CI: Put `build-deb` as its own job #4455

Job	Run time
build-container-image	6s
run-lint	40s
Download and cache Tesseract data	7s
build-deb (debian bookworm)	2m 43s
build-install-rpm (fedora 39)	6m 57s
build-deb (ubuntu 20.04)	2m 27s
build-install-rpm (fedora 40)	6m 8s
build-deb (ubuntu 22.04)	3m 29s
build-install-rpm (fedora 41)	5m 55s
build-deb (ubuntu 24.04)	2m 33s
build-deb (ubuntu 24.10)	2m 28s
build-deb (debian bullseye)	2m 41s
build-deb (debian trixie)	2m 35s
windows	9m 24s
run tests (ubuntu 20.04)	5m 43s
macOS (arch64)	2m 20s
run tests (ubuntu 22.04)	5m 28s
macOS (x86_64)	3m 20s
run tests (ubuntu 24.04)	5m 17s
run tests (ubuntu 24.10)	5m 21s
run tests (debian bullseye)	5m 30s
run tests (debian bookworm)	5m 59s
run tests (debian trixie)	5m 11s
run tests (fedora 39)	5m 49s
run tests (fedora 40)	5m 30s
run tests (fedora 41)	5m 19s
install-deb (ubuntu 20.04)	4m 6s
install-deb (ubuntu 22.04)	2m 45s
install-deb (ubuntu 24.04)	3m 35s
install-deb (ubuntu 24.10)	2m 26s
install-deb (debian bullseye)	2m 43s
install-deb (debian bookworm)	3m 33s
install-deb (debian trixie)	2m 26s
	2h 10m 34s

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