Wanderlust - Your Ultimate Travel Blog 🌍✈️

WanderLust is a simple MERN travel blog website ✈ This project is aimed to help people to contribute in open source, upskill in react and also master git.

Wanderlust Mega Project End to End Implementation

In this demo, we will see how to deploy an end to end three tier MERN stack application on EKS cluster.

Project Deployment Flow:

Tech stack used in this project:

• GitHub (Code)
• Docker (Containerization)
• Jenkins (CI)
• OWASP (Dependency check)
• SonarQube (Quality)
• Trivy (Filesystem Scan)
• ArgoCD (CD)
• Redis (Caching)
• AWS EKS (Kubernetes)
• Helm (Monitoring using grafana and prometheus)

How pipeline will look after deployment:

• CI pipeline to build and push

• CD pipeline to update application version

• ArgoCD application for deployment on EKS

Important

Below table helps you to navigate to the particular tool installation section fast.

Tech stack	Installation
Jenkins Master	Install and configure Jenkins
eksctl	Install eksctl
Argocd	Install and configure ArgoCD
Jenkins-Worker Setup	Install and configure Jenkins Worker Node
OWASP setup	Install and configure OWASP
SonarQube	Install and configure SonarQube
Email Notification Setup	Email notification setup
Monitoring	Prometheus and grafana setup using helm charts
Clean Up	Clean up

Pre-requisites to implement this project:

• Root user access

sudo su

Note

This project will be implemented on North California region (us-west-1).

• Create 1 Master machine on AWS with 2CPU, 8GB of RAM (t2.large) and 29 GB of storage and install Docker on it.

• Open the below ports in security group of master machine and also attach same security group to Jenkins worker node (We will create worker node shortly)

Note

We are creating this master machine because we will configure Jenkins master, eksctl, EKS cluster creation from here.

Install & Configure Docker by using below command, "NewGrp docker" will refresh the group config hence no need to restart the EC2 machine.

apt-get update

apt-get install docker.io -y
usermod -aG docker ubuntu && newgrp docker

• Install and configure Jenkins (Master machine)

sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install fontconfig openjdk-17-jre -y

sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc \
  https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key
  
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc]" \
  https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee \
  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
  
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install jenkins -y

• Now, access Jenkins Master on the browser on port 8080 and configure it.

• Create EKS Cluster on AWS (Master machine)

  • IAM user with access keys and secret access keys
  • AWSCLI should be configured (Setup AWSCLI)

  curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
  sudo apt install unzip
  unzip awscliv2.zip
  sudo ./aws/install
  aws configure

  • Install kubectl (Master machine)(Setup kubectl )

  curl -o kubectl https://amazon-eks.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/1.19.6/2021-01-05/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
  chmod +x ./kubectl
  sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin
  kubectl version --short --client

  • Install eksctl (Master machine) (Setup eksctl)

  curl --silent --location "https://github.com/weaveworks/eksctl/releases/latest/download/eksctl_$(uname -s)_amd64.tar.gz" | tar xz -C /tmp
  sudo mv /tmp/eksctl /usr/local/bin
  eksctl version

  • Create EKS Cluster (Master machine)

  eksctl create cluster --name=wanderlust \
                      --region=us-west-1 \
                      --version=1.30 \
                      --without-nodegroup

  • Associate IAM OIDC Provider (Master machine)

  eksctl utils associate-iam-oidc-provider \
    --region us-west-1 \
    --cluster wanderlust \
    --approve

  • Create Nodegroup (Master machine)

  eksctl create nodegroup --cluster=wanderlust \
                       --region=us-west-1 \
                       --name=wanderlust \
                       --node-type=t2.large \
                       --nodes=2 \
                       --nodes-min=2 \
                       --nodes-max=2 \
                       --node-volume-size=29 \
                       --ssh-access \
                       --ssh-public-key=eks-nodegroup-key 

Note

Make sure the ssh-public-key "eks-nodegroup-key is available in your aws account"

• Setting up jenkins worker node
  • Create a new EC2 instance (Jenkins Worker) with 2CPU, 8GB of RAM (t2.large) and 29 GB of storage and install java on it

  sudo apt update -y
  sudo apt install fontconfig openjdk-17-jre -y

  • Create an IAM role with administrator access attach it to the jenkins worker node Select Jenkins worker node EC2 instance --> Actions --> Security --> Modify IAM role

  • Configure AWSCLI (Setup AWSCLI)

  sudo su

  curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
  sudo apt install unzip
  unzip awscliv2.zip
  sudo ./aws/install
  aws configure

• generate ssh keys (Master machine) to setup jenkins master-slave

ssh-keygen

• Now move to directory where your ssh keys are generated and copy the content of public key and paste to authorized_keys file of the Jenkins worker node.

• Now, go to the jenkins master and navigate to Manage jenkins --> Nodes, and click on Add node
  • name: Node
  • type: permanent agent
  • Number of executors: 2
  • Remote root directory
  • Labels: Node
  • Usage: Only build jobs with label expressions matching this node
  • Launch method: Via ssh
  • Host: <public-ip-worker-jenkins>
  • Credentials: Add --> Kind: ssh username with private key --> ID: Worker --> Description: Worker --> Username: root --> Private key: Enter directly --> Add Private key
  • Host Key Verification Strategy: Non verifying Verification Strategy
  • Availability: Keep this agent online as much as possible

• And your jenkins worker node is added

• Install docker (Jenkins Worker)

apt install docker.io -y
usermod -aG docker ubuntu && newgrp docker

• Install and configure SonarQube (Master machine)

docker run -itd --name SonarQube-Server -p 9000:9000 sonarqube:lts-community

• Install Trivy (Jenkins Worker)

sudo apt-get install wget apt-transport-https gnupg lsb-release -y
wget -qO - https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb/public.key | sudo apt-key add -
echo deb https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb $(lsb_release -sc) main | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/trivy.list
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install trivy -y

• Install and Configure ArgoCD (Master Machine)
  • Create argocd namespace

  kubectl create namespace argocd

  • Apply argocd manifest

  kubectl apply -n argocd -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/argoproj/argo-cd/stable/manifests/install.yaml

  • Make sure all pods are running in argocd namespace

  watch kubectl get pods -n argocd

  • Install argocd CLI

  curl --silent --location -o /usr/local/bin/argocd https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/download/v2.4.7/argocd-linux-amd64

  • Provide executable permission

  chmod +x /usr/local/bin/argocd

  • Check argocd services

  kubectl get svc -n argocd

  • Change argocd server's service from ClusterIP to NodePort

  kubectl patch svc argocd-server -n argocd -p '{"spec": {"type": "NodePort"}}'

  • Confirm service is patched or not

  kubectl get svc -n argocd

  • Check the port where ArgoCD server is running and expose it on security groups of a worker node
  • Access it on browser, click on advance and proceed with

  <public-ip-worker>:<port>

  
  • Fetch the initial password of argocd server

  kubectl -n argocd get secret argocd-initial-admin-secret -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" | base64 -d; echo

  • Username: admin
  • Now, go to User Info and update your argocd password

Steps to add email notification

• Go to your Jenkins Master EC2 instance and allow 465 port number for SMTPS

• Now, we need to generate an application password from our gmail account to authenticate with jenkins
  • Open gmail and go to Manage your Google Account --> Security

Important

Make sure 2 step verification must be on

• Search for App password and create a app password for jenkins

• Once, app password is create and go back to jenkins Manage Jenkins --> Credentials to add username and password for email notification

• Go back to Manage Jenkins --> System and search for Extended E-mail Notification

• Scroll down and search for E-mail Notification and setup email notification

Important

Enter your gmail password which we copied recently in password field E-mail Notification --> Advance

Steps to implement the project:

• Go to Jenkins Master and click on Manage Jenkins --> Plugins --> Available plugins install the below plugins:
  • OWASP
  • SonarQube Scanner
  • Docker
  • Pipeline: Stage View

• Configure OWASP, move to Manage Jenkins --> Plugins --> Available plugins (Jenkins Worker)

• After OWASP plugin is installed, Now move to Manage jenkins --> Tools (Jenkins Worker)

• Login to SonarQube server and create the credentials for jenkins to integrate with SonarQube
  • Navigate to Administration --> Security --> Users --> Token

• Now, go to Manage Jenkins --> credentials and add Sonarqube credentials:

• Go to Manage Jenkins --> Tools and search for SonarQube Scanner installations:

• Go to Manage Jenkins --> credentials and add Github credentials to push updated code from the pipeline:

Note

While adding github credentials add Personal Access Token in the password field.

• Go to Manage Jenkins --> System and search for SonarQube installations:

• Now again, Go to Manage Jenkins --> System and search for Global Trusted Pipeline Libraries:</b

• Login to SonarQube server, go to Administration --> Webhook and click on create

• Now, go to github repository and under Automations directory update the instance-id field on both the updatefrontendnew.sh updatebackendnew.sh with the k8s worker's instance id

• Navigate to Manage Jenkins --> credentials and add credentials for docker login to push docker image:

• Create a Wanderlust-CI pipeline

• Create one more pipeline Wanderlust-CD

• Provide permission to docker socket so that docker build and push command do not fail (Jenkins Worker)

chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock

• Go to Master Machine and add our own eks cluster to argocd for application deployment using cli
  • Login to argoCD from CLI

   argocd login 52.53.156.187:32738 --username admin

Tip

52.53.156.187:32738 --> This should be your argocd url

• Check how many clusters are available in argocd

argocd cluster list

• Get your cluster name

kubectl config get-contexts

• Add your cluster to argocd

argocd cluster add [email protected] --name wanderlust-eks-cluster

Tip

[email protected] --> This should be your EKS Cluster Name.

• Once your cluster is added to argocd, go to argocd console Settings --> Clusters and verify it

• Go to Settings --> Repositories and click on Connect repo

Note

Connection should be successful

• Now, go to Applications and click on New App

Important

Make sure to click on the Auto-Create Namespace option while creating argocd application

• Congratulations, your application is deployed on AWS EKS Cluster
• Open port 31000 and 31100 on worker node and Access it on browser

<worker-public-ip>:31000

• Email Notification

How to monitor EKS cluster, kubernetes components and workloads using prometheus and grafana via HELM (On Master machine)

• Install Helm Chart

curl -fsSL -o get_helm.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/main/scripts/get-helm-3

chmod 700 get_helm.sh

./get_helm.sh

• Add Helm Stable Charts for Your Local Client

helm repo add stable https://charts.helm.sh/stable

• Add Prometheus Helm Repository

helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts

• Create Prometheus Namespace

kubectl create namespace prometheus

kubectl get ns

• Install Prometheus using Helm

helm install stable prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack -n prometheus

• Verify prometheus installation

kubectl get pods -n prometheus

• Check the services file (svc) of the Prometheus

kubectl get svc -n prometheus

• Expose Prometheus and Grafana to the external world through Node Port

Important

change it from Cluster IP to NodePort after changing make sure you save the file and open the assigned nodeport to the service.

kubectl edit svc stable-kube-prometheus-sta-prometheus -n prometheus

• Verify service

kubectl get svc -n prometheus

• Now,let’s change the SVC file of the Grafana and expose it to the outer world

kubectl edit svc stable-grafana -n prometheus

• Check grafana service

kubectl get svc -n prometheus

• Get a password for grafana

kubectl get secret --namespace prometheus stable-grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo

Note

Username: admin

• Now, view the Dashboard in Grafana

Clean Up

• Delete eks cluster

eksctl delete cluster --name=wanderlust --region=us-west-1