Upgrade to Ubuntu 22.04 baseimage

[ajhodgson]

• upgraded image base to the baseimage jammy-1.0.1 tag and fixed all issues caused by upgrade
• updated the Python install script to be able to install any supported version from base or the Deadsnakes PPA
• updated the Node.js installation process according to current instructions and updated the Node.js install script to be able to install any supported version from Nodesource
• ran corepack enable after Node.js installation to create executable links for Yarn and other Node.js utilities
• removed EOL Ruby 2.7
• installed OpenSSL 1.1 from source where needed to keep Ruby 3.0 working until it reaches EOL
• upgraded Jruby 9.3
• a few other cleanups, fixes and documentation updates

I have tested on this (only on amd64):

• 2 Ruby on Rails apps (CRuby only), including asset compilation with Yarn
• 2 Python apps
• a simple helloworld Node.js test app

I have further tested:

• run make build_all successfully.
• checked that the correct versions of Ruby are installed (and execute) in their associated images
• tested SSL client support with the Ruby 3.0 images, in both amd64 and arm64, verifying that the library and CA certificates work
• tested that sshd, memcached and redis still start successfully and work when installed or configured with the provided instructions