NEAR ABI

ABI schema format and tooling to define interface to NEAR smart contracts.

⚠️ Warning: Format and tooling are not final and changes are likely to happen.

What is an ABI?

An ABI (Application Binary Interface) traditionally defines the interface between two binary program modules. In the context of the NEAR ABI, this JSON schema defines the interface to the Wasm binary (smart contract) on the NEAR network, including parameter and result formats used through the NEAR runtime.

Why do we need ABI?

• Human-readable format to easy indicate how to interact with the contract
• Standard interface definition cross-language
  • Ability to be used with any combination of contract SDK and client libraries
• Tooling built using the ABI to be able to generate code to interact with any contract easily

Usage

Rust

Ensure you have cargo-near installed

To generate an ABI for a contract within the directory containing contract's Cargo.toml

$ cargo near abi

Ensure that the project you are generating an ABI for depends on a version of near-sdk of 4.1.0 or later and has the abi feature enabled.

near-sdk = { version = "4.1.0", features = ["abi"] }

TypeScript

Ensure you have a near-sdk-js (version 0.7.0 or later) contract

To generate an ABI for a contract within the directory containing contract's package.json

$ npx near-sdk-js build --generateABI path/to/contract.ts

The ABI will be put in build/contract-abi.json

Supported tools:

ABI generation

• near-sdk-rs (version 4.1.0 and above) and cargo-near (version 0.3.0 and above): cargo-near is a cargo extention that is used to build the contract and generate the ABI from a near-sdk-rs contract.
• near-sdk-js (version 0.7.0 and above): invoke near-sdk-js build with --generateABI to generate the ABI from a TypeScript contract (pure JavaScript is not supported yet).

ABI clients

• near-abi-client-rs: Generates glue code to interact with contracts through RPC using workspaces-rs.
• near-sdk-abi: Generates near-sdk-rs glue code to make cross-contract calls within other contracts.
• near-api-js: integration with NAJ is coming soon, stay tuned.

Utility Libraries

• near-abi-rs: Common Rust types used across Rust ABI crates.
• near-abi-js: Common types used across JavaScript ABI libraries.