feat: several nargo test improvements

tooling/acvm_cli/src/cli/execute_cmd.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use acir::native_types::{WitnessMap, WitnessStack};
 use acir::FieldElement;
 use bn254_blackbox_solver::Bn254BlackBoxSolver;
 use clap::Args;
+use nargo::PrintOutput;
 
 use crate::cli::fs::inputs::{read_bytecode_from_file, read_inputs_from_file};
 use crate::errors::CliError;
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ pub(crate) fn execute_program_from_witness(
         &program,
         inputs_map,
         &Bn254BlackBoxSolver,
-        &mut DefaultForeignCallExecutor::new(true, None, None, None),
+        &mut DefaultForeignCallExecutor::new(PrintOutput::Stdout, None, None, None),
     )
     .map_err(CliError::CircuitExecutionError)
 }

tooling/debugger/src/context.rs

@@ -967,6 +967,7 @@ mod tests {
             BinaryFieldOp, HeapValueType, MemoryAddress, Opcode as BrilligOpcode, ValueOrArray,
         },
     };
+    use nargo::PrintOutput;
 
     #[test]
     fn test_resolve_foreign_calls_stepping_into_brillig() {
@@ -1025,8 +1026,10 @@ mod tests {
 
         let initial_witness = BTreeMap::from([(Witness(1), fe_1)]).into();
 
-        let foreign_call_executor =
-            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(true, debug_artifact));
+        let foreign_call_executor = Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(
+            PrintOutput::Stdout,
+            debug_artifact,
+        ));
         let mut context = DebugContext::new(
             &StubbedBlackBoxSolver,
             circuits,
@@ -1190,8 +1193,10 @@ mod tests {
 
         let initial_witness = BTreeMap::from([(Witness(1), fe_1), (Witness(2), fe_1)]).into();
 
-        let foreign_call_executor =
-            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(true, debug_artifact));
+        let foreign_call_executor = Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(
+            PrintOutput::Stdout,
+            debug_artifact,
+        ));
         let brillig_funcs = &vec![brillig_bytecode];
         let mut context = DebugContext::new(
             &StubbedBlackBoxSolver,
@@ -1285,7 +1290,7 @@ mod tests {
             &circuits,
             &debug_artifact,
             WitnessMap::new(),
-            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::new(true)),
+            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::new(PrintOutput::Stdout)),
             brillig_funcs,
         );
 

tooling/debugger/src/dap.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use acvm::acir::circuit::brillig::BrilligBytecode;
 use acvm::acir::circuit::Circuit;
 use acvm::acir::native_types::WitnessMap;
 use acvm::{BlackBoxFunctionSolver, FieldElement};
+use nargo::PrintOutput;
 
 use crate::context::DebugContext;
 use crate::context::{DebugCommandResult, DebugLocation};
@@ -71,7 +72,10 @@ impl<'a, R: Read, W: Write, B: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<FieldElement>> DapSession<
             circuits,
             debug_artifact,
             initial_witness,
-            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(true, debug_artifact)),
+            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(
+                PrintOutput::Stdout,
+                debug_artifact,
+            )),
             unconstrained_functions,
         );
         Self {

tooling/debugger/src/foreign_calls.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ use acvm::{
     pwg::ForeignCallWaitInfo,
     AcirField, FieldElement,
 };
-use nargo::foreign_calls::{DefaultForeignCallExecutor, ForeignCallExecutor};
+use nargo::{
+    foreign_calls::{DefaultForeignCallExecutor, ForeignCallExecutor},
+    PrintOutput,
+};
 use noirc_artifacts::debug::{DebugArtifact, DebugVars, StackFrame};
 use noirc_errors::debug_info::{DebugFnId, DebugVarId};
 use noirc_printable_type::ForeignCallError;
@@ -41,21 +44,21 @@ pub trait DebugForeignCallExecutor: ForeignCallExecutor<FieldElement> {
     fn current_stack_frame(&self) -> Option<StackFrame<FieldElement>>;
 }
 
-pub struct DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor {
-    executor: DefaultForeignCallExecutor<FieldElement>,
+pub struct DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor<'a> {
+    executor: DefaultForeignCallExecutor<'a, FieldElement>,
     pub debug_vars: DebugVars<FieldElement>,
 }
 
-impl DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor {
-    pub fn new(show_output: bool) -> Self {
+impl<'a> DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor<'a> {
+    pub fn new(output: PrintOutput<'a>) -> Self {
         Self {
-            executor: DefaultForeignCallExecutor::new(show_output, None, None, None),
+            executor: DefaultForeignCallExecutor::new(output, None, None, None),
             debug_vars: DebugVars::default(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn from_artifact(show_output: bool, artifact: &DebugArtifact) -> Self {
-        let mut ex = Self::new(show_output);
+    pub fn from_artifact(output: PrintOutput<'a>, artifact: &DebugArtifact) -> Self {
+        let mut ex = Self::new(output);
         ex.load_artifact(artifact);
         ex
     }
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ impl DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor {
     }
 }
 
-impl DebugForeignCallExecutor for DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor {
+impl DebugForeignCallExecutor for DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor<'_> {
     fn get_variables(&self) -> Vec<StackFrame<FieldElement>> {
         self.debug_vars.get_variables()
     }
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ fn debug_fn_id(value: &FieldElement) -> DebugFnId {
     DebugFnId(value.to_u128() as u32)
 }
 
-impl ForeignCallExecutor<FieldElement> for DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor {
+impl ForeignCallExecutor<FieldElement> for DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor<'_> {
     fn execute(
         &mut self,
         foreign_call: &ForeignCallWaitInfo<FieldElement>,

tooling/debugger/src/repl.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use acvm::brillig_vm::brillig::Opcode as BrilligOpcode;
 use acvm::brillig_vm::MemoryValue;
 use acvm::AcirField;
 use acvm::{BlackBoxFunctionSolver, FieldElement};
-use nargo::NargoError;
+use nargo::{NargoError, PrintOutput};
 use noirc_driver::CompiledProgram;
 
 use crate::foreign_calls::DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor;
@@ -42,8 +42,10 @@ impl<'a, B: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<FieldElement>> ReplDebugger<'a, B> {
         initial_witness: WitnessMap<FieldElement>,
         unconstrained_functions: &'a [BrilligBytecode<FieldElement>],
     ) -> Self {
-        let foreign_call_executor =
-            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(true, debug_artifact));
+        let foreign_call_executor = Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(
+            PrintOutput::Stdout,
+            debug_artifact,
+        ));
         let context = DebugContext::new(
             blackbox_solver,
             circuits,
@@ -313,8 +315,10 @@ impl<'a, B: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<FieldElement>> ReplDebugger<'a, B> {
 
     fn restart_session(&mut self) {
         let breakpoints: Vec<DebugLocation> = self.context.iterate_breakpoints().copied().collect();
-        let foreign_call_executor =
-            Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(true, self.debug_artifact));
+        let foreign_call_executor = Box::new(DefaultDebugForeignCallExecutor::from_artifact(
+            PrintOutput::Stdout,
+            self.debug_artifact,
+        ));
         self.context = DebugContext::new(
             self.blackbox_solver,
             self.circuits,

tooling/lsp/src/requests/test_run.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ use std::future::{self, Future};
 
 use crate::insert_all_files_for_workspace_into_file_manager;
 use async_lsp::{ErrorCode, ResponseError};
-use nargo::ops::{run_test, TestStatus};
+use nargo::{
+    ops::{run_test, TestStatus},
+    PrintOutput,
+};
 use nargo_toml::{find_package_manifest, resolve_workspace_from_toml, PackageSelection};
 use noirc_driver::{check_crate, CompileOptions, NOIR_ARTIFACT_VERSION_STRING};
 use noirc_frontend::hir::FunctionNameMatch;
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ fn on_test_run_request_inner(
                 &state.solver,
                 &mut context,
                 &test_function,
-                true,
+                PrintOutput::Stdout,
                 None,
                 Some(workspace.root_dir.clone()),
                 Some(package.name.to_string()),

tooling/nargo/src/foreign_calls/mod.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 use acvm::{acir::brillig::ForeignCallResult, pwg::ForeignCallWaitInfo, AcirField};
 use mocker::MockForeignCallExecutor;
 use noirc_printable_type::ForeignCallError;
-use print::PrintForeignCallExecutor;
+use print::{PrintForeignCallExecutor, PrintOutput};
 use rand::Rng;
 use rpc::RPCForeignCallExecutor;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -65,22 +65,22 @@ impl ForeignCall {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
-pub struct DefaultForeignCallExecutor<F> {
+pub struct DefaultForeignCallExecutor<'a, F> {
     /// The executor for any [`ForeignCall::Print`] calls.
-    printer: Option<PrintForeignCallExecutor>,
+    printer: PrintForeignCallExecutor<'a>,
     mocker: MockForeignCallExecutor<F>,
     external: Option<RPCForeignCallExecutor>,
 }
 
-impl<F: Default> DefaultForeignCallExecutor<F> {
+impl<'a, F: Default> DefaultForeignCallExecutor<'a, F> {
     pub fn new(
-        show_output: bool,
+        output: PrintOutput<'a>,
         resolver_url: Option<&str>,
         root_path: Option<PathBuf>,
         package_name: Option<String>,
     ) -> Self {
         let id = rand::thread_rng().gen();
-        let printer = if show_output { Some(PrintForeignCallExecutor) } else { None };
+        let printer = PrintForeignCallExecutor { output };
         let external_resolver = resolver_url.map(|resolver_url| {
             RPCForeignCallExecutor::new(resolver_url, id, root_path, package_name)
         });
@@ -92,22 +92,16 @@ impl<F: Default> DefaultForeignCallExecutor<F> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<F: AcirField + Serialize + for<'a> Deserialize<'a>> ForeignCallExecutor<F>
-    for DefaultForeignCallExecutor<F>
+impl<'a, F: AcirField + Serialize + for<'b> Deserialize<'b>> ForeignCallExecutor<F>
+    for DefaultForeignCallExecutor<'a, F>
 {
     fn execute(
         &mut self,
         foreign_call: &ForeignCallWaitInfo<F>,
     ) -> Result<ForeignCallResult<F>, ForeignCallError> {
         let foreign_call_name = foreign_call.function.as_str();
         match ForeignCall::lookup(foreign_call_name) {
-            Some(ForeignCall::Print) => {
-                if let Some(printer) = &mut self.printer {
-                    printer.execute(foreign_call)
-                } else {
-                    Ok(ForeignCallResult::default())
-                }
-            }
+            Some(ForeignCall::Print) => self.printer.execute(foreign_call),
             Some(
                 ForeignCall::CreateMock
                 | ForeignCall::SetMockParams

tooling/nargo/src/foreign_calls/print.rs

@@ -4,9 +4,19 @@ use noirc_printable_type::{ForeignCallError, PrintableValueDisplay};
 use super::{ForeignCall, ForeignCallExecutor};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
-pub(crate) struct PrintForeignCallExecutor;
+pub enum PrintOutput<'a> {
+    #[default]
+    None,
+    Stdout,
+    String(&'a mut String),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub(crate) struct PrintForeignCallExecutor<'a> {
+    pub(crate) output: PrintOutput<'a>,
+}
 
-impl<F: AcirField> ForeignCallExecutor<F> for PrintForeignCallExecutor {
+impl<F: AcirField> ForeignCallExecutor<F> for PrintForeignCallExecutor<'_> {
     fn execute(
         &mut self,
         foreign_call: &ForeignCallWaitInfo<F>,
@@ -26,7 +36,13 @@ impl<F: AcirField> ForeignCallExecutor<F> for PrintForeignCallExecutor {
                 let display_string =
                     format!("{display_values}{}", if skip_newline { "" } else { "\n" });
 
-                print!("{display_string}");
+                match &mut self.output {
+                    PrintOutput::None => (),
+                    PrintOutput::Stdout => print!("{display_string}"),
+                    PrintOutput::String(string) => {
+                        string.push_str(&display_string);
+                    }
+                }
 
                 Ok(ForeignCallResult::default())
             }

tooling/nargo/src/lib.rs

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ use rayon::prelude::*;
 use walkdir::WalkDir;
 
 pub use self::errors::NargoError;
+pub use self::foreign_calls::print::PrintOutput;
 
 pub fn prepare_dependencies(
     context: &mut Context,

tooling/nargo/src/ops/test.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use crate::{
     errors::try_to_diagnose_runtime_error,
     foreign_calls::{
-        mocker::MockForeignCallExecutor, print::PrintForeignCallExecutor,
-        rpc::RPCForeignCallExecutor, ForeignCall, ForeignCallExecutor,
+        mocker::MockForeignCallExecutor,
+        print::{PrintForeignCallExecutor, PrintOutput},
+        rpc::RPCForeignCallExecutor,
+        ForeignCall, ForeignCallExecutor,
     },
     NargoError,
 };
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ pub fn run_test<B: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<FieldElement>>(
     blackbox_solver: &B,
     context: &mut Context,
     test_function: &TestFunction,
-    show_output: bool,
+    output: PrintOutput<'_>,
     foreign_call_resolver_url: Option<&str>,
     root_path: Option<PathBuf>,
     package_name: Option<String>,
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ pub fn run_test<B: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<FieldElement>>(
                 // Run the backend to ensure the PWG evaluates functions like std::hash::pedersen,
                 // otherwise constraints involving these expressions will not error.
                 let mut foreign_call_executor = TestForeignCallExecutor::new(
-                    show_output,
+                    output,
                     foreign_call_resolver_url,
                     root_path,
                     package_name,
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ pub fn run_test<B: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<FieldElement>>(
                                 initial_witness,
                                 blackbox_solver,
                                 &mut TestForeignCallExecutor::<FieldElement>::new(
-                                    false,
+                                    PrintOutput::None,
                                     foreign_call_resolver_url,
                                     root_path.clone(),
                                     package_name.clone(),
@@ -251,24 +253,24 @@ fn check_expected_failure_message(
 }
 
 /// A specialized foreign call executor which tracks whether it has encountered any unknown foreign calls
-struct TestForeignCallExecutor<F> {
+struct TestForeignCallExecutor<'a, F> {
     /// The executor for any [`ForeignCall::Print`] calls.
-    printer: Option<PrintForeignCallExecutor>,
+    printer: PrintForeignCallExecutor<'a>,
     mocker: MockForeignCallExecutor<F>,
     external: Option<RPCForeignCallExecutor>,
 
     encountered_unknown_foreign_call: bool,
 }
 
-impl<F: Default> TestForeignCallExecutor<F> {
+impl<'a, F: Default> TestForeignCallExecutor<'a, F> {
     fn new(
-        show_output: bool,
+        output: PrintOutput<'a>,
         resolver_url: Option<&str>,
         root_path: Option<PathBuf>,
         package_name: Option<String>,
     ) -> Self {
         let id = rand::thread_rng().gen();
-        let printer = if show_output { Some(PrintForeignCallExecutor) } else { None };
+        let printer = PrintForeignCallExecutor { output };
         let external_resolver = resolver_url.map(|resolver_url| {
             RPCForeignCallExecutor::new(resolver_url, id, root_path, package_name)
         });
@@ -281,8 +283,8 @@ impl<F: Default> TestForeignCallExecutor<F> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<F: AcirField + Serialize + for<'a> Deserialize<'a>> ForeignCallExecutor<F>
-    for TestForeignCallExecutor<F>
+impl<'a, F: AcirField + Serialize + for<'b> Deserialize<'b>> ForeignCallExecutor<F>
+    for TestForeignCallExecutor<'a, F>
 {
     fn execute(
         &mut self,
@@ -293,13 +295,7 @@ impl<F: AcirField + Serialize + for<'a> Deserialize<'a>> ForeignCallExecutor<F>
 
         let foreign_call_name = foreign_call.function.as_str();
         match ForeignCall::lookup(foreign_call_name) {
-            Some(ForeignCall::Print) => {
-                if let Some(printer) = &mut self.printer {
-                    printer.execute(foreign_call)
-                } else {
-                    Ok(ForeignCallResult::default())
-                }
-            }
+            Some(ForeignCall::Print) => self.printer.execute(foreign_call),
 
             Some(
                 ForeignCall::CreateMock