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Merge pull request kubernetes#37885 from zdxgs/main
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fix the link for azure
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k8s-ci-robot authored Nov 16, 2022
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Expand Up @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ This then points to the other benefit of next generation PaaS being built on top

Kubernetes is infrastructure for next generation applications, PaaS and more. Given this, I’m really excited by our [announcement](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/kubernetes-now-generally-available-on-azure-container-service/) today that Kubernetes on Azure Container Service has reached general availability. When you deploy your next generation application to Azure, whether on a PaaS or deployed directly onto Kubernetes itself (or both) you can deploy it onto a managed, supported Kubernetes cluster.

Furthermore, because we know that the world of PaaS and software development in general is a hybrid one, we’re excited to announce the preview availability of [Windows clusters in Azure Container Service](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-service/container-service-kubernetes-walkthrough). We’re also working on [hybrid clusters](https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine/blob/master/docs/kubernetes/windows.md) in [ACS-Engine](https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine) and expect to roll those out to general availability in the coming months.
Furthermore, because we know that the world of PaaS and software development in general is a hybrid one, we’re excited to announce the preview availability of [Windows clusters in Azure Container Service](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-service/container-service-kubernetes-walkthrough). We’re also working on [hybrid clusters](https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine/blob/master/docs/kubernetes/windows.md) in [ACS-Engine](https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine) and expect to roll those out to general availability in the coming months.

I’m thrilled to see how containers and container as a service is changing the world of compute, I’m confident that we’re only scratching the surface of the transformation we’ll see in the coming months and years.

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Expand Up @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ If you’d like to try out Kubeflow, we have a number of options for you:

1. You can use sample walkthroughs hosted on [Katacoda](https://www.katacoda.com/kubeflow)
2. You can follow a guided tutorial with existing models from the [examples repository](https://github.com/kubeflow/examples). These include the [GitHub Issue Summarization](https://github.com/kubeflow/examples/tree/master/github_issue_summarization), [MNIST](https://github.com/kubeflow/examples/tree/master/mnist) and [Reinforcement Learning with Agents](https://github.com/kubeflow/examples/tree/v0.5.1/agents).
3. You can start a cluster on your own and try your own model. Any Kubernetes conformant cluster will support Kubeflow including those from contributors [Caicloud](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/caicloud-releases-its-kubernetes-based-cluster-as-a-service-product-claas-20-and-the-first-tensorflow-as-a-service-taas-11-while-closing-6m-series-a-funding-300418071.html), [Canonical](https://jujucharms.com/canonical-kubernetes/), [Google](https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/creating-a-container-cluster), [Heptio](https://heptio.com/products/kubernetes-subscription/), [Mesosphere](https://github.com/mesosphere/dcos-kubernetes-quickstart), [Microsoft](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/kubernetes-walkthrough), [IBM](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/containers?topic=containers-cs_cluster_tutorial#cs_cluster_tutorial), [Red Hat/Openshift ](https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.3/install_config/install/quick_install.html#install-config-install-quick-install)and [Weaveworks](https://www.weave.works/product/cloud/).
3. You can start a cluster on your own and try your own model. Any Kubernetes conformant cluster will support Kubeflow including those from contributors [Caicloud](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/caicloud-releases-its-kubernetes-based-cluster-as-a-service-product-claas-20-and-the-first-tensorflow-as-a-service-taas-11-while-closing-6m-series-a-funding-300418071.html), [Canonical](https://jujucharms.com/canonical-kubernetes/), [Google](https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/creating-a-container-cluster), [Heptio](https://heptio.com/products/kubernetes-subscription/), [Mesosphere](https://github.com/mesosphere/dcos-kubernetes-quickstart), [Microsoft](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/kubernetes-walkthrough), [IBM](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/containers?topic=containers-cs_cluster_tutorial#cs_cluster_tutorial), [Red Hat/Openshift ](https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.3/install_config/install/quick_install.html#install-config-install-quick-install)and [Weaveworks](https://www.weave.works/product/cloud/).

There were also a number of sessions at KubeCon + CloudNativeCon EU 2018 covering Kubeflow. The links to the talks are here; the associated videos will be posted in the coming days.

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18 changes: 9 additions & 9 deletions content/en/blog/_posts/2018-10-08-support-for-azure-vmss.md
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Expand Up @@ -10,19 +10,19 @@ date: 2018-10-08

With Kubernetes v1.12, Azure virtual machine scale sets (VMSS) and cluster-autoscaler have reached their General Availability (GA) and User Assigned Identity is available as a preview feature.

_Azure VMSS allow you to create and manage identical, load balanced VMs that automatically increase or decrease based on demand or a set schedule. This enables you to easily manage and scale multiple VMs to provide high availability and application resiliency, ideal for large-scale applications like container workloads [[1]](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview)._
_Azure VMSS allow you to create and manage identical, load balanced VMs that automatically increase or decrease based on demand or a set schedule. This enables you to easily manage and scale multiple VMs to provide high availability and application resiliency, ideal for large-scale applications like container workloads [[1]](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview)._

Cluster autoscaler allows you to adjust the size of the Kubernetes clusters based on the load conditions automatically.

Another exciting feature which v1.12 brings to the table is the ability to use User Assigned Identities with Kubernetes clusters [[12]](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview).
Another exciting feature which v1.12 brings to the table is the ability to use User Assigned Identities with Kubernetes clusters [[12]](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview).

In this article, we will do a brief overview of VMSS, cluster autoscaler and user assigned identity features on Azure.

## VMSS

Azure’s Virtual Machine Scale sets (VMSS) feature offers users an ability to automatically create VMs from a single central configuration, provide load balancing via L4 and L7 load balancing, provide a path to use availability zones for high availability, provides large-scale VM instances et. al.

VMSS consists of a group of virtual machines, which are identical and can be managed and configured at a group level. More details of this feature in Azure itself can be found at the following link [[1]](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview).
VMSS consists of a group of virtual machines, which are identical and can be managed and configured at a group level. More details of this feature in Azure itself can be found at the following link [[1]](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview).

With Kubernetes v1.12 customers can create k8s cluster out of VMSS instances and utilize VMSS features.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ Cluster Autoscaler currently supports four VM types: standard (VMAS), VMSS, ACS

## User Assigned Identity

Inorder for the Kubernetes cluster components to securely talk to the cloud services, it needs to authenticate with the cloud provider. In Azure Kubernetes clusters, up until now this was done using two ways - Service Principals or Managed Identities. In case of service principal the credentials are stored within the cluster and there are password rotation and other challenges which user needs to incur to accommodate this model. Managed service identities takes out this burden from the user and manages the service instances directly [[12]](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview).
Inorder for the Kubernetes cluster components to securely talk to the cloud services, it needs to authenticate with the cloud provider. In Azure Kubernetes clusters, up until now this was done using two ways - Service Principals or Managed Identities. In case of service principal the credentials are stored within the cluster and there are password rotation and other challenges which user needs to incur to accommodate this model. Managed service identities takes out this burden from the user and manages the service instances directly [[12]](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview).

There are two kinds of managed identities possible - one is system assigned and another is user assigned. In case of system assigned identity each vm in the Kubernetes cluster is assigned a managed identity during creation. This identity is used by various Kubernetes components needing access to Azure resources. Examples to these operations are getting/updating load balancer configuration, getting/updating vm information etc. With the system assigned managed identity, user has no control over the identity which is assigned to the underlying vm. The system automatically assigns it and this reduces the flexibility for the user.

Expand All @@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ env.ServiceManagementEndpoint,
config.UserAssignedIdentityID)
```

This calls hits either the instance metadata service or the vm extension [[12]](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview) to gather the token which is then used to access various resources.
This calls hits either the instance metadata service or the vm extension [[12]](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview) to gather the token which is then used to access various resources.

## Setting up a cluster with user assigned identity

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -304,19 +304,19 @@ For azure specific discussions - please checkout the Azure SIG page at [[6]](htt

For CA, please checkout the Autoscaler project here [[7]](http://www.github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler) and join the [#sig-autoscaling](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/sig-autoscaling) Slack for more discussions.

For the acs-engine (the unmanaged variety) on Azure docs can be found here: [[9]](https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine). More details about the managed service from Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) here [[5]](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/).
For the acs-engine (the unmanaged variety) on Azure docs can be found here: [[9]](https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine). More details about the managed service from Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) here [[5]](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/).

## References

1) https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview
1) https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/overview

2) /docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller/

3) https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.17/staging/src/k8s.io/legacy-cloud-providers/azure/azure_vmss.go

4) https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine/blob/master/docs/kubernetes/deploy.md

5) https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/
5) https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/

6) https://github.com/kubernetes/community/tree/master/sig-azure

Expand All @@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ For the acs-engine (the unmanaged variety) on Azure docs can be found here: [[9]

11) /docs/concepts/architecture/

12) https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview
12) https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview

13) https://github.com/Azure/acs-engine/tree/master/examples/kubernetes-msi-userassigned

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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions content/en/blog/_posts/2020-05-21-wsl2-dockerdesktop-k8s.md
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Expand Up @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ New to Windows 10 and WSL2, or new to Docker and Kubernetes? Welcome to this blo

For the last few years, Kubernetes became a de-facto standard platform for running containerized services and applications in distributed environments. While a wide variety of distributions and installers exist to deploy Kubernetes in the cloud environments (public, private or hybrid), or within the bare metal environments, there is still a need to deploy and run Kubernetes locally, for example, on the developer's workstation.

Kubernetes has been originally designed to be deployed and used in the Linux environments. However, a good number of users (and not only application developers) use Windows OS as their daily driver. When Microsoft revealed WSL - [the Windows Subsystem for Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/), the line between Windows and Linux environments became even less visible.
Kubernetes has been originally designed to be deployed and used in the Linux environments. However, a good number of users (and not only application developers) use Windows OS as their daily driver. When Microsoft revealed WSL - [the Windows Subsystem for Linux](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/), the line between Windows and Linux environments became even less visible.


Also, WSL brought an ability to run Kubernetes on Windows almost seamlessly!
Expand All @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Since we will explain how to install KinD, we won't go into too much detail arou
However, here is the list of the prerequisites needed and their version/lane:

- OS: Windows 10 version 2004, Build 19041
- [WSL2 enabled](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl2-install)
- [WSL2 enabled](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl2-install)
- In order to install the distros as WSL2 by default, once WSL2 installed, run the command `wsl.exe --set-default-version 2` in Powershell
- WSL2 distro installed from the Windows Store - the distro used is Ubuntu-18.04
- [Docker Desktop for Windows](https://hub.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-windows), stable channel - the version used is 2.2.0.4
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