add a Unique validator

AUTHORS.rst

@@ -163,3 +163,4 @@ Contributors (chronological)
 - Javier Fernández `@jfernandz <https://github.com/jfernandz>`_
 - Michael Dimchuk  `@michaeldimchuk <https://github.com/michaeldimchuk>`_
 - Jochen Kupperschmidt  `@homeworkprod <https://github.com/homeworkprod>`_
+- Midokura `@midokura <https://github.com/midokura>`_

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
 Changelog
 ---------
 
+3.13.0 (unreleased)
+*******************
+
+Features:
+
+- Add ``validate.Unique`` (:pr:`1793`).
+  Thanks :user:`bonastreyair` for the PR.
+
 3.12.2 (2021-07-06)
 *******************
 

src/marshmallow/validate.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 from operator import attrgetter
 
 from marshmallow import types
+from marshmallow import utils
 from marshmallow.exceptions import ValidationError
 
 _T = typing.TypeVar("_T")
@@ -644,3 +645,56 @@ def __call__(self, value: typing.Sequence[_T]) -> typing.Sequence[_T]:
             if val in self.iterable:
                 raise ValidationError(self._format_error(value))
         return value
+
+
+class Unique(Validator):
+    """Validator which succeeds if the ``value`` is an ``iterable`` and has unique
+    elements. In case of a list of objects, it can easy check an internal
+    attribute by passing the ``attribute`` parameter.
+    Validator which fails if ``value`` is not a member of ``iterable``.
+
+    :param str attribute: The name of the attribute of the object you want to check.
+    """
+
+    default_message = "Invalid input. Supported lists or str."
+    error = "Found a duplicate value: {value}."
+    attribute_error = "Found a duplicate object attribute ({attribute}): {value}."
+
+    def __init__(self, attribute: typing.Optional[str] = None):
+        self.attribute = attribute
+
+    def _repr_args(self) -> str:
+        return "attribute={!r}".format(self.attribute)
+
+    def _format_error(self, value) -> str:
+        if self.attribute:
+            return self.attribute_error.format(attribute=self.attribute, value=value)
+        return self.error.format(value=value)
+
+    def __call__(self, value: typing.Iterable) -> typing.Iterable:
+        if not isinstance(value, typing.Iterable):
+            raise ValidationError(self.default_message)
+        ids = [
+            utils.get_value(item, self.attribute) if self.attribute else item
+            for item in value
+        ]
+        try:
+            self._duplicate_hash(ids)
+        except TypeError:
+            self._duplicate_equal(ids)
+
+        return value
+
+    def _duplicate_hash(self, ids: typing.List) -> None:
+        used = set()
+        for _id in ids:
+            if _id in used:
+                raise ValidationError(self._format_error(_id))
+            used.add(_id)
+
+    def _duplicate_equal(self, ids: typing.List) -> None:
+        used = []
+        for _id in ids:
+            if _id in used:
+                raise ValidationError(self._format_error(_id))
+            used.append(_id)

tests/test_validate.py

@@ -912,3 +912,75 @@ def test_and():
 
     errors = excinfo.value.messages
     assert errors == ["Not an even value.", "Must be less than or equal to 6."]
+
+
+def test_unique():
+    class Bar:
+        def __init__(self, num):
+            self.num = num
+
+    class Mock:
+        def __init__(self, name, bar):
+            self.name = name
+            self.bar = bar
+
+    mock_object_a_1 = Mock("a", Bar(1))
+    mock_object_a_2 = Mock("a", Bar(2))
+    mock_object_b_1 = Mock("b", Bar(1))
+    mock_dict_a_1 = {"name": "a", "bar": {"num": 1}}
+    mock_dict_a_2 = {"name": "a", "bar": {"num": 2}}
+    mock_dict_b_1 = {"name": "b", "bar": {"num": 1}}
+
+    assert validate.Unique()("d") == "d"
+    assert validate.Unique()([]) == []
+    assert validate.Unique()({}) == {}
+    assert validate.Unique()(["a", "b"]) == ["a", "b"]
+    assert validate.Unique()([1, 2]) == [1, 2]
+    assert validate.Unique(attribute="name")([mock_object_a_1, mock_object_b_1]) == [
+        mock_object_a_1,
+        mock_object_b_1,
+    ]
+    assert validate.Unique(attribute="bar.num")([mock_object_a_1, mock_object_a_2]) == [
+        mock_object_a_1,
+        mock_object_a_2,
+    ]
+    assert validate.Unique(attribute="name")([mock_dict_a_1, mock_dict_b_1]) == [
+        mock_dict_a_1,
+        mock_dict_b_1,
+    ]
+    assert validate.Unique(attribute="bar.num")([mock_dict_a_1, mock_dict_a_2]) == [
+        mock_dict_a_1,
+        mock_dict_a_2,
+    ]
+    assert validate.Unique()([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) == [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
+    assert validate.Unique()([{1, 2}, {3, 4}]) == [{1, 2}, {3, 4}]
+    assert validate.Unique()([{"a": 1}, {"b": 2}]) == [{"a": 1}, {"b": 2}]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Invalid input."):
+        validate.Unique()(3)
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Invalid input."):
+        validate.Unique()(1.1)
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Invalid input."):
+        validate.Unique()(True)
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Invalid input."):
+        validate.Unique()(None)
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate value"):
+        validate.Unique()([1, 1, 2])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate value"):
+        validate.Unique()("aab")
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate value"):
+        validate.Unique()(["a", "a", "b"])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate object attribute"):
+        validate.Unique(attribute="name")([mock_object_a_1, mock_object_a_2])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate object attribute"):
+        validate.Unique(attribute="bar.num")([mock_object_a_1, mock_object_b_1])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate object attribute"):
+        validate.Unique(attribute="name")([mock_dict_a_1, mock_dict_a_2])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate object attribute"):
+        validate.Unique(attribute="bar.num")([mock_dict_a_1, mock_dict_b_1])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate value"):
+        validate.Unique()([[1, 2], [1, 2]])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate value"):
+        validate.Unique()([{1, 2}, {1, 2}])
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="Found a duplicate value"):
+        validate.Unique()([{"a": 1, "b": 2}, {"a": 1, "b": 2}])