[SPARK-50143][BUILD] Fix protobuf module Maven compilation

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR aims to fix `protobuf` module `Maven` compilation failure due to the following `protocol-jar-maven-plugin` bug.
- os72/protoc-jar-maven-plugin#104

Note that this happens only at `Maven` compilation.

### Why are the changes needed?

**BEFORE**
```
$ build/mvn -DskipTests clean install -pl connector/protobuf -e -am
...
[INFO] Spark Protobuf ..................................... FAILURE [  7.295 s]
...
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal com.github.os72:protoc-jar-maven-plugin:3.11.4:run (default) on project spark-protobuf_2.13: Execution default of goal com.github.os72:protoc-jar-maven-plugin:3.11.4:run failed:
Cannot read the array length because "<local6>" is null
```

**AFTER**
```
$ build/mvn -DskipTests clean install -pl connector/protobuf -e -am
...
[INFO] Reactor Summary for Spark Project Parent POM 4.0.0-SNAPSHOT:
[INFO]
[INFO] Spark Project Parent POM ........................... SUCCESS [  2.601 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Tags ................................. SUCCESS [  5.234 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Sketch ............................... SUCCESS [  5.278 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Common Utils ......................... SUCCESS [ 14.695 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Local DB ............................. SUCCESS [  6.258 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Networking ........................... SUCCESS [  9.384 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Shuffle Streaming Service ............ SUCCESS [  7.761 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Variant .............................. SUCCESS [  3.304 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Unsafe ............................... SUCCESS [  8.677 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Connect Shims ........................ SUCCESS [  2.690 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Launcher ............................. SUCCESS [  5.618 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Core ................................. SUCCESS [01:11 min]
[INFO] Spark Project SQL API .............................. SUCCESS [ 21.759 s]
[INFO] Spark Project Catalyst ............................. SUCCESS [01:30 min]
[INFO] Spark Project SQL .................................. SUCCESS [01:53 min]
[INFO] Spark Protobuf ..................................... SUCCESS [ 18.285 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  06:26 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-10-27T21:01:12-07:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
```

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No.

### How was this patch tested?

Manually run the following command like I did in the above.
```
$ build/mvn -DskipTests clean install -pl connector/protobuf -e -am
```

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No.

Closes apache#48673 from dongjoon-hyun/SPARK-50143.

Authored-by: Dongjoon Hyun <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <[email protected]>

connector/protobuf/pom.xml

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
                   <inputDirectories>
                     <include>src/test/resources/protobuf</include>
                   </inputDirectories>
-                  <includeStdTypes>true</includeStdTypes>
+                  <includeMavenTypes>direct</includeMavenTypes>
                   <outputTargets>
                     <outputTarget>
                       <type>java</type>