- 221CS245, Sanjay Bhat, [email protected], 7019608367
- 221CS256, Tarun D Joshi, [email protected], 9108250643
The Car Parking Lot System project is a cutting-edge solution designed to streamline the parking experience in valet controlled parking lots. This innovative system uses very simple yet effective technology to enhance efficiency, convenience, and security for both vehicle owners and parking lot operators. Key features of the Car Parking Lot System include: Automated Entry and Exit : The system automatically takes care of the entry time and exit time without anyone present to record it. The system can be integrated with Machine Learning or similar algorithms which allow seamless counting of cars based on the parking lot assigned to it . This way it can be fully automated . This model however is based on a simpler implementation which does not use such algorithms and requires the valet to select the entry and exit of a car. Contactless Payment: Users can pay for parking digitally through mobile apps or online platforms, eliminating the need for cash transactions and reducing waiting times. The cost to be paid is displayed by a digital monitor and can be integrated to only allow passage if the money was fully paid. (Similar to fastag in the modern era). Sustainability: The system can be integrated with energy-efficient lighting and eco-friendly materials, reducing the environmental impact of the parking lot. Easy Access of lots : This system efficiently picks out an available parking lot number and displays to move there . This way we need not worry if there is availability of parking lots inside and can simply rely on the system to tell us this information. Further if available we need not to take the car inside and look for an empty lot since the empty plot number is already assigned to the car by the system. The Car Parking Lot System optimizes the use of available space, reduces congestion, and provides a convenient and hassle-free experience for users, making it a valuable addition to modern urban infrastructure.
The functional table for Binary to BCD:
The functional table for Parking availability selector:
The working of this project is as follows : The system has an inbuilt program that allows it to determine which parking lot is empty based on the entry and exit . Initially all the parking lots are available . The system shows the parking lot which is to be assigned with the help of a LED which displays green, all the LEDs show red if there is no parking lot available. The valet is then expected to choose the assigned parking lot by the system by pressing a button. The button is connected to a T flip flop which ensures that after a vehicle leaves the parking lot assigned to that vehicle is now marked available. If multiple parking lots are available the system shows the closest one to the entry. When the valet presses the button to enter, a clock is set off with respect to the corresponding lot which ticks until the car is removed. The cost is 2 Rs / hr and the store functions for only 7 hours a day hence the parking lot system is by default reset after 7 hours . (i.e each car is only allowed a max duration of 7 hours in the parking lot ) . The cost is calculated every time an hour is passed by using a multiplier for each lot which multiplies the cost and the duration of stay. A clock in the circuit is implemented by using a register which is attached to the output of an adder, whose input is the output of the register. The register is made to update every time by a clock pulse which oscillates with some frequency. The cost is however in binary and we are required to convert this into BCD to display it in a HEX LED display which shows the final cost at a given instant of time. This is done by a 4 bit binary to BCD converter. Thus the cost on the LEDs is the cost to be paid by the user which the valet will deduct from the tabs of the user. During exit the valet deducts the required cost and then presses the button to allow exit ( which can be thought of to trigger a gate which allows the vehicle to pass). This action also triggers the T flip-flop associated with this lot and updates the system's data to make that parking lot available .
The time for each lot is calculated according to the followng image:
The cost is multiplied and converted to BCD in the following image:
module parkingLot(entryTime1, entryTime2, entryTime3,
getParkingLot, incomingVehicle);
// We keep separate registers for all different parking lots for entry times
input [0:3] entryTime1;
input [0:3] entryTime2;
input [0:3] entryTime3;
// register to keep data of available parking lots
reg [0:3] availableParkingLot;
input [0:0] incomingVehicle;
output [0:3] getParkingLot;
initial begin
// initially all parking lots are available
availableParkingLot = 4'b1111;
end
assign getParkingLot[0] = availableParkingLot[0];
assign getParkingLot[1] = !availableParkingLot[0] && availableParkingLot[1];
assign getParkingLot[2] = !availableParkingLot[0] && !availableParkingLot[1]
&& availableParkingLot[2];
assign getParkingLot[3] = !availableParkingLot[0] && !availableParkingLot[1]
&& !availableParkingLot[2] && availableParkingLot[3];
// getParkingLot gives the index of the parking lot to choose by checking which all parking lots are available
// if more than one parkign lots are available then the parking lot with the least index is choosen
// displays status of all parking lots, if any changes occur
always @(availableParkingLot[0], availableParkingLot[1], availableParkingLot[2], availableParkingLot[3])
$display("Current Parking Lot availability: %b | %b | %b | %b", availableParkingLot[0], availableParkingLot[1], availableParkingLot[2], availableParkingLot[3]);
initial #5 availableParkingLot[0] = 1'b0;
endmodule
module rippleCarryAdder(
// module for adding two 4-bit numbers
input [3:0]a,b,
input cin,
output [3:0]sum,
output c4);
wire c1,c2,c3;
FA fa0(sum[0],c1,a[0],b[0],cin);
FA fa1(sum[1],c2,a[1],b[1],c1);
FA fa2(sum[2],c3,a[2],b[2],c2);
FA fa3(sum[3],c4,a[3],b[3],c3);
endmodule
module add_sub(
// circuit for subtracting two numbers
// used to find out duration of stay by subtracting current time with entry time
input subtractor,
input [3:0]A,B,
output [3:0]sum_diff,
output carry_brrow
);
wire [3:0]Bmod;
assign Bmod = {4{subtractor}} ^ B;
rippleCarryAdder rca0(A,Bmod,subtractor,sum_diff,carry_brrow);
endmodule
module multiplier4x4(product,inp1);
// module which multiplies two 4-bit binary numbers
// used when multiplying cost of parking lot per hour with duration of stay
output [7:0]product;
input [3:0]inp1;
reg [3:0] inp2;
initial inp2 = 4'b0010;
assign product[0]=(inp1[0]&inp2[0]);
wire x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7,x8,x9,x10,x11,x12,x13,x14,x15,x16,x17;
HA HA1(product[1],x1,(inp1[1]&inp2[0]),(inp1[0]&inp2[1]));
FA FA1(x2,x3,inp1[1]&inp2[1],(inp1[0]&inp2[2]),x1);
FA FA2(x4,x5,(inp1[1]&inp2[2]),(inp1[0]&inp2[3]),x3);
HA HA2(x6,x7,(inp1[1]&inp2[3]),x5);
HA HA3(product[2],x15,x2,(inp1[2]&inp2[0]));
FA FA5(x14,x16,x4,(inp1[2]&inp2[1]),x15);
FA FA4(x13,x17,x6,(inp1[2]&inp2[2]),x16);
FA FA3(x9,x8,x7,(inp1[2]&inp2[3]),x17);
HA HA4(product[3],x12,x14,(inp1[3]&inp2[0]));
FA FA8(product[4],x11,x13,(inp1[3]&inp2[1]),x12);
FA FA7(product[5],x10,x9,(inp1[3]&inp2[2]),x11);
FA FA6(product[6],product[7],x8,(inp1[3]&inp2[3]),x10);
endmodule
module HA(sout,cout,a,b);
// half adder module
output sout,cout;
input a,b;
assign sout=a^b;
assign cout=(a&b);
endmodule
module FA(sout,cout,a,b,cin);
// full adder module
output sout,cout;
input a,b,cin;
assign sout=(a^b^cin);
assign cout=((a&b)|(a&cin)|(b&cin));
endmodule
module mini_project_tb;
wire [0:7] costOfStay;
reg [0:3] entryTime1;
reg [0:3] entryTime2;
reg [0:3] entryTime3;
wire [0:3] getParkingLot;
reg [0:3] timeElapsed;
reg [0:0] incomingVehicle;
reg[0:3] setParkingLot;
wire [0:3] durationOfStay;
reg subtractor;
initial begin
$dumpfile("mini_project.vcd");
$dumpvars(0, mini_project_tb);
end
parkingLot pL (entryTime1, entryTime2, entryTime3,
getParkingLot, incomingVehicle);
wire carry_brrow;
add_sub uut(subtractor, timeElapsed, entryTime1, durationOfStay, carry_brrow);
multiplier4x4 multiplier(costOfStay, durationOfStay);
initial begin
$monitor("Get free parking lot:| %b | %b | %b | %b | \nCurrent duration of Stay: %d \nCurrent cost of Stay: %d", getParkingLot[0], getParkingLot[1],
getParkingLot[2], getParkingLot[3], durationOfStay, costOfStay);
timeElapsed = 4'b0000;
#2
repeat (2) timeElapsed = timeElapsed + 4'b0001;
incomingVehicle = 1'b1;
//Entry of car in parking lot
$display("New vehicle in parking lot: %b", incomingVehicle[0]);
$display("Vehicle is sent to parking lot which is free");
entryTime1 = timeElapsed;
#3
repeat (3) timeElapsed = timeElapsed + 4'b0001;
//vehicle stays in parking lot for 3 hours
// subtractor = 1 makes the
subtractor = 1;
end
initial #2000 $finish;
endmodule