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gobikrishnan-s3141 authored Jan 4, 2025
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# Podman ( a Docker alternative with a daemon-less architecture)
## [Podman](https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/)
- run, build, share, deploy, & manage containers with ease   
- Python, R, and a basic Linux environments for rapid development   
- syntax is similar to Docker, so it should work with any docker without any issue (replace 'podman' with 'docker')
- file formats supported: OCI, SIF
- The images used in this repo are mostly `ubuntu-LTS`, which is more reliable and has more up-to-date packages than `debian`.
## [Podman](https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/)
   - run, build, share, deploy, & manage containers with ease   
   - Python, R, and a basic Linux environments for rapid development   
   - syntax is similar to Docker, so it should work with any docker without any issue (replace 'podman' with 'docker')
   - file formats supported: OCI, SIF
   - The images used in this repo are mostly `ubuntu-LTS`, which is more reliable and has more up-to-date packages than `debian`.
   *check out [Singularity](https://docs.sylabs.io/guides/4.2/user-guide/) for running containers in HPC environments*

### Docker file structure
- FROM --> pulls a pre-built image <base_image> from docker.io/quay.io
- ENV --> set environment variables
- WORKDIR --> set working directory (usually root directory)
- USER --> create a user with lesser privileges for better security
- COPY --> copy files into the container
- EXPOSE --> expose specific ports to be exposed (port : 8080)
- VOLUME --> manage volumes for containers
- RUN --> run commands
- ENTRYPOINT --> set entrypoint
- CMD --> set default command to run when container starts


### Dockerfile structure
| command | description |
| ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| FROM | pulls a pre-built image <base_image> from docker.io/quay.io |
| ENV | set environment variables |
| WORKDIR | set working directory (usually root directory) |
| USER | create a user with lesser privileges for better securit |
| COPY | copy files into the container |
| EXPOSE | expose specific ports to be exposed (port : 8080) |
| VOLUME | manage volumes for containers |
| RUN | run commands |
| ENTRYPOINt | set entrypoint |
| CMD | set default command to run when container starts |
### build a container
```shell   
podman build -t .    
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