[Substrate.io Migration] Tutorials -> Build a Blockchain -> Upgrade a Running Network

.snippets/code/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/config-trait-impl.rs

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+...
+/// Configure the pallet-template in pallets/template.
+impl pallet_template::Config for Runtime {
+    ...
+}
+
+// Add here after all the other pallets implementations
+impl pallet_utility::Config for Runtime {
+    type RuntimeEvent = RuntimeEvent;
+    type RuntimeCall = RuntimeCall;
+    type PalletsOrigin = OriginCaller;
+    type WeightInfo = pallet_utility::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
+}
+...

.snippets/code/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/fs-runtime-macro.rs

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+// Create the runtime by composing the FRAME pallets that were previously configured.
+#[frame_support::runtime]
+mod runtime {
+    ...
+    // Include the custom logic from the pallet-template in the runtime.
+    #[runtime::pallet_index(7)]
+    pub type TemplateModule = pallet_template;
+
+    #[runtime::pallet_index(8)]
+    pub type Utility = pallet_utility;
+    ...
+}

.snippets/code/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/runtime-version-macro.rs

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+#[sp_version::runtime_version]
+pub const VERSION: RuntimeVersion = RuntimeVersion {
+	spec_name: create_runtime_str!("solochain-template-runtime"),
+	impl_name: create_runtime_str!("solochain-template-runtime"),
+	authoring_version: 1,
+	spec_version: 101,
+	impl_version: 1,
+	apis: RUNTIME_API_VERSIONS,
+	transaction_version: 1,
+	state_version: 1,
+};

tutorials/.pages

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 title: Tutorials
 nav:
   - index.md
+  - polkadot-sdk

tutorials/polkadot-sdk/.pages

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+title: Polkadot SDK
+nav:
+  - index.md
+  - 'Build a Blockchain': build-a-blockchain

tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/.pages

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+title: Build a Blockchain
+nav:
+  - index.md
+  - 'Upgrade a Running Network': upgrade-a-running-network.md

tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/index.md

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+---
+title: Build a Blockchain
+description: TODO
+hide: 
+- feedback
+template: subsection-index-page.html
+---

tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network.md

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+---
+title: Upgrade a Running Network
+description: Learn how to perform forkless runtime upgrades on a Polkadot-SDK based blockchain. Add features and modify parameters without network disruption.
+---
+
+# Upgrade a Running Network
+
+## Introduction
+
+One of the key advantages of the Polkadot-SDK development framework is its support for forkless upgrades to the blockchain runtime, which forms the core logic of the chain. Unlike many other blockchains, where introducing new features or improving existing ones often requires a hard fork, Polkadot-SDK enables seamless upgrades even when introducing breaking changes—without disrupting the network's operation.
+
+In traditional blockchain systems, a hard fork is necessary to implement changes, forcing participants to update their software to remain in sync. However, Polkadot-SDK's design incorporates the runtime directly into the blockchain's state, allowing participants to upgrade the runtime by calling the `set_code` function within a transaction. This mechanism ensures that updates are validated using the blockchain's consensus and cryptographic guarantees, allowing runtime logic to be updated or extended without forking the chain or requiring a new blockchain client.
+
+In this tutorial, you'll learn how to upgrade the runtime of a Polkadot-SDK-based blockchain without stopping the network or creating a fork. 
+
+You'll make the following changes to a running network node's runtime:
+
+- Increase the `spec_version`
+- Add the Utility pallet
+- Increase the minimum balance for network accounts
+
+By the end of this tutorial, you’ll have the skills to upgrade the runtime and submit a transaction to deploy the modified runtime on a live network.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+Before starting this tutorial, ensure you meet the following requirements:
+
+- Installed and configured Rust on your system. Refer to the [Installation]() guide for detailed instructions on installing Rust and setting up your development environment
+- Completed the [Build a Local Blockchain]() tutorial and have the [Polkadot-SDK Solochain Template](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-solochain-template){target=\_blank}installed on your machine
+- Reviewed the [Add a Pallet to the Runtime]() guide
+
+## Start the Node
+
+To demonstrate how to update a running node, you first need to start the local node with the current runtime.
+
+1. Navigate to the root directory where you compiled the Polkadot-SDK Solochain Template
+
+2. Start the local node in development mode by running the following command:
+    ```bash
+    ./target/release/solochain-template-node --dev
+    ```
+
+    !!!note
+        Keep the node running throughout this tutorial. You can modify and re-compile the runtime without stopping or restarting the node.
+
+3. Connect to your node using the same steps outlined in the [Interact with the Node]() section
+
+    Once connected, you’ll notice the node template is using the default version, `100`, displayed in the upper left.
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-1.webp)
+
+## Modify the Runtime
+
+### Add the Utility Pallet to the Dependencies
+
+1. Open the `runtime/Cargo.toml` file and locate the `[dependencies]` section. Add the Utility pallet by inserting the following line:
+
+    ```toml
+    pallet-utility = { version = "37.0.0", default-features = false}
+    ```
+
+    Your `[dependencies]` section should now look something like this:
+
+    ```toml
+    [dependencies]
+    codec = { features = ["derive"], workspace = true }
+    scale-info = { features = ["derive", "serde"], workspace = true }
+    frame-support = { features = ["experimental"], workspace = true }
+    ...
+    pallet-utility = { version = "37.0.0", default-features = false }
+    ```
+
+2. In the `[features]` section, add the Utility pallet to the `std` feature list by including:
+    ```toml
+    [features]
+    default = ["std"]
+    std = [
+        "codec/std",
+        "scale-info/std",
+        "frame-executive/std",
+        ...
+        "pallet-utility/std",
+    ]
+    ```
+
+3. Save the changes and close the `Cargo.toml` file
+
+### Update the Runtime Configuration
+
+To implement the necessary changes in your runtime, you'll need to modify the `runtime/src/lib.rs` file.
+
+#### Configure the Utility Pallet
+
+1. Implement the [`Config`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_utility/pallet/trait.Config.html){target=\_blank} trait for the Utility pallet:
+
+    ```rust
+    --8<-- 'code/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/config-trait-impl.rs'
+    ```
+
+2. Locate the `#[frame_support::runtime]` macro and add the Utility pallet:
+
+    ```rust
+     --8<-- 'code/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/fs-runtime-macro.rs'
+    ```
+
+#### Update Existential Deposit Value
+
+To update the `EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT` in the Balances pallet, locate the constant and set the value to `1000`:
+
+```rust
+...
+/// Existential deposit.
+pub const EXISTENTIAL_DEPOSIT: u128 = 1000;
+...
+```
+
+!!!note
+    This change increases the minimum balance required for accounts to remain active. No accounts with balances between `500` and `1000` will be removed. For account removal, a storage migration is needed. See [Storage Migration]() for details.
+
+#### Update Runtime Version
+
+Locate the `runtime_version` macro and increment the `spec_version` field from `100` to `101`:
+
+```rust
+--8<-- 'code/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/runtime-version-macro.rs'
+```
+
+### Recompile the Runtime
+
+Once you've made all the necessary changes, recompile the runtime by running:
+
+```bash
+cargo build --release
+```
+
+The build artifacts will be output to the `target/release` directory. The Wasm build artifacts can be found in the `target/release/wbuild/solochain-template-runtime` directory. You should see the following files:
+
+- *solochain_template_runtime.compact.compressed.wasm*
+- *solochain_template_runtime.compact.wasm*
+- *solochain_template_runtime.wasm*
+
+## Execute the Runtime Upgrade
+
+Now that you've generated the Wasm artifact for your modified runtime, it's time to upgrade the running network. This process involves submitting a transaction to load the new runtime logic.
+
+### Understand Runtime Upgrades
+
+#### Authorization with Sudo
+
+In production networks, runtime upgrades typically require community approval through governance. For this tutorial, the Sudo pallet will be used to simplify the process. The Sudo pallet allows a designated account (usually `Alice` in development environments) to perform privileged operations, including runtime upgrades.
+
+#### Resource Accounting
+
+Runtime upgrades use the `set_code` extrinsic, which is designed to consume an entire block's resources. This design prevents other transactions from executing on different runtime versions within the same block. The `set_code` extrinsic is classified as an Operational call, meaning it:
+
+- Can use a block's entire weight limit
+- Receives maximum priority
+- Is exempt from transaction fees
+
+To bypass resource accounting safeguards, the `sudo_unchecked_weight` extrinsic will be used. This allows you to specify a weight of zero, ensuring the upgrade process has unlimited time to complete.
+
+### Perform the Upgrade
+
+Follow these steps to update your network with the new runtime:
+
+1. Open [Polkadot.js Apps](https://polkadot.js.org/apps/?rpc=ws%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9944#/explorer){target=_blank} in your web browser and make sure you are connected to your local node
+
+2. Navigate to the **Developer** dropdown and select the **Extrinsics** option
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-2.webp)
+
+3. Construct the `set_code` extrinsic call:
+
+    1. Select the **`sudo`** pallet
+    2. Choose the **`sudoUncheckedWeight`** extrinsic
+    3. Select the **`system`** pallet
+    4. Choose the **`setCode`** extrinsic
+    5. Fill in the parameters:
+        - **`code`** - the new runtime code
+
+            !!!note
+                You can click the **file upload toggle** to upload a file instead of copying the hex string value.
+
+        - **`weight`** - lave both parameters set to the default value of `0`
+
+    6. Click on **Submit Transaction**
+
+        ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-3.webp)
+
+4. Review the transaction details and click **Sign and Submit** to confirm the transaction
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-4.webp)
+
+
+### Verify the Upgrade
+
+#### Runtime Version Change
+
+1. Navigate to the **Network** dropdown and select the **Explorer** option
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-5.webp)
+
+2. After the transaction is included in a block, check:
+    1.  There has been a successful `sudo.Sudid` event
+    2.  The indicator shows that the runtime version is now `101`
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-6.webp)
+
+#### Utility Pallet Addition
+
+In the **Extrinsics** section, you should see that the Utility pallet has been added as an option
+
+![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-7.webp)
+
+#### Existential Deposit Update
+
+1. Navigate to the **Developer** dropdown and select the **Chain State** option
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-8.webp)
+
+2.  Query the existential deposit value
+    1. Click on the **Constants** tab 
+    2. Select the **balances** pallet
+    3. Choose the **`existentialDeposit`** constant
+    4. Click the **+** button to execute the query
+    5. Check the existential deposit value
+
+    ![](/images/tutorials/polkadot-sdk/build-a-blockchain/upgrade-a-running-network/upgrade-a-running-network-9.webp)

tutorials/polkadot-sdk/index.md

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+---
+title: Polkadot SDK
+description: TODO
+hide: 
+- feedback
+template: subsection-index-page.html
+---