As it is build on the Laravel framework, it has a few system requirements. Of course, all of these requirements are satisfied by the Docker, so it's highly recommended that you use Docker as your local Laravel development environment.
However, if you are not using Docker, you will need to make sure your server meets the following requirements:
PHP >= 8.1
Composer
OpenSSL PHP Extension
Mbstring PHP Extension
Ctype PHP Extension
JSON PHP Extension
You can check all the laravel related dependecies here.