' and
+                   ch != 'u' and
+                   ch != 'y') {
+                prev = ch;
+                midIndex += 1;
+                ch = phrase[midIndex];
+            }
+            if (prev == 'q' and ch == 'u') {
+                midIndex += 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        var endIndex = midIndex;
+        while (endIndex < phrase.len and phrase[endIndex] != ' ') {
+            endIndex += 1;
+        }
+
+        @memcpy(result[outIndex..(outIndex + endIndex - midIndex)], phrase[midIndex..endIndex]);
+        outIndex += endIndex - midIndex;
+        @memcpy(result[outIndex..(outIndex + midIndex - startIndex)], phrase[startIndex..midIndex]);
+        outIndex += midIndex - startIndex;
+        @memcpy(result[outIndex..(outIndex + 2)], "ay");
+        outIndex += 2;
+        startIndex = endIndex;
+
+        if (startIndex < phrase.len) {
+            result[outIndex] = ' ';
+            startIndex += 1;
+            outIndex += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}

exercises/practice/pig-latin/.meta/tests.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# This is an auto-generated file.
+#
+# Regenerating this file via `configlet sync` will:
+# - Recreate every `description` key/value pair
+# - Recreate every `reimplements` key/value pair, where they exist in problem-specifications
+# - Remove any `include = true` key/value pair (an omitted `include` key implies inclusion)
+# - Preserve any other key/value pair
+#
+# As user-added comments (using the # character) will be removed when this file
+# is regenerated, comments can be added via a `comment` key.
+
+[11567f84-e8c6-4918-aedb-435f0b73db57]
+description = "ay is added to words that start with vowels -> word beginning with a"
+
+[f623f581-bc59-4f45-9032-90c3ca9d2d90]
+description = "ay is added to words that start with vowels -> word beginning with e"
+
+[7dcb08b3-23a6-4e8a-b9aa-d4e859450d58]
+description = "ay is added to words that start with vowels -> word beginning with i"
+
+[0e5c3bff-266d-41c8-909f-364e4d16e09c]
+description = "ay is added to words that start with vowels -> word beginning with o"
+
+[614ba363-ca3c-4e96-ab09-c7320799723c]
+description = "ay is added to words that start with vowels -> word beginning with u"
+
+[bf2538c6-69eb-4fa7-a494-5a3fec911326]
+description = "ay is added to words that start with vowels -> word beginning with a vowel and followed by a qu"
+
+[e5be8a01-2d8a-45eb-abb4-3fcc9582a303]
+description = "first letter and ay are moved to the end of words that start with consonants -> word beginning with p"
+
+[d36d1e13-a7ed-464d-a282-8820cb2261ce]
+description = "first letter and ay are moved to the end of words that start with consonants -> word beginning with k"
+
+[d838b56f-0a89-4c90-b326-f16ff4e1dddc]
+description = "first letter and ay are moved to the end of words that start with consonants -> word beginning with x"
+
+[bce94a7a-a94e-4e2b-80f4-b2bb02e40f71]
+description = "first letter and ay are moved to the end of words that start with consonants -> word beginning with q without a following u"
+
+[c01e049a-e3e2-451c-bf8e-e2abb7e438b8]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single consonant -> word beginning with ch"
+
+[9ba1669e-c43f-4b93-837a-cfc731fd1425]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single consonant -> word beginning with qu"
+
+[92e82277-d5e4-43d7-8dd3-3a3b316c41f7]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single consonant -> word beginning with qu and a preceding consonant"
+
+[79ae4248-3499-4d5b-af46-5cb05fa073ac]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single consonant -> word beginning with th"
+
+[e0b3ae65-f508-4de3-8999-19c2f8e243e1]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single consonant -> word beginning with thr"
+
+[20bc19f9-5a35-4341-9d69-1627d6ee6b43]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single consonant -> word beginning with sch"
+
+[54b796cb-613d-4509-8c82-8fbf8fc0af9e]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single vowel -> word beginning with yt"
+
+[8c37c5e1-872e-4630-ba6e-d20a959b67f6]
+description = "some letter clusters are treated like a single vowel -> word beginning with xr"
+
+[a4a36d33-96f3-422c-a233-d4021460ff00]
+description = "position of y in a word determines if it is a consonant or a vowel -> y is treated like a consonant at the beginning of a word"
+
+[adc90017-1a12-4100-b595-e346105042c7]
+description = "position of y in a word determines if it is a consonant or a vowel -> y is treated like a vowel at the end of a consonant cluster"
+
+[29b4ca3d-efe5-4a95-9a54-8467f2e5e59a]
+description = "position of y in a word determines if it is a consonant or a vowel -> y as second letter in two letter word"
+
+[44616581-5ce3-4a81-82d0-40c7ab13d2cf]
+description = "phrases are translated -> a whole phrase"

exercises/practice/pig-latin/pig_latin.zig

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pub fn translate(allocator: mem.Allocator, phrase: []const u8) mem.Allocator.Error![]u8 {
+    _ = allocator;
+    _ = phrase;
+    @compileError("please implement the translate function");
+}