Add MFA login flow support for cloud component

[klejejs]

Proposed change

This PR adds support for MFA login flow in the cloud component.

I wanted to make the TOTP code be auto-fillable by adding the autocomplete="one-time-code" property to the text field, but with my tests using 1Password, the auto-complete suggestion menu was rendered below the popup, likely due to the use of the HTML dialog by the underlying library, so I was unsure if that should be enabled if not working as expected.

• Requires the backend PR: Add MFA login flow support for cloud component core#132497

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (thank you!)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Example configuration

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes #
• This PR is related to issue or discussion:
• Link to documentation pull request:

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io

[bramkragten]

This also needs to be implemented in the voice-wizard, where there is also a cloud login form

[klejejs]

@bramkragten, the backend PR has been merged now.