GitHub - waysup/the-book-of-secret-knowledge: :dizzy: A collection of awesome lists, manuals, blogs, hacks, one-liners, cli/web tools and more. Especially for System and Network Administrators, DevOps, Pentesters or Security Researchers.

A collection of awesome lists, manuals, blogs, hacks, one-liners, cli/web tools and more.

_{Created by
trimstray and

contributors}

📔 What is it?

This list is a collection of various materials that I use every day in my work. It contains a lot of useful information gathered in one piece.

🚻 For whom?

It is intended for everyone and anyone - especially for System and Network Administrators, DevOps, Pentesters or Security Researchers.

ℹ️ Contributing

A few simple rules for this project:

inviting and clear
not tiring
useful

These below rules may be better:

easy to contribute to (Markdown + HTML ...)
easy to find (simple TOC, maybe it's worth extending them?)

Url marked * is temporary unavailable. Please don't delete it without confirming that it has permanently expired.

Before add pull request please see this. All suggestions/PR are welcome!

☑️ Todo

Add useful shell functions
Add one-liners for collection tools (eg. CLI Tools)

💢 Table of Contents

Only main chapters:

CLI Tools
GUI Tools
Web Tools
Systems/Services
Networks
Manuals/Howtos/Tutorials
Awesome Lists
Blogs
Hacking/Penetration Testing
Your daily knowledge and news
Other Cheat Sheets
One-liners

🔱 The Book of Secret Knowledge (Chapters)

CLI Tools ^[TOC]

▪️ Shells

  :small_orange_diamond: Oh My ZSH! - the best framework for managing your Zsh configuration.
  :small_orange_diamond: bash-it - framework for using, developing and maintaining shell scripts and custom commands for your daily work.
  :small_orange_diamond: Oh My Fish - the Fishshell framework.

▪️ Managers

  :small_orange_diamond: Midnight Commander - visual file manager, licensed under GNU General Public License.
  :small_orange_diamond: screen - full-screen window manager that multiplexes a physical terminal.
  :small_orange_diamond: tmux - terminal multiplexer, lets you switch easily between several programs in one terminal.
  :small_orange_diamond: tmux-cssh - sets a comfortable and easy to use functionality, clustering and synchronizing virtual tmux-sessions.

▪️ Terminal emulators

:small_orange_diamond: Guake - is a dropdown terminal made for the GNOME desktop environment.
:small_orange_diamond: Terminator - is based on GNOME Terminal, useful features for sysadmins and other users.

▪️ Network

  :small_orange_diamond: nmap - free and open source (license) utility for network discovery and security auditing.
  :small_orange_diamond: masscan - the fastest Internet port scanner, spews SYN packets asynchronously.
  :small_orange_diamond: pbscan - faster and more efficient stateless SYN scanner and banner grabber.
  :small_orange_diamond: hping - command-line oriented TCP/IP packet assembler/analyzer.
  :small_orange_diamond: mtr - functionality of the 'traceroute' and 'ping' programs in a single network diagnostic tool.
  :small_orange_diamond: netcat - networking utility which reads and writes data across network connections, using the TCP/IP protocol.
  :small_orange_diamond: tcpdump - powerful command-line packet analyzer.
  :small_orange_diamond: tshark - dump and analyze network traffic (wireshark cli).
  :small_orange_diamond: ngrep - is like GNU grep applied to the network layer.
  :small_orange_diamond: bmon - monitoring and debugging tool to capture networking related statistics and prepare them visually.
  :small_orange_diamond: iptraf-ng - is a console-based network monitoring program for Linux that displays information about IP traffic.
  :small_orange_diamond: iPerf3 - is a tool for active measurements of the maximum achievable bandwidth on IP networks.
  :small_orange_diamond: ethr - is a Network Performance Measurement Tool for TCP, UDP & HTTP.
  :small_orange_diamond: Etherate - is a Linux CLI based Ethernet and MPLS traffic testing tool.
  :small_orange_diamond: Nemesis - packet manipulation CLI tool; craft and inject packets of several protocols.
  :small_orange_diamond: packetfu - a mid-level packet manipulation library for Ruby.
  :small_orange_diamond: Scapy - packet manipulation library; forge, send, decode, capture packets of a wide number of protocols.
  :small_orange_diamond: aria2 - is a lightweight multi-protocol & multi-source command-line download utility.

▪️ Network (DNS)

  :small_orange_diamond: fierce - a DNS reconnaissance tool for locating non-contiguous IP space.
  :small_orange_diamond: sublist3r - fast subdomains enumeration tool for penetration testers.
  :small_orange_diamond: amass - tool obtains subdomain names by scraping data sources, crawling web archives and more.
  :small_orange_diamond: namebench - provides personalized DNS server recommendations based on your browsing history.

▪️ Network (HTTP)

  :small_orange_diamond: Curl - command line tool and library for transferring data with URLs.
  :small_orange_diamond: kurly - is an alternative to the widely popular curl program, written in Golang.
  :small_orange_diamond: HTTPie - a user-friendly HTTP client.
  :small_orange_diamond: wuzz - interactive cli tool for HTTP inspection.
  :small_orange_diamond: htrace.sh - shell script to debugging http/https; ssllabs, mozilla observatory, testssl.sh and nmap nse support.
  :small_orange_diamond: httpstat - visualizes curl statistics in a way of beauty and clarity.
  :small_orange_diamond: Lynx - is a text browser for the World Wide Web.
  :small_orange_diamond: siege - is an http load testing and benchmarking utility.
  :small_orange_diamond: wrk - is a modern HTTP benchmarking tool capable of generating significant load.
  :small_orange_diamond: bombardier - fast cross-platform HTTP benchmarking tool written in Go.
  :small_orange_diamond: gobench - http/https load testing and benchmarking tool.
  :small_orange_diamond: gobuster - free and open source directory/file & DNS busting tool written in Go.

▪️ SSL/Security

  :small_orange_diamond: openssl - is a robust, commercial-grade, and full-featured toolkit for the TLS and SSL protocols.
  :small_orange_diamond: gnutls-cli - client program to set up a TLS connection to some other computer.
  :small_orange_diamond: sslyze - fast and powerful SSL/TLS server scanning library.
  :small_orange_diamond: sslscan - tests SSL/TLS enabled services to discover supported cipher suites.
  :small_orange_diamond: testssl.sh - testing TLS/SSL encryption anywhere on any port.
  :small_orange_diamond: spiped - is a utility for creating symmetrically encrypted and authenticated pipes between socket addresses.

▪️ Auditing Tools

  :small_orange_diamond: Lynis - battle-tested security tool for systems running Linux, macOS, or Unix-based operating system.
  :small_orange_diamond: LinEnum - scripted Local Linux Enumeration & Privilege Escalation Checks.
  :small_orange_diamond: Rkhunter - scanner tool for Linux systems that scans backdoors, rootkits and local exploits on your systems.
  :small_orange_diamond: PE-sieve - is a light-weight tool that helps to detect malware running on the system.

▪️ System Diagnostics/Debuggers

  :small_orange_diamond: strace - diagnostic, debugging and instructional userspace utility for Linux.
  :small_orange_diamond: DTrace - is a performance analysis and troubleshooting tool.
  :small_orange_diamond: ltrace - is a library call tracer, used to trace calls made by programs to library functions.
  :small_orange_diamond: sysdig - system exploration and troubleshooting tool with first class support for containers.
  :small_orange_diamond: Valgrind - is an instrumentation framework for building dynamic analysis tools.
  :small_orange_diamond: glances - cross-platform system monitoring tool written in Python.
  :small_orange_diamond: htop - interactive text-mode process viewer for Unix systems. It aims to be a better 'top'.
  :small_orange_diamond: atop - ASCII performance monitor. Includes statistics for CPU, memory, disk, swap, network, and processes.
  :small_orange_diamond: lsof - displays in its output information about files that are opened by processes.
  :small_orange_diamond: FlameGraph - stack trace visualizer.
  :small_orange_diamond: lsofgraph - small utility to convert Unix lsof output to a graph showing FIFO and UNIX interprocess communication.

▪️ Log Analyzers

:small_orange_diamond: GoAccess - real-time web log analyzer and interactive viewer that runs in a terminal.
:small_orange_diamond: ngxtop - real-time metrics for nginx server.

▪️ Databases

  :small_orange_diamond: usql - universal command-line interface for SQL databases.
  :small_orange_diamond: pgcli - postgres CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  :small_orange_diamond: mycli - terminal client for MySQL with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

▪️ TOR

:small_orange_diamond: Nipe - script to make Tor Network your default gateway.
:small_orange_diamond: multitor - a tool that lets you create multiple TOR instances with a load-balancing.

▪️ Other

:small_orange_diamond: incron - is an inode-based filesystem notification technology.
:small_orange_diamond: tldr - simplified and community-driven man pages.

GUI Tools ^[TOC]

▪️ Network

:small_orange_diamond: Wireshark - is the world’s foremost and widely-used network protocol analyzer.
:small_orange_diamond: TOR Browser - protect your privacy and defend yourself against network surveillance and traffic analysis.

▪️ Password Managers

:small_orange_diamond: KeePassXC - store your passwords safely and auto-type them into your everyday websites and apps.
:small_orange_diamond: Enpass - password manager and secure wallet.

▪️ Text editors

  :small_orange_diamond: Sublime Text - is a lightweight, cross-platform code editor known for its speed, ease of use.
  :small_orange_diamond: Visual Studio Code - an open-source and free source code editor developed by Microsoft.
  :small_orange_diamond: Atom - a hackable text editor for the 21st Century.

Web Tools ^[TOC]

▪️ Browsers

  :small_orange_diamond: Can I use - provides up-to-date browser support tables for support of front-end web technologies.
  :small_orange_diamond: Panopticlick 3.0 - is your browser safe against tracking?
  :small_orange_diamond: Privacy Analyzer - see what data is exposed from your browser.
  :small_orange_diamond: Web Browser Security - it's all about Web Browser fingerprinting.

▪️ SSL/Security

  :small_orange_diamond: SSL Server Test - free online service performs a deep analysis of the configuration of any SSL web server.
  :small_orange_diamond: SSL Server Test (DEV) - free online service performs a deep analysis of the configuration of any SSL web server.
  :small_orange_diamond: ImmuniWeb® SSLScan - test SSL/TLS (PCI DSS, HIPAA and NIST).
  :small_orange_diamond: SSL Check - scan your website for non-secure content.
  :small_orange_diamond: urlscan.io - service to scan and analyse websites.
  :small_orange_diamond: Report URI - monitoring security policies like CSP and HPKP.
  :small_orange_diamond: CSP Evaluator - allows developers and security experts to check if a Content Security Policy.
  :small_orange_diamond: Useless CSP - public list about CSP in some big players (might make them care a bit more).
  :small_orange_diamond: Why No HTTPS? - list of the world's top 100 websites by Alexa rank not automatically redirecting insecure requests.
  :small_orange_diamond: cipherli.st - strong ciphers for Apache, Nginx, Lighttpd and more.
  :small_orange_diamond: badssl.com - memorable site for testing clients against bad SSL configs.
  :small_orange_diamond: tlsfun.de - registered for various tests regarding the TLS/SSL protocol.
  :small_orange_diamond: Common CA Database - repository of information about CAs, and their root and intermediate certificates.
  :small_orange_diamond: CERTSTREAM - real-time certificate transparency log update stream.
  :small_orange_diamond: crt.sh - discovers certificates by continually monitoring all of the publicly known CT.

▪️ HTTP Headers & Web Linters

  :small_orange_diamond: Security Headers - analyse the HTTP response headers (with rating system to the results).
  :small_orange_diamond: Observatory by Mozilla - set of tools to analyze your website.
  :small_orange_diamond: webhint - is a linting tool that will help you with your site's accessibility, speed, security and more.

▪️ DNS

  :small_orange_diamond: ViewDNS - one source for free DNS related tools and information.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNSlytics - online investigation tool.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNS Spy - monitor, validate and verify your DNS configurations.
  :small_orange_diamond: Find subdomains online - find subdomains for security assessment penetration test.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNSdumpster - dns recon & research, find & lookup dns records.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNS Table online - search for DNS records by domain, IP, CIDR, ISP.
  :small_orange_diamond: PTRarchive.com - this site is responsible for the safekeeping of historical reverse DNS records.
  :small_orange_diamond: xip.ip - wildcard DNS for everyone.
  :small_orange_diamond: intoDNS - DNS and mail server health checker.
  :small_orange_diamond: Leaf DNS - comprehensive DNS tester.
  :small_orange_diamond: dnslookup (ceipam) - one of the best DNS propagation checker (and not only).
  :small_orange_diamond: What's My DNS - DNS propagation checking tool.

▪️ Mail

  :small_orange_diamond: MX Toolbox - all of your MX record, DNS, blacklist and SMTP diagnostics in one integrated tool.
  :small_orange_diamond: blacklistalert - checks to see if your domain is on a Real Time Spam Blacklist.
  :small_orange_diamond: MultiRBL - complete IP check for sending Mailservers.
  :small_orange_diamond: DKIM SPF & Spam Assassin Validator - checks mail authentication and scores messages with Spam Assassin.

▪️ Net-tools

  :small_orange_diamond: Netcraft - detailed report about the site, helping you to make informed choices about their integrity.
  :small_orange_diamond: RIPE NCC - not-for-profit membership association, a Regional Internet Registry and the secretariat for the RIPE.
  :small_orange_diamond: Robtex - uses various sources to gather public information about IP numbers, domain names, host names, routes etc.
  :small_orange_diamond: Security Trails - APIs for Security Companies, Researchers and Teams.
  :small_orange_diamond: Online Curl - curl test, analyze HTTP Response Headers.
  :small_orange_diamond: Ping.eu - online Ping, Traceroute, DNS lookup, WHOIS and others.
  :small_orange_diamond: Network-Tools - network tools for webmasters, IT technicians & geeks.
  :small_orange_diamond: URL Encode/Decode - tool from above to either encode or decode a string of text.
  :small_orange_diamond: Uncoder - the online translator for search queries on log data.
  :small_orange_diamond: Regex101 - online regex tester and debugger: PHP, PCRE, Python, Golang and JavaScript.
  :small_orange_diamond: RegExr - online tool to learn, build, & test Regular Expressions (RegEx / RegExp).
  :small_orange_diamond: Hardenize - deploy the security standards.
  :small_orange_diamond: VirusTotal - analyze suspicious files and URLs to detect types of malware.

▪️ Privacy

:small_orange_diamond: privacytools.io - provides knowledge and tools to protect your privacy against global mass surveillance.
:small_orange_diamond: DNS Privacy Test Servers - DNS privacy recursive servers list (with a 'no logging' policy).

▪️ Code parsers/playgrounds

  :small_orange_diamond: ShellCheck - finds bugs in your shell scripts.
  :small_orange_diamond: explainshell - get interactive help texts for shell commands.
  :small_orange_diamond: jsbin - live pastebin for HTML, CSS & JavaScript and more.
  :small_orange_diamond: CodePen - a social development environment for front-end designers and developers.
  :small_orange_diamond: CodeSandbox - online code editor for web application development. Supports React, Vue, Angular, CxJS, Dojo, etc.
  :small_orange_diamond: PHP Sandbox - test your PHP code with this code tester.
  :small_orange_diamond: Repl.it - an instant IDE to learn, build, collaborate, and host all in one place.

▪️ Performance

  :small_orange_diamond: GTmetrix - analyze your site’s speed and make it faster.
  :small_orange_diamond: Sucuri loadtimetester - test here the performance of any of your sites from across the globe.
  :small_orange_diamond: Pingdom Tools - analyze your site’s speed around the world.
  :small_orange_diamond: PingMe.io - run website latency tests across multiple geographic regions.
  :small_orange_diamond: PageSpeed Insights - analyze your site’s speed and make it faster.
  :small_orange_diamond: web.dev - helps developers like you learn and apply the web's modern capabilities to your own sites and apps.

▪️ Mass scanners (search engines)

  :small_orange_diamond: Censys - platform that helps information security practitioners discover, monitor, and analyze devices.
  :small_orange_diamond: Shodan - the world's first search engine for Internet-connected devices.
  :small_orange_diamond: Shodan 2000 - do you use Shodan for everyday work? This tool looks for randomly generated data from Shodan.
  :small_orange_diamond: GreyNoise - mass scanner such as Shodan and Censys.
  :small_orange_diamond: ZoomEye - search engine for cyberspace that lets the user find specific network components.
  :small_orange_diamond: FOFA - is a cyberspace search engine.
  :small_orange_diamond: onyphe - is a search engine for open-source and cyber threat intelligence data collected.
  :small_orange_diamond: binaryedge - it scan the entire internet space and create real-time threat intelligence streams and reports.
  :small_orange_diamond: hunter - lets you find email addresses in seconds and connect with the people that matter for your business.
  :small_orange_diamond: wigle - is a submission-based catalog of wireless networks. All the networks. Found by Everyone.
  :small_orange_diamond: PublicWWW - find any alphanumeric snippet, signature or keyword in the web pages HTML, JS and CSS code.
  :small_orange_diamond: IntelTechniques - this repository contains hundreds of online search utilities.
  :small_orange_diamond: GhostProject? - search by full email address or username.
  :small_orange_diamond: Buckets by Grayhatwarfar - database with public search for Open Amazon S3 Buckets and their contents.
  :small_orange_diamond: Vigilante.pw - the breached database directory.
  :small_orange_diamond: builtwith - find out what websites are built with.
  :small_orange_diamond: Mamont's open FTP Index - if a target has an open FTP site with accessible content it will be listed here.

▪️ Passwords

:small_orange_diamond: Gotcha? - list of 1.4 billion accounts circulates around the Internet.
:small_orange_diamond: have i been pwned? - check if you have an account that has been compromised in a data breach.

▪️ CVE/Exploits databases

  :small_orange_diamond: CVE Mitre - list of publicly known cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
  :small_orange_diamond: CVE Details - CVE security vulnerability advanced database.
  :small_orange_diamond: Exploit DB - CVE compliant archive of public exploits and corresponding vulnerable software.
  :small_orange_diamond: 0day.today - exploits market provides you the possibility to buy zero-day exploits and also to sell 0day exploits.
  :small_orange_diamond: sploitus - the exploit and tools database.
  :small_orange_diamond: cxsecurity - free vulnerability database.

▪️ Mobile Apps

  :small_orange_diamond: ImmuniWeb® Mobile App Scanner - test security and privacy of mobile apps (iOS & Android).
  :small_orange_diamond: Quixxi - free Mobile App Vulnerability Scanner for Android & iOS.
  :small_orange_diamond: Ostorlab - analyzes mobile application to identify vulnerabilities and potential weaknesses.

Systems/Services ^[TOC]

▪️ Systems

  :small_orange_diamond: Slackware - the most "Unix-like" Linux distribution.
  :small_orange_diamond: OpenBSD - multi-platform 4.4BSD-based UNIX-like operating system.
  :small_orange_diamond: HardenedBSD - HardenedBSD aims to implement innovative exploit mitigation and security solutions.
  :small_orange_diamond: Kali Linux - Linux distribution used for Penetration Testing, Ethical Hacking and network security assessments.
  :small_orange_diamond: Backbox Linux - penetration test and security assessment oriented Ubuntu-based Linux distribution.

▪️ HTTP(s) Services

  :small_orange_diamond: Varnish Cache - HTTP accelerator designed for content-heavy dynamic web sites.
  :small_orange_diamond: Nginx - open source web and reverse proxy server that is similar to Apache, but very light weight.
  :small_orange_diamond: HAProxy - the reliable, high performance TCP/HTTP load balancer.

▪️ Secure WebMail Providers

  :small_orange_diamond: CounterMail - is a secure and easy to use online email service, designed to provide maximum security and privacy.
  :small_orange_diamond: Mail2Tor - is a Tor Hidden Service that allows anyone to send and receive emails anonymously.
  :small_orange_diamond: Protonmail - is the world's largest secure email service, developed by CERN and MIT scientists.

▪️ Crypto

:small_orange_diamond: Keybase - it's open source and powered by public-key cryptography.

▪️ PGP Keyservers

:small_orange_diamond: SKS OpenPGP Key server - includes a highly-efficient reconciliation algorithm for keeping the keyservers synchronized.

▪️ Security/hardening

  :small_orange_diamond: Emerald Onion - seattle-based encrypted-transit internet service provider.
  :small_orange_diamond: Unbound - validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver (with TLS).
  :small_orange_diamond: Knot Resolver - caching full resolver implementation, including both a resolver library and a daemon.
  :small_orange_diamond: Vulnreport - open-source pentesting management and automation platform by Salesforce Product Security.

Networks ^[TOC]

▪️ Tools

:small_orange_diamond: CapAnalysis - web visual tool to analyze large amounts of captured network traffic (PCAP analyzer).

▪️ Labs

:small_orange_diamond: NRE Labs - learn automation by doing it. Right now, right here, in your browser.

Manuals/Howtos/Tutorials ^[TOC]

▪️ Bash

  :small_orange_diamond: pure-bash-bible - a collection of pure bash alternatives to external processes.
  :small_orange_diamond: The Bash Hackers Wiki - hold documentation of any kind about GNU Bash.
  :small_orange_diamond: Shell & Utilities - describes the commands and utilities offered to application programs by POSIX-conformant systems.

▪️ Python

:small_orange_diamond: Awesome Python - A curated list of awesome Python frameworks, libraries, software and resources.

▪️ Sed & Awk & Other

:small_orange_diamond: F’Awk Yeah! - advanced sed and awk usage (Parsing for Pentesters 3).

▪️ *nix & Network

  :small_orange_diamond: nixCraft - linux and unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin.
  :small_orange_diamond: TecMint - the ideal Linux blog for Sysadmins & Geeks.
  :small_orange_diamond: Omnisecu - Free Networking, System Administration and Security Tutorials.
  :small_orange_diamond: Unix Toolbox - collection of Unix/Linux/BSD commands and tasks which are useful for IT work or for advanced users.
  :small_orange_diamond: Linux Guide and Hints - tutorials on system administration in Fedora® and CentOS®, including OpenLDAP and FreeIPA.
  :small_orange_diamond: http2-explained - a detailed document explaining and documenting HTTP/2.
  :small_orange_diamond: http3-explained - a document describing the HTTP/3 and QUIC protocols.

▪️ System hardening

:small_orange_diamond: Security Harden CentOS 7 - this walks you through the steps required to security harden CentOS.
:small_orange_diamond: CentOS 7 Server Hardening Guide - great guide for hardening CentOS; familiar with OpenSCAP.

▪️ Security & Privacy

  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP - worldwide not-for-profit charitable organization focused on improving the security of software.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP ASVS 3.0.1 - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard Project.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP ASVS 3.0.1 Web App - simple web app that helps developers understand the ASVS requirements.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP Testing Guide v4 - includes a "best practice" penetration testing framework.
  :small_orange_diamond: Hacking Articles - LRaj Chandel's Security & Hacking Blog.
  :small_orange_diamond: AWS security tools - make your AWS cloud environment more secure.
  :small_orange_diamond: Rawsec's CyberSecurity Inventory - an inventory of tools and resources about CyberSecurity.
  :small_orange_diamond: Application Security Wiki - is an initiative to provide all application security related resources at one place.
  :small_orange_diamond: The Illustrated TLS Connection - every byte of a TLS connection explained and reproduced.
  :small_orange_diamond: The Art of Subdomain Enumeration - a reference for subdomain enumeration techniques.
  :small_orange_diamond: Quitting Google - the comprehensive guide to quitting Google.

▪️ Web Apps

:small_orange_diamond: Mozilla Web Security - help operational teams with creating secure web applications.
:small_orange_diamond: Enable CORS - enable cross-origin resource sharing.

▪️ Other

  :small_orange_diamond: CTF Series : Vulnerable Machines - the steps below could be followed to find vulnerabilities and exploits.
  :small_orange_diamond: How to start RE/malware analysis? - collection of some hints and useful links for the beginners.
  :small_orange_diamond: LZone Cheat Sheets - all cheat sheets.
  :small_orange_diamond: Dan’s Cheat Sheets’s - massive cheat sheets documentation.
  :small_orange_diamond: The C10K problem - it's time for web servers to handle ten thousand clients simultaneously, don't you think?
  :small_orange_diamond: Bank Grade Security - when companies say they have "Bank Grade Security" they imply that it is a good thing.*
  :small_orange_diamond: HTTPS on Stack Overflow - this is the story of a long journey regarding the implementation of SSL.
  :small_orange_diamond: Julia's Drawings - some drawings about programming and unix world, zines about systems & debugging tools.
  :small_orange_diamond: DEF CON Media Server - great stuff from DEFCON 26.
  :small_orange_diamond: BGP Meets Cat - after 3072 hours of manipulating BGP, Job Snijders has succeeded in drawing a Nyancat.
  :small_orange_diamond: HTTPS in the real world - great tutorial explain how HTTPS works in the real world.
  :small_orange_diamond: Gitlab and NFS bug - how we spent two weeks hunting an NFS bug in the Linux kernel.
  :small_orange_diamond: Hidden directories - hidden directories and files as a source of sensitive information about web application.
  :small_orange_diamond: How To Become A Hacker - if you want to be a hacker, keep reading.
  :small_orange_diamond: Operation Costs in CPU - an infographics which should help to estimate costs of certain operations in CPU clocks.

Awesome Lists ^[TOC]

  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Sysadmin - amazingly awesome open source sysadmin resources.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Shell - awesome command-line frameworks, toolkits, guides and gizmos.
  :small_orange_diamond: Movies for Hackers - list of movies every hacker & cyberpunk must watch.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome-Selfhosted - list of Free Software network services and web applications which can be hosted locally.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Web Security - curated list of Web Security materials and resources.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Pcaptools - collection of tools developed by other researchers to process network traces.
  :small_orange_diamond: Linux Network Performance - learn where some of the network sysctl variables fit into the Linux/Kernel network flow.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Scalability - best practices in building High Scalability, High Availability, High Stability and more.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Postgres - list of awesome PostgreSQL software, libraries, tools and resources.
  :small_orange_diamond: Command-line-text-processing - from finding text to search and replace, from sorting to beautifying text and more.
  :small_orange_diamond: Free Security eBooks - list of a Free Security and Hacking eBooks.

Blogs ^[TOC]

▪️ Geeky Persons

  :small_orange_diamond: Brendan Gregg's Blog - Brendan Gregg is an industry expert in computing performance and cloud computing.
  :small_orange_diamond: Gynvael "GynDream" Coldwind - Gynvael is a IT security engineer at Google.
  :small_orange_diamond: Michał "lcamtuf" Zalewski - "white hat" hacker, computer security expert.
  :small_orange_diamond: Mattias Geniar - developer, Sysadmin, Blogger, Podcaster and Public Speaker.
  :small_orange_diamond: Nick Craver - Software Developer and Systems Administrator for Stack Exchange.
  :small_orange_diamond: Robert Penz - IT security Expert.
  :small_orange_diamond: Scott Helme - Security Researcher, international speaker and founder of securityheaders.com and report-uri.com.
  :small_orange_diamond: Binni Shah - Linux Evangelist. Malwares. Kernel Dev. Security Enthusiast.
  :small_orange_diamond: Kacper Szurek - Detection Engineer at ESET.
  :small_orange_diamond: Troy Hunt - Microsoft Regional Director and Microsoft Most Valuable Professional for Developer Security.
  :small_orange_diamond: raymii.org - linux/unix sysadmin specializing in building high availability cloud environments.

▪️ Geeky Blogs

  :small_orange_diamond: Linux Audit - the Linux security blog about Auditing, Hardening and Compliance by Michael Boelen.
  :small_orange_diamond: Linux Security Expert - trainings, howtos, checklists, security tools and more.
  :small_orange_diamond: The Grymoire - collection of useful incantations for wizards, be you computer wizards, magicians, or whatever.

▪️ A piece of history

:small_orange_diamond: How to Do Things at ARL - how to configure modems, scan images, record CD-ROMs, and other useful techniques.

Hacking/Penetration Testing ^[TOC]

▪️ Pentesters arsenal tools

  :small_orange_diamond: Sandcat Browser - a penetration-oriented browser with plenty of advanced functionality already built in.
  :small_orange_diamond: Metasploit - tool and framework for pentesting system, web and many more, contains a lot a ready to use exploit.
  :small_orange_diamond: Burp Suite - tool for testing Web application security, intercepting proxy to replay, inject, scan and fuzz HTTP requests.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP Zed Attack Proxy - intercepting proxy to replay, inject, scan and fuzz HTTP requests.
  :small_orange_diamond: w3af - is a Web Application Attack and Audit Framework.
  :small_orange_diamond: Nikto2 - web server scanner which performs comprehensive tests against web servers for multiple items.
  :small_orange_diamond: sqlmap - tool that automates the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws.
  :small_orange_diamond: Faraday - an Integrated Multiuser Pentest Environment.
  :small_orange_diamond: ctf-tools - some setup scripts for security research tools.
  :small_orange_diamond: security-tools - collection of small security tools created mostly in Python. CTFs, pentests and so on.
  :small_orange_diamond: fuzzdb - dictionary of attack patterns and primitives for black-box application fault injection and resource discovery.
  :small_orange_diamond: GDB PEDA - Python Exploit Development Assistance for GDB.
  :small_orange_diamond: IDA - multi-processor disassembler and debugger useful for reverse engineering malware.
  :small_orange_diamond: radare2 - framework for reverse-engineering and analyzing binaries.

▪️ Pentests bookmarks collection

  :small_orange_diamond: PTES - the penetration testing execution standard.
  :small_orange_diamond: Pentests MindMap - amazing mind map with vulnerable apps and systems.
  :small_orange_diamond: WebApps Security Tests MindMap - incredible mind map for WebApps security tests.
  :small_orange_diamond: Brute XSS - master the art of Cross Site Scripting.
  :small_orange_diamond: Offensive Security Bookmarks - security bookmarks collection, all that things I need to pass OSCP.
  :small_orange_diamond: SecLists - collection of multiple types of lists used during security assessments, collected in one place.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Pentest Cheat Sheets - collection of the cheat sheets useful for pentesting.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Hacking by HackWithGithub - awesome lists for hackers, pentesters and security researchers.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Hacking by carpedm20 - a curated list of awesome hacking tutorials, tools and resources.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Hacking Resources - collection of hacking/penetration testing resources to make you better.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Pentest - collection of awesome penetration testing resources, tools and other shiny things.
  :small_orange_diamond: Hacking Cheat Sheet - author hacking and pentesting notes.
  :small_orange_diamond: Cyber Security Resources - includes thousands of cybersecurity-related references and resources.
  :small_orange_diamond: Pentest Bookmarks - there are a LOT of pentesting blogs.
  :small_orange_diamond: PayloadsAllTheThings - a list of useful payloads and bypass for Web Application Security and Pentest/CTF.
  :small_orange_diamond: Pentesting Tools Cheat Sheet - a quick reference high level overview for typical penetration testing engagements.
  :small_orange_diamond: Awesome Malware Analysis - a curated list of awesome malware analysis tools and resources.
  :small_orange_diamond: SQL Injection Cheat Sheet - detailed technical information about the many different variants of the SQL Injection.
  :small_orange_diamond: Entersoft Knowledge Base - great and detailed reference about vulnerabilities.
  :small_orange_diamond: HTML5 Security Cheatsheet - a collection of HTML5 related XSS attack vectors.
  :small_orange_diamond: XSS String Encoder - for generating XSS code to check your input validation filters against XSS.
  :small_orange_diamond: GTFOBins - list of Unix binaries that can be exploited by an attacker to bypass local security restrictions.
  :small_orange_diamond: Guifre Ruiz Notes - collection of security, system, network and pentest cheatsheets.
  :small_orange_diamond: SSRF Tips - a collection of SSRF Tips.
  :small_orange_diamond: shell-storm repo CTF - great archive of CTFs.

▪️ Bounty programs

  :small_orange_diamond: Bounty Factory - European bug bounty platform based on the legislation and rules in force in European countries.
  :small_orange_diamond: Openbugbounty - allows any security researcher reporting a vulnerability on any website.
  :small_orange_diamond: hackerone - global hacker community to surface the most relevant security issues.
  :small_orange_diamond: bugcrowd - crowdsourced cybersecurity for the enterprise.
  :small_orange_diamond: Crowdshield - crowdsourced Security & Bug Bounty Management.

▪️ Web Training Apps (local installation)

  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP-VWAD - comprehensive and well maintained registry of all known vulnerable web applications.
  :small_orange_diamond: Metasploitable 2 - vulnerable web application amongst security researchers.
  :small_orange_diamond: DVWA - PHP/MySQL web application that is damn vulnerable.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP Mutillidae II - free, open source, deliberately vulnerable web-application.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP Juice Shop Project - the most bug-free vulnerable application in existence.
  :small_orange_diamond: OWASP WebGoat Project - insecure web application maintained by OWASP designed to teach web app security.
  :small_orange_diamond: Security Ninjas - open source application security training program.
  :small_orange_diamond: hackazon - a modern vulnerable web app.
  :small_orange_diamond: dvna - damn vulnerable NodeJS application.
  :small_orange_diamond: Google Gruyere - web application exploits and defenses.
  :small_orange_diamond: Bodhi - is a playground focused on learning the exploitation of client-side web vulnerabilities.

▪️ Labs (ethical hacking platforms/trainings/CTFs)

  :small_orange_diamond: Offensive Security - true performance-based penetration testing training for over a decade.
  :small_orange_diamond: Hack The Box - online platform allowing you to test your penetration testing skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: Hacking-Lab - online ethical hacking, computer network and security challenge platform.
  :small_orange_diamond: pwnable.kr - non-commercial wargame site which provides various pwn challenges regarding system exploitation.
  :small_orange_diamond: Pwnable.tw - is a wargame site for hackers to test and expand their binary exploiting skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: picoCTF - is a free computer security game targeted at middle and high school students.
  :small_orange_diamond: CTFlearn - is an online platform built to help ethical hackers learn and practice their cybersecurity knowledge and skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: Silesia Security Lab - high quality security testing services.
  :small_orange_diamond: Practical Pentest Labs - pentest lab, take your Hacking skills to the next level.
  :small_orange_diamond: Root Me - the fast, easy, and affordable way to train your hacking skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: rozwal.to - a great platform to train your pentesting skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: TryHackMe - learning Cyber Security made easy.
  :small_orange_diamond: hackxor - is a realistic web application hacking game, designed to help players of all abilities develop their skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: OverTheWire - can help you to learn and practice security concepts in the form of fun-filled games.
  :small_orange_diamond: Wizard Labs - is an online Penetration Testing Lab.
  :small_orange_diamond: PentesterLab - provides vulnerable systems that can be used to test and understand vulnerabilities.
  :small_orange_diamond: RingZer0 - tons of challenges designed to test and improve your hacking skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: Ubeeri - preconfigured lab environments.
  :small_orange_diamond: Pentestit - emulate IT infrastructures of real companies for legal pen testing and improving penetration testing skills.
  :small_orange_diamond: Microcorruption - reversal challenges done in the web interface.
  :small_orange_diamond: Crackmes - download crackmes to help improve your reverse engineering skills.

▪️ Other resources

:small_orange_diamond: Bugcrowd University - open source education content for the researcher community.

Your daily knowledge and news ^[TOC]

▪️ RSS Readers

:small_orange_diamond: Feedly - organize, read and share what matters to you.

▪️ Security

  :small_orange_diamond: Security Newsletter - security news as a weekly digest (email notifications).
  :small_orange_diamond: Google Online Security Blog - the latest news and insights from Google on security and safety on the Internet.
  :small_orange_diamond: Qualys Blog - expert network security guidance and news.
  :small_orange_diamond: DARKReading - connecting the Information Security Community.
  :small_orange_diamond: publiclyDisclosed - public disclosure watcher who keeps you up to date about the recently disclosed bugs.
  :small_orange_diamond: Packet Storm - information security services, news, files, tools, exploits, advisories and whitepapers.
  :small_orange_diamond: Sekurak - about security, penetration tests, vulnerabilities and many others (PL/EN).
  :small_orange_diamond: nf.sec - basic aspects and mechanisms of Linux operating system security (PL).

Other Cheat Sheets ^[TOC]

Build your own DNS Servers

  :small_orange_diamond: Unbound DNS Tutorial - a validating, recursive, and caching DNS server.
  :small_orange_diamond: Knot Resolver on Fedora - how to get faster and more secure DNS resolution with Knot Resolver on Fedora.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNS-over-HTTPS - tutorial to setup your own DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) server.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNS Servers - how (and why) i run my own DNS Servers.
  :small_orange_diamond: DNS Privacy Server - running your own DoT or DoH server this page provides some ideas.

Build your own Certificate Authority

:small_orange_diamond: OpenSSL Certificate Authority - build your own certificate authority (CA) using the OpenSSL command-line tools.

Build your own System/Virtual Machine

:small_orange_diamond: os-tutorial - how to create an OS from scratch.
:small_orange_diamond: Write your Own Virtual Machine - how to write your own virtual machine (VM).

DNS Servers list (privacy)

IP	URL
`84.200.69.80`	dns.watch
`94.247.43.254`	opennic.org
`64.6.64.6`	verisign.com
`89.233.43.71`	censurfridns.dk
`1.1.1.1`	cloudflare.com
`94.130.110.185`	dnsprivacy.at

TOP 10 Browser extensions

Extension name	Description
`IPvFoo`	Display the server IP address and HTTPS information across all page elements.
`FoxyProxy`	Simplifies configuring browsers to access proxy-servers.
`HTTPS Everywhere`	Automatically use HTTPS security on many sites.
`uMatrix`	Point & click to forbid/allow any class of requests made by your browser.
`uBlock Origin`	An efficient blocker: easy on memory and CPU footprint.
`Session Buddy`	Manage browser tabs and bookmarks with ease.
`SuperSorter`	Sort bookmarks recursively, delete duplicates, merge folders and more.
`Clear Cache`	Clear your cache and browsing data.
`d3coder`	Encoding/Decoding plugin for various types of encoding.
`Web Developer`	Adds a toolbar button with various web developer tools.

TOP 12 Burp extensions

Extension name	Description
`Autorize`	Automatically detects authorization enforcement.
`Reflection`	An efficient blocker: easy on memory and CPU footprint.
`Logger++`	Logs requests and responses for all Burp tools in a sortable table.
`Bypass WAF`	Adds headers useful for bypassing some WAF devices.
`JSON Beautifier`	Beautifies JSON content in the HTTP message viewer.
`JSON Web Tokens`	Enables Burp to decode and manipulate JSON web tokens.
`CSP Auditor`	Displays CSP headers for responses, and passively reports CSP weaknesses.
`CSP-Bypass`	Passively scans for CSP headers that contain known bypasses..
`Hackvertor`	Converts data using a tag-based configuration to apply various encoding.
`Active Scan++`	Extends Burp's active and passive scanning capabilities.
`HTML5 Auditor`	Scans for usage of risky HTML5 features.
`Software Vulnerability Scanner`	Software vulnerability scanner based on Vulners.com audit API.

One-liners ^[TOC]

System
- terminal
- mount
- fuser
- ps
- top
- strace
- kill
- find
- diff
- tail
- cpulimit
- pwdx
- tr
- chmod
- who
- last
- screen
- du
- inotifywait
- openssl
- gnutls-cli
- secure-delete
- dd
HTTP/HTTPS
- curl
- httpie
Network
- ssh
- linux-dev
- tcpdump
- tcpick
- ngrep
- hping3
- netcat
- socat
- lsof
- netstat
- rsync
- host
- dig
- network-other
Programming
- awk
- sed
- grep

System

Tool: terminal

Reload shell without exit

exec $SHELL -l

Close shell keeping all subprocess running

disown -a && exit

Exit without saving shell history

kill -9 $$
unset HISTFILE && exit

Perform a branching conditional

true && echo success
false || echo failed

Pipe stdout and stderr to separate commands

some_command > >(/bin/cmd_for_stdout) 2> >(/bin/cmd_for_stderr)

Redirect stdout and stderr each to separate files and print both to the screen

(some_command 2>&1 1>&3 | tee errorlog ) 3>&1 1>&2 | tee stdoutlog

List of commands you use most often

history | \
awk '{CMD[$2]++;count++;}END { for (a in CMD)print CMD[a] " " CMD[a]/count*100 "% " a;}' | \
grep -v "./" | \
column -c3 -s " " -t | \
sort -nr | nl |  head -n 20

Quickly backup a file

cp filename{,.orig}

Empty a file (truncate to 0 size)

>filename

Delete all files in a folder that don't match a certain file extension

rm !(*.foo|*.bar|*.baz)

Pass multi-line string to a file

# cat  >filename ... - overwrite file
# cat >>filename ... - append to file
cat > filename << __EOF__
data data data
__EOF__

Edit a file on a remote host using vim

vim scp://user@host//etc/fstab

Create a directory and change into it at the same time

mkd () { mkdir -p "$@" && cd "$@"; }

Convert uppercase files to lowercase files

rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *

Print a row of characters across the terminal

printf "%`tput cols`s" | tr ' ' '#'

Show shell history without line numbers

history | cut -c 8-
fc -l -n 1 | sed 's/^\s*//'

Run command(s) after exit session

cat > /etc/profile << __EOF__
_after_logout() {

  username=$(whoami)

  for _pid in $(ps afx | grep sshd | grep "$username" | awk '{print $1}') ; do

    kill -9 $_pid

  done

}
trap _after_logout EXIT
__EOF__

Generate a sequence of numbers

for ((i=1; i<=10; i+=2)) ; do echo $i ; done
# alternative: seq 1 2 10

for ((i=5; i<=10; ++i)) ; do printf '%02d\n' $i ; done
# alternative: seq -w 5 10

Tool: mount

Mount a temporary ram partition

mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /mnt -o size=64M

-t - filesystem type
-o - mount options

Remount a filesystem as read/write

mount -o remount,rw /

Tool: fuser

Kills a process that is locking a file

fuser -k filename

Show what PID is listening on specific port

fuser -v 53/udp

Tool: ps

Show a 4-way scrollable process tree with full details

ps awwfux | less -S

Processes per user counter

ps hax -o user | sort | uniq -c | sort -r

Tool: find

Find files that have been modified on your system in the past 60 minutes

find / -mmin 60 -type f

Find all files larger than 20M

find / -type f -size +20M

Find duplicate files (based on MD5 hash)

find -type f -exec md5sum '{}' ';' | sort | uniq --all-repeated=separate -w 33

Change permission only for files

cd /var/www/site && find . -type f -exec chmod 766 {} \;
cd /var/www/site && find . -type f -exec chmod 664 {} +

Change permission only for directories

cd /var/www/site && find . -type d -exec chmod g+x {} \;
cd /var/www/site && find . -type d -exec chmod g+rwx {} +

Find files and directories for specific user

find . -user <username> -print

Find files and directories for all without specific user

find . \!-user <username> -print

Delete older files than 60 days

find . -type f -mtime +60 -delete

Recursively remove all empty sub-directories from a directory

find . -depth  -type d  -empty -exec rmdir {} \;

How to find all hard links to a file

find </path/to/dir> -xdev -samefile filename

Recursively find the latest modified files

find . -type f -exec stat --format '%Y :%y %n' "{}" \; | sort -nr | cut -d: -f2- | head

Tool: top

Use top to monitor only all processes with the specific string

top -p $(pgrep -d , <str>)

<str> - process containing str (eg. nginx, worker)

Tool: strace

Track child process

strace -f -p $(pidof glusterfsd)

Track process after 30 seconds

timeout 30 strace $(< /var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid)

Track child process and redirect output to a file

ps auxw | grep 'sbin/[a]pache' | awk '{print " -p " $2}' | xargs strace -o /tmp/strace-apache-proc.out

Track the open request of a network port

strace -f -e trace=bind nc -l 80

Track the open request of a network port (show TCP/UDP)

strace -f -e trace=network nc -lu 80

Tool: kill

Kill a process running on port

kill -9 $(lsof -i :<port> | awk '{l=$2} END {print l}')

Tool: diff

Compare two directory trees

diff <(cd directory1 && find | sort) <(cd directory2 && find | sort)

Tool: tail

Annotate tail -f with timestamps

tail -f file | while read ; do echo "$(date +%T.%N) $REPLY" ; done

Analyse an Apache access log for the most common IP addresses

tail -10000 access_log | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n | tail

Analyse web server log and show only 5xx http codes

tail -n 100 -f /path/to/logfile | grep "HTTP/[1-2].[0-1]\" [5]"

Tool: tar

System backup with exclude specific directories

cd /
tar -czvpf /mnt/system$(date +%d%m%Y%s).tgz --directory=/ \
--exclude=proc/* --exclude=sys/* --exclude=dev/* --exclude=mnt/* .

System backup with exclude specific directories (pigz)

cd /
tar cvpf /backup/snapshot-$(date +%d%m%Y%s).tgz --directory=/ \
--exclude=proc/* --exclude=sys/* --exclude=dev/* \
--exclude=mnt/* --exclude=tmp/* --use-compress-program=pigz .

Tool: dump

System backup to file

dump -y -u -f /backup/system$(date +%d%m%Y%s).lzo /

Restore system from lzo file

cd /
restore -rf /backup/system$(date +%d%m%Y%s).lzo

Tool: cpulimit

Limit the cpu usage of a process

cpulimit -p pid -l 50

Tool: pwdx

Show current working directory of a process

pwdx <pid>

Tool: taskset

Start a command on only one CPU core

taskset -c 0 <command>

Tool: tr

Show directories in the PATH, one per line

tr : '\n' <<<$PATH

Tool: chmod

Remove executable bit from all files in the current directory

chmod -R -x+X *

Restore permission for /bin/chmod

# 1:
cp /bin/ls chmod.01
cp /bin/chmod chmod.01
./chmod.01 700 file

# 2:
/bin/busybox chmod 0700 /bin/chmod

# 3:
setfacl --set u::rwx,g::---,o::--- /bin/chmod

Tool: who

Find last reboot time

who -b

Detect a user sudo-su'd into the current shell

[[ $(who -m | awk '{ print $1 }') == $(whoami) ]] || echo "You are su-ed to $(whoami)"

Tool: last

Was the last reboot a panic?

(last -x -f $(ls -1t /var/log/wtmp* | head -2 | tail -1); last -x -f /var/log/wtmp) | grep -A1 reboot | head -2 | grep -q shutdown && echo "Expected reboot" || echo "Panic reboot"

Tool: screen

Start screen in detached mode

screen -d -m [<command>]

Tool: du

Show 20 biggest directories with 'K M G'

du | \
sort -r -n | \
awk '{split("K M G",v); s=1; while($1>1024){$1/=1024; s++} print int($1)" "v[s]"\t"$2}' | \
head -n 20

Tool: inotifywait

Init tool everytime a file in a directory is modified

while true ; do inotifywait -r -e MODIFY dir/ && ls dir/ ; done;

Tool: openssl

Testing connection to remote host

echo | openssl s_client -connect google.com:443 -showcerts

Testing connection to remote host (with SNI support)

echo | openssl s_client -showcerts -servername google.com -connect google.com:443

Testing connection to remote host with specific ssl version

openssl s_client -tls1_2 -connect google.com:443

Testing connection to remote host with specific ssl cipher

openssl s_client -cipher 'AES128-SHA' -connect google.com:443

Generate private key

# _len: 2048, 4096
( _fd="private.key" ; _len="4096" ; \
openssl genrsa -out ${_fd} ${_len} )

Generate private key with password

# _ciph: des3, aes128, aes256
# _len: 2048, 4096
( _ciph="aes128" ; _fd="private.key" ; _len="4096" ; \
openssl genrsa -${_ciph} -out ${_fd} ${_len} )

Remove password from private key

( _fd="private.key" ; _fd_unp="private_unp.key" ; \
openssl rsa -in ${_fd} -out ${_fd_unp} )

Get public key from private key

( _fd="private.key" ; _fd_pub="public.key" ; \
openssl rsa -pubout -in ${_fd} -out ${_fd_pub} )

Generate private key + csr

( _fd="private.key" ; _fd_csr="request.csr" ; _len="4096" ; \
openssl req -out ${_fd_csr} -new -newkey rsa:${_len} -nodes -keyout ${_fd} )

Generate csr

( _fd="private.key" ; _fd_csr="request.csr" ; \
openssl req -out ${_fd_csr} -new -key ${_fd} )

Generate csr (metadata from exist certificate)

( _fd="private.key" ; _fd_csr="request.csr" ; _fd_crt="cert.crt" ; \
openssl x509 -x509toreq -in ${_fd_crt} -out ${_fd_csr} -signkey ${_fd} )

Generate csr with -config param

( _fd="private.key" ; _fd_csr="request.csr" ; \
openssl req -new -sha256 -key ${_fd} -out ${_fd_csr} \
-config <(
cat <<-EOF
[req]
default_bits = 2048
prompt = no
default_md = sha256
req_extensions = req_ext
distinguished_name = dn

[ dn ]
C=<two-letter ISO abbreviation for your country>
ST=<state or province where your organization is legally located>
L=<city where your organization is legally located>
O=<legal name of your organization>
OU=<section of the organization>
CN=<fully qualified domain name>

[ req_ext ]
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[ alt_names ]
DNS.1 = <fully qualified domain name>
DNS.2 = <next domain>
DNS.3 = <next domain>
EOF
))

Convert DER to PEM

( _fd_der="cert.crt" ; _fd_pem="cert.pem" ; \
openssl x509 -in ${_fd_der} -inform der -outform pem -out ${_fd_pem} )

Convert PEM to DER

( _fd_der="cert.crt" ; _fd_pem="cert.pem" ; \
openssl x509 -in ${_fd_pem} -outform der -out ${_fd_der} )

Checking whether the private key and the certificate match

(openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in private.key | openssl md5 ; openssl x509 -noout -modulus -in certificate.crt | openssl md5) | uniq

Tool: gnutls-cli

Testing connection to remote host (with SNI support)

gnutls-cli -p 443 google.com

Testing connection to remote host (without SNI support)

gnutls-cli --disable-sni -p 443 google.com

Tool: secure-delete

Secure delete with shred

shred -vfuz -n 10 file
shred --verbose --random-source=/dev/urandom -n 1 /dev/sda

Secure delete with scrub

scrub -p dod /dev/sda
scrub -p dod -r file

Secure delete with badblocks

badblocks -s -w -t random -v /dev/sda
badblocks -c 10240 -s -w -t random -v /dev/sda

Secure delete with secure-delete

srm -vz /tmp/file
sfill -vz /local
sdmem -v
swapoff /dev/sda5 && sswap -vz /dev/sda5

Tool: dd

Show dd status every so often

dd <dd_params> status=progress
watch --interval 5 killall -USR1 dd

Redirect output to a file with dd

echo "string" | dd of=filename

HTTP/HTTPS

Tool: curl

curl -Iks https://www.google.com

-I - show response headers only
-k - insecure connection when using ssl
-s - silent mode (not display body)

curl -Iks --location -X GET -A "x-agent" https://www.google.com

--location - follow redirects
-X - set method
-A - set user-agent

curl -Iks --location -X GET -A "x-agent" --proxy http://127.0.0.1:16379 https://www.google.com

--proxy [socks5://|http://] - set proxy server

Check DNS and HTTP trace with headers for specific domains

### Set domains and external dns servers.
_domain_list=(google.com) ; _dns_list=("8.8.8.8" "1.1.1.1")

for _domain in "${_domain_list[@]}" ; do

  printf '=%.0s' {1..48}

  echo

  printf "[\\e[1;32m+\\e[m] resolve: %s\\n" "$_domain"

  for _dns in "${_dns_list[@]}" ; do

    # Resolve domain.
    host "${_domain}" "${_dns}"

    echo

  done

  for _proto in http https ; do

    printf "[\\e[1;32m+\\e[m] trace + headers: %s://%s\\n" "$_proto" "$_domain"

    # Get trace and http headers.
    curl -Iks -A "x-agent" --location "${_proto}://${_domain}"

    echo

  done

done

unset _domain_list _dns_list

Tool: httpie

http -p Hh https://www.google.com

-p - print request and response headers
- H - request headers
- B - request body
- h - response headers
- b - response body

http -p Hh --follow --max-redirects 5 --verify no https://www.google.com

-F, --follow - follow redirects
--max-redirects N - maximum for --follow
--verify no - skip SSL verification

http -p Hh --follow --max-redirects 5 --verify no --proxy http:http://127.0.0.1:16379 https://www.google.com

--proxy [http:] - set proxy server

Network

Tool: ssh

Compare a remote file with a local file

ssh user@host cat /path/to/remotefile | diff /path/to/localfile -

SSH connection through host in the middle

ssh -t reachable_host ssh unreachable_host

Run command over ssh on remote host

cat > cmd.txt << __EOF__
cat /etc/hosts
__EOF__

ssh host -l user $(<cmd.txt)

Get public key from private key

ssh-keygen -y -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Get all fingerprints

ssh-keygen -l -f .ssh/known_hosts

Ssh authentication with user password

ssh -o PreferredAuthentications=password -o PubkeyAuthentication=no user@remote_host

Ssh authentication with publickey

ssh -o PreferredAuthentications=publickey -o PubkeyAuthentication=yes -i id_rsa user@remote_host

Simple recording SSH session

function _ssh_sesslog() {

  _sesdir="<path/to/session/logs>"

  mkdir -p "${_sesdir}" && \
  ssh $@ 2>&1 | tee -a "${_sesdir}/$(date +%Y%m%d).log"

}

# Alias:
alias ssh='_ssh_sesslog'

Using Keychain for SSH logins

### Delete all of ssh-agent's keys.
function _scl() {

  /usr/bin/keychain --clear

}

### Add key to keychain.
function _scg() {

  /usr/bin/keychain /path/to/private-key
  source "$HOME/.keychain/$HOSTNAME-sh"

}

SSH login without processing any login scripts

ssh -tt user@host bash

Tool: linux-dev

Testing remote connection to port

timeout 1 bash -c "</dev/<proto>/<host>/<port>" >/dev/null 2>&1 ; echo $?

<proto - set protocol (tcp/udp)
<host> - set remote host
<port> - set destination port

Read and write to TCP or UDP sockets with common bash tools

exec 5<>/dev/tcp/<host>/<port>; cat <&5 & cat >&5; exec 5>&-

Tool: tcpdump

tcpdump -ne -i eth0 -Q in host 192.168.252.1 and port 443

-n - don't convert addresses
-e - print the link-level headers
-i [iface|any] - set interface
-Q|-D [in|out|inout] - choose send/receive direction (-D - for old tcpdump versions)
host [ip|hostname] - set host, also [host not]
[and|or] - set logic
port [1-65535] - set port number, also [port not]

tcpdump -ne -i eth0 -Q in host 192.168.252.1 and port 443 -c 5 -w tcpdump.pcap

-c [num] - capture only num number of packets
-w [filename] - write packets to file, -r [filename] - reading from file

Tool: tcpick

Analyse packets in real-time

while true ; do tcpick -a -C -r dump.pcap ; sleep 2 ; clear ; done

Tool: ngrep

ngrep -d eth0 "www.google.com" port 443

-d [iface|any] - set interface
[domain] - set hostname
port [1-65535] - set port number

ngrep -d eth0 "www.google.com" (host 10.240.20.2) and (port 443)

(host [ip|hostname]) - filter by ip or hostname
(port [1-65535]) - filter by port number

ngrep -d eth0 -qt -O ngrep.pcap "www.google.com" port 443

-q - quiet mode (only payloads)
-t - added timestamps
-O [filename] - save output to file, -I [filename] - reading from file

ngrep -d eth0 -qt 'HTTP' 'tcp'

HTTP - show http headers
tcp|udp - set protocol
[src|dst] host [ip|hostname] - set direction for specific node

ngrep -l -q -d eth0 -i "User-Agent: curl*"

-l - stdout line buffered
-i - case-insensitive search

Tool: hping3

hping3 -V -p 80 -s 5050 <scan_type> www.google.com

-V|--verbose - verbose mode
-p|--destport - set destination port
-s|--baseport - set source port
<scan_type> - set scan type
- -F|--fin - set FIN flag, port open if no reply
- -S|--syn - set SYN flag
- -P|--push - set PUSH flag
- -A|--ack - set ACK flag (use when ping is blocked, RST response back if the port is open)
- -U|--urg - set URG flag
- -Y|--ymas - set Y unused flag (0x80 - nullscan), port open if no reply
- -M 0 -UPF - set TCP sequence number and scan type (URG+PUSH+FIN), port open if no reply

hping3 -V -c 1 -1 -C 8 www.google.com

-c [num] - packet count
-1 - set ICMP mode
-C|--icmptype [icmp-num] - set icmp type (default icmp-echo = 8)

hping3 -V -c 1000000 -d 120 -S -w 64 -p 80 --flood --rand-source <remote_host>

--flood - sent packets as fast as possible (don't show replies)
--rand-source - random source address mode
-d --data - data size
-w|--win - winsize (default 64)

Tool: netcat

nc -kl 5000

-l - listen for an incoming connection
-k - listening after client has disconnected
>filename.out - save receive data to file (optional)

nc 192.168.0.1 5051 < filename.in

< filename.in - send data to remote host

nc -vz 10.240.30.3 5000

-v - verbose output
-z - scan for listening daemons

nc -vzu 10.240.30.3 1-65535

-u - scan only udp ports

Transfer data file (archive)

server> nc -l 5000 | tar xzvfp -
client> tar czvfp - /path/to/dir | nc 10.240.30.3 5000

Launch remote shell

server> nc -l 5000 -e /bin/bash
client> nc 10.240.30.3 5000

Simple file server

while true ; do nc -l 5000 | tar -xvf - ; done

Simple minimal HTTP Server

while true ; do nc -l -p 1500 -c 'echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)"' ; done

Simple HTTP Server

Restarts web server after each request - remove while condition for only single connection.

cat > index.html << __EOF__
<!doctype html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
        <title></title>
        <meta name="description" content="">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    </head>
    <body>

    <p>

      Hello! It's a site.

    </p>

    </body>
</html>
__EOF__

server> while : ; do \
(echo -ne "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: $(wc -c <index.html)\r\n\r\n" ; cat index.html;) | \
nc -l -p 5000 \
; done

-p - port number

Simple HTTP Proxy (single connection)

#!/usr/bin/env bash

if [[ $# != 2 ]] ; then
  printf "%s\\n" \
         "usage: ./nc-proxy listen-port bk_host:bk_port"
fi

_listen_port="$1"
_bk_host=$(echo "$2" | cut -d ":" -f1)
_bk_port=$(echo "$2" | cut -d ":" -f2)

printf "  lport: %s\\nbk_host: %s\\nbk_port: %s\\n\\n" \
       "$_listen_port" "$_bk_host" "$_bk_port"

_tmp=$(mktemp -d)
_back="$_tmp/pipe.back"
_sent="$_tmp/pipe.sent"
_recv="$_tmp/pipe.recv"

trap 'rm -rf "$_tmp"' EXIT

mkfifo -m 0600 "$_back" "$_sent" "$_recv"

sed "s/^/=> /" <"$_sent" &
sed "s/^/<=  /" <"$_recv" &

nc -l -p "$_listen_port" <"$_back" | \
tee "$_sent" | \
nc "$_bk_host" "$_bk_port" | \
tee "$_recv" >"$_back"

server> chmod +x nc-proxy && ./nc-proxy 8080 192.168.252.10:8000
  lport: 8080
bk_host: 192.168.252.10
bk_port: 8000

client> http -p h 10.240.30.3:8080
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: max-age=31536000
Content-Length: 2748
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Date: Sun, 01 Jul 2018 20:12:08 GMT
Last-Modified: Sun, 01 Apr 2018 21:53:37 GMT

Create a single-use TCP or UDP proxy

### TCP -> TCP
nc -l -p 2000 -c "nc [ip|hostname] 3000"

### TCP -> UDP
nc -l -p 2000 -c "nc -u [ip|hostname] 3000"

### UDP -> UDP
nc -l -u -p 2000 -c "nc -u [ip|hostname] 3000"

### UDP -> TCP
nc -l -u -p 2000 -c "nc [ip|hostname] 3000"

Tool: socat

Testing remote connection to port

socat - TCP4:10.240.30.3:22

- - standard input (STDIO)
TCP4:<params> - set tcp4 connection with specific params
- [hostname|ip] - set hostname/ip
- [1-65535] - set port number

Redirecting TCP-traffic to a UNIX domain socket under Linux

socat TCP-LISTEN:1234,bind=127.0.0.1,reuseaddr,fork,su=nobody,range=127.0.0.0/8 UNIX-CLIENT:/tmp/foo

TCP-LISTEN:<params> - set tcp listen with specific params
- [1-65535] - set port number
- bind=[hostname|ip] - set bind hostname/ip
- reuseaddr - allows other sockets to bind to an address
- fork - keeps the parent process attempting to produce more connections
- su=nobody - set user
- range=[ip-range] - ip range
UNIX-CLIENT:<params> - communicates with the specified peer socket
- filename - define socket

Tool: lsof

Show process that use internet connection at the moment

lsof -P -i -n

Show process that use specific port number

lsof -i tcp:443

Lists all listening ports together with the PID of the associated process

lsof -Pan -i tcp -i udp

List all open ports and their owning executables

lsof -i -P | grep -i "listen"

Show all open ports

lsof -Pnl -i

Show open ports (LISTEN)

lsof -Pni4 | grep LISTEN | column -t

List all files opened by a particular command

lsof -c "process"

View user activity per directory

lsof -u username -a +D /etc

Show 10 Largest Open Files

lsof / | \
awk '{ if($7 > 1048576) print $7/1048576 "MB" " " $9 " " $1 }' | \
sort -n -u | tail | column -t

Tool: netstat

Graph # of connections for each hosts

netstat -an | \
grep ESTABLISHED | \
awk '{print $5}' | \
awk -F: '{print $1}' | \
grep -v -e '^[[:space:]]*$' | \
sort | uniq -c | \
awk '{ printf("%s\t%s\t",$2,$1) ; for (i = 0; i < $1; i++) {printf("*")}; print "" }'

Monitor open connections for specific port including listen, count and sort it per IP

watch "netstat -plan | grep :443 | awk {'print \$5'} | cut -d: -f 1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nk 1"

Tool: rsync

Rsync remote data as root using sudo

rsync --rsync-path 'sudo rsync' username@hostname:/path/to/dir/ /local/

Tool: host

Resolves the domain name (using external dns server)

host google.com 9.9.9.9

Checks the domain administrator (SOA record)

host -t soa google.com 9.9.9.9

Tool: dig

Resolves the domain name (short output)

dig google.com +short

Lookup NS record for specific domain

dig @9.9.9.9 google.com NS

Query only answer section

dig google.com +nocomments +noquestion +noauthority +noadditional +nostats

Query ALL DNS Records

dig google.com ANY +noall +answer

DNS Reverse Look-up

dig -x 172.217.16.14 +short

Tool: network-other

Get all subnets for specific AS (Autonomous system)

AS="AS32934"
whois -h whois.radb.net -- "-i origin ${AS}" | \
grep "^route:" | \
cut -d ":" -f2 | \
sed -e 's/^[ \t]//' | \
sort -n -t . -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -k 4,4 | \
cut -d ":" -f2 | \
sed -e 's/^[ \t]/allow /' | \
sed 's/$/;/' | \
sed 's/allow  */subnet -> /g'

Resolves domain name from dns.google.com with curl and jq

_dname="google.com" ; curl -s "https://dns.google.com/resolve?name=${_dname}&type=A" | jq .

Programming

Tool: awk

Remove duplicate entries in a file without sorting

awk '!x[$0]++' filename

Exclude multiple columns using AWK

awk '{$1=$3=""}1' filename

Get the last hour of Apache logs

awk '/'$(date -d "1 hours ago" "+%d\\/%b\\/%Y:%H:%M")'/,/'$(date "+%d\\/%b\\/%Y:%H:%M")'/ { print $0 }' /var/log/httpd/access_log

Tool: sed

To print a specific line from a file

sed -n 10p /path/to/file

Remove a specific line from a file

sed -i 10d /path/to/file
# alternative (BSD): sed -i'' 10d /path/to/file

Remove a range of lines from a file

sed -i <file> -re '<start>,<end>d'

Tool: grep

Search for a "pattern" inside all files in the current directory

grep -rn "pattern"
grep -RnisI "pattern" *
fgrep "pattern" * -R

Remove blank lines from a file and save output to new file

grep . filename > newfilename

Except multiple patterns

grep -vE '(error|critical|warning)' filename

Show data from file without comments

grep -v ^[[:space:]]*# filename

Show data from file without comments and new lines

egrep -v '#|^$' filename

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doc/img		doc/img
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md		CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
CONTRIBUTING.md		CONTRIBUTING.md
LICENSE.md		LICENSE.md
README.md		README.md

License

waysup/the-book-of-secret-knowledge

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A collection of awesome lists, manuals, blogs, hacks, one-liners, cli/web tools and more.

📔 What is it?

🚻 For whom?

ℹ️ Contributing

☑️ Todo

💢 Table of Contents

🔱 The Book of Secret Knowledge (Chapters)

CLI Tools [TOC]

▪️ Shells

▪️ Managers

▪️ Terminal emulators

▪️ Network

▪️ Network (DNS)

▪️ Network (HTTP)

▪️ SSL/Security

▪️ Auditing Tools

▪️ System Diagnostics/Debuggers

▪️ Log Analyzers

▪️ Databases

▪️ TOR

▪️ Other

GUI Tools [TOC]

▪️ Network

▪️ Password Managers

▪️ Text editors

Web Tools [TOC]

▪️ Browsers

▪️ SSL/Security

▪️ HTTP Headers & Web Linters

▪️ DNS

▪️ Mail

▪️ Net-tools

▪️ Privacy

▪️ Code parsers/playgrounds

▪️ Performance

▪️ Mass scanners (search engines)

▪️ Passwords

▪️ CVE/Exploits databases

▪️ Mobile Apps

Systems/Services [TOC]

▪️ Systems

▪️ HTTP(s) Services

▪️ Secure WebMail Providers

▪️ Crypto

▪️ PGP Keyservers

▪️ Security/hardening

Networks [TOC]

▪️ Tools

▪️ Labs

Manuals/Howtos/Tutorials [TOC]

▪️ Bash

▪️ Python

▪️ Sed & Awk & Other

▪️ *nix & Network

▪️ System hardening

▪️ Security & Privacy

▪️ Web Apps

▪️ Other

Awesome Lists [TOC]

Blogs [TOC]

▪️ Geeky Persons

▪️ Geeky Blogs

▪️ A piece of history

Hacking/Penetration Testing [TOC]

▪️ Pentesters arsenal tools

▪️ Pentests bookmarks collection

▪️ Bounty programs

▪️ Web Training Apps (local installation)

▪️ Labs (ethical hacking platforms/trainings/CTFs)

▪️ Other resources

Your daily knowledge and news [TOC]

▪️ RSS Readers

▪️ Security

Other Cheat Sheets [TOC]

CLI Tools ^[TOC]

GUI Tools ^[TOC]

Web Tools ^[TOC]

Systems/Services ^[TOC]

Networks ^[TOC]

Manuals/Howtos/Tutorials ^[TOC]

Awesome Lists ^[TOC]

Blogs ^[TOC]

Hacking/Penetration Testing ^[TOC]

Your daily knowledge and news ^[TOC]

Other Cheat Sheets ^[TOC]

One-liners ^[TOC]