Add a Compiler option to profile the compilation time

[adevress]

Dear all,

I have added an option to the compiler in the spirit of clang -ftime-trace to profile and report the time taken by each phase of the compilation of hc.

This is an example of such report

./Sources/hc  ../Examples/factorial.hylo  -o test --profile-compiler  
**Compile time profiling summary**
  Frontend:
    Lexer: 69.934 us
    Parser: 496.462 us
    TypeChecker: 1.537 s
  Backend:
    IR Lowering: 1.042 s
    Depolymorphize: 100.963 ms
    LLVM IR Conversion: 539.563 ms                   
    LLVM Mandatory pass: 90.476 ms                
    LLVM Optimizations: N/A
    LLVM Emit phase: 1.413 s
    Linking phase: 51.975 ms

If you find that useful, let me know and I will do the necessary to respect the CONTRIBUTING guidelines and iterate on that.

PS: I am not experienced in Swift. That might currently be my first PR in Swift. Do not hesitate to point any obvious wrong usage of the language.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 61.66667% with 92 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 88.23%. Comparing base (f1b2d58) to head (64022db).
Report is 4 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
Sources/Utils/Profiling.swift	0.00%	64 Missing ⚠️
Sources/Driver/Driver.swift	76.92%	9 Missing ⚠️
.../GenerateHyloFileTests/GenerateHyloFileTests.swift	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
Sources/IR/Operands/Instruction/UnionSwitch.swift	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
Sources/FrontEnd/TypedProgram.swift	71.42%	2 Missing ⚠️
Sources/FrontEnd/Parse/Parser.swift	90.90%	1 Missing ⚠️
Sources/FrontEnd/TypeChecking/TypeChecker.swift	85.71%	1 Missing ⚠️
...ces/IR/Analysis/Module+NormalizeObjectStates.swift	94.73%	1 Missing ⚠️
Sources/IR/Module.swift	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
Sources/IR/Operands/Instruction/Switch.swift	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
... and 2 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1614      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.28%   88.23%   -0.05%     
==========================================
  Files         381      382       +1     
  Lines       22910    30483    +7573     
==========================================
+ Hits        20225    26897    +6672     
- Misses       2685     3586     +901     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.